DRAFT Australian Dietary Guidelines - Eat For Health

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817. Hu, F.B., et al., Television watching and other sedentary behaviors in relation to risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in women. J Am Med Assoc, 2003. 289(14): p. 1785-91. 818. Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A., et al., Physical inactivity, sedentary lifestyle and obesity in the European Union. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 1999. 23(11): p. 1192-201. 819. Brown, W.J., Y.D. Miller, and R. Miller, Sitting time and work patterns as indicators of overweight and obesity in Australian adults. International Journal of Obesity & Related Metabolic Disorders: Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 2003. 27(11): p. 1340-6. 820. Saris, W.H., et al., How much physical activity is enough to prevent unhealthy weight gain? Outcome of the IASO 1st Stock Conference and consensus statement. Obes Rev, 2003. 4(2): p. 101-14. 821. Blair, S.N., M.J. LaMonte, and M.Z. Nichaman, The evolution of physical activity recommendations: how much is enough? Am J Clin Nutr, 2004. 79(5). 822. Petersen, L., P. Schnohr, and T. Sørensen, Longitudinal study of the long-term relation between physical activity and obesity in adults. International Journal of Obesity, 2003. 28(1): p. 105- 112. 823. Schoeller, D.A., But how much physical activity? Am J Clin Nutr, 2003. 78(4): p. 669-70. 824. Martinez-Gomez, D., et al., Recommended levels of physical activity to avoid an excess of body fat in European adolescents: the HELENA Study. Am J Prev Med, 2010. 39(3): p. 203-11. 825. Caterson, I.D. and N. Finer, Emerging pharmacotherapy for treating obesity and associated cardiometabolic risk. Asia Pacific, 2006. 15: p. 55-62. 826. National Health and Medical Research Council, * Title to be confirmed once published - Obesity treatment guidelines, 2011, National Health and Medical Research Council: Canberra. 827. Callaway, L.K., M.J. O'Callaghan, and H.D. McIntyre, Barriers to addressing overweight and obesity before conception. Med J Aust, 2009. 191(8): p. 425-428. 828. Mamun, A.A., et al., Associations of excess weight gain during pregnancy with long-term maternal overweight and obesity: evidence from 21 y postpartum follow-up. Am J Clin Nutr, 2010. 91(5): p. 1336-41. 829. Dodd, J.M., et al., Antenatal interventions for overweight or obese pregnant women: a systematic review of randomised trials: a systematic review of randomised trials. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 2010. 117(11): p. 1316-1326. DRAFT Australian Dietary Guidelines- December 2011 270
830. Callaway, L.K., et al., The prevalence and impact of overweight and obesity in an Australian obstetric population. Med J Aust, 2006. 184(2): p. 56-9. 831. Institute of Medicine, Preventing Childhood Obesity: Health in the Balance, 2005, Institute of Medicine of the National Academies: Washington DC. 832. Institute of Medicine, N.R.C., Weight Gain During Pregnancy: Reexamining the Guidelines. , 2009, The National Academies Press.: Washington, DC. 833. Budge, H., et al., Maternal nutritional programming of fetal adipose tissue development: longterm consequences for later obesity. Birth defects research. Part C, Embryo today: reviews, 2005. 75(3): p. 193-9. 834. Boney, C.M., et al., Metabolic syndrome in childhood: association with birth weight, maternal obesity, and gestational diabetes mellitus. Pediatrics, 2005. 115(3): p. e290-6. 835. Fraser, A., et al., Associations of gestational weight gain with maternal body mass index, waist circumference, and blood pressure measured 16 y after pregnancy: the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Am J Clin Nutr, 2011. 836. Kinnunen, T.I., et al., Reducing postpartum weight retention--a pilot trial in primary health care. Nutr J, 2007. 6: p. 21. 837. Harding, J.E., The nutritional basis of the fetal origins of adult disease. Int J Epidemiol, 2001. 30(1): p. 15. 838. Makrides, M., Early childhood nutrition and cognitive outcome. Proc Nutr Soc Aust., 1998. 22: p. 216-222. 839. Cooper, C., et al., Growth in infancy and bone mass in later life. Ann Rheum Dis, 1997. 56(1): p. 17-21. 840. Evans, W.J., Effects of aging and exercise on nutrition needs of the elderly. Nutr Rev, 1996. 54(1 Pt 2): p. S35-9. 841. Morley, J.E. and W.A. van Staveren, Undernutrition: diagnosis, causes, consequences and treatment, in Food for the ageing population, M. Raats, L. de Groot, and W.A. van Staveren, Editors. 2009, Woodhead Publishing Limited: Cambridge. 842. Nowson, C., Nutritional challenges in the elderly. Australian Doctor, 2009(27 March): p. 25- 30. 843. Corrada, M.M., et al., Association of body mass index and weight change with all-cause mortality in the elderly. Am J Epidemiol, 2006. 163(10): p. 938-49. DRAFT Australian Dietary Guidelines- December 2011 271
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Australian Dietary Guidelines Incor
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Australian Dietary Guidelines Austr
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2.4.4 Practical considerations: Lea
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1. Introduction 1.1 Why the Guideli
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income, education, cultural influen
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The Evidence Report (A review of th
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1.4 How the Guidelines were develop
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Levels of evidence in public health
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the study results were generalisabl
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Table 1.1: Changes in macronutrient
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population. NHMRC intends to work w
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Figure 1.2: Australian Guide to Hea
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Executive Summary Dietary patterns
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Consuming a wide variety of foods m
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varieties within each food group, f
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2.1.4.6 People in lower socioeconom
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vegetable intake and cancer has foc
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Endometrial, Ovarian and pancreatic
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2.2.3.2 Cancer Colorectal cancer: E
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2.2.4.2 Cancer Alimentary tract can
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2.2.5.2 Cancer mechanisms There is
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Table 2.1: Recommended number of se
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increasing appetites. Unless prescr
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2.3.2.1 Cardiovascular disease, typ
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Table 2.3: Recommended number of se
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2.4 Lean meat and poultry, fish, eg
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interpret because of widely varying
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2.4.2.3.1 Fish: Cardiovascular dise
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Smoked, salted and chemically prese
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Depending on age and sex, health be
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2.4.4.6 Vegetarians For several nut
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Evidence Statement Grade Consumptio
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2.5.3 How drinking milk and eating
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2.5.4.1 Pregnant and breastfeeding
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the recent review [14]. Many common
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2.6.2.3 Other conditions Dental car
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Where to next Both the quality and
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Executive summary This Guideline em
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3.1.2 The evidence for ‘limiting
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In the longer term, the review cond
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The P:M:S ratio is a useful tool in
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3.2.2 The evidence for ‘limiting
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3.2.3 How limiting intake of foods
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3.2.4.4 Older people Taste percepti
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No large studies have measured the
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Excess weight: Many foods containin
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etter health outcomes than those wh
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Evidence Statement Grade Consumptio
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Dementia: The evidence suggests an
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Drinking coffee, having a cold show
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In the absence of any research to q
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Executive summary Healthy weight is
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prevalence of obesity alone is high
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Compared to having a BMI between 18
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4.1.3.2 Energy intake and trend dat
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4.1.3.4 Energy intake from specific
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4.1.4.2 Benefits of physical activi
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4.2.1 Primary prevention Diet and p
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and consistent evidence that dietar
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4.2.2 Secondary prevention Behaviou
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Table 4.4 A stepped model for the m
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Taller or larger and more active ad
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Table 4.5 2010 Institute of Medicin
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For older, taller or more active ch
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Most older people will benefit from
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5. Encourage and support breastfeed
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5.1 Setting the scene The World Hea
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Evidence Statement Grade Exclusive
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Table 5.1 Factors associated with d
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5.2.4 Other benefits Sudden Infant
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5.3.1.3 Mothers in the workplace Ev
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5.3.1.3 Community support The succe
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Executive summary More than five mi
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[929]. Fresh fruit and vegetables c
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contamination (see above) avoided.
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1989 - 1995 Composition of Foods, A
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2001 Eat Well Australia: An Agenda
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2011 A Review of the Evidence to Ad
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Professor Dorothy Mackerras Dr Dav
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Level III-2 - A comparative study w
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food options to meet additional ene
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Appendix 3. Assessing growth and he
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Table A3.1 International BMI cut-of
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A3.1.6 Z-scores and percentiles: Co
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Appendix 4. Physical activity guide
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Suggested activities include: mode
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Appendix 5. Studies examining the h
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that further specific studies are r
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Table A6.2 Energy and alcohol conte
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The economic, social and cultural f
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A diet consistent with the Guidelin
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In other more recent studies, highe
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A7.4 Aboriginal and Torres Strait I
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A7.4.3.2. Aboriginal people living
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Mortality rates for people born ove
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Appendix 8: Glossary Adequate Intak
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Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are pol
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Exclusive breastfeeding Means an in
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Legume/Beans Refers to all forms of
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Older adults For the purposes of th
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Reduced fat products For a food to
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celery and asparagus), gourd vegeta
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Evidence Statement Grade Fruit Cons
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Table A9.2: Evidence statements (Gr
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References 1. Rayner, M. and P. Sca
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27. Wilkinson, R. and M. Marmot, So
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54. Hawkins, S.S., T.J. Cole, and C
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81. Hesketh, K., M. Wake, and E. Wa
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107. McCullough, M.L., et al., Diet
Page 219 and 220: 135. Brimblecombe, J.K. and K. O’
Page 221 and 222: 162. Kreimer, A.R., et al., Diet an
Page 223 and 224: 189. Ward, H.A., et al., Breast, co
Page 225 and 226: 216. Paolini, M., et al., Beta-caro
Page 227 and 228: 244. Kelly, S.A., et al., Wholegrai
Page 229 and 230: 270. Williams, P.G., et al., Cereal
Page 231 and 232: 297. Garcia-Closas, R., et al., Foo
Page 233 and 234: 324. Maclean, C.H., et al., Effects
Page 235 and 236: 349. Vander Wal, J.S., et al., Egg
Page 237 and 238: 376. Elwood, P.C., et al., The surv
Page 239 and 240: 404. Javaid, M.K., et al., Maternal
Page 241 and 242: 430. Lagiou, P., et al., Intake of
Page 243 and 244: 458. Vartanian, L.R., M.B. Schwartz
Page 245 and 246: 486. Lopez-Ridaura, R., et al., Mag
Page 247 and 248: 512. Kratz, M., et al., The impact
Page 249 and 250: 537. Daniels, S.R. and F.R. Greer,
Page 251 and 252: 562. Cook, N.R., et al., Joint effe
Page 253 and 254: 588. Burt, B.A., et al., The effect
Page 255 and 256: 615. Ronksley, P.E., et al., Associ
Page 257 and 258: 642. Purdue, M.P., et al., Type of
Page 259 and 260: 669. Arntzen, K., et al., Moderate
Page 261 and 262: 696. Rokholm, B., J.L. Baker, and T
Page 263 and 264: 724. Bensimhon, D.R., W.E. Kraus, a
Page 265 and 266: 750. Centre for Epidemiology and Re
Page 267 and 268: 776. Monasta, L., et al., Early-lif
Page 269: 803. Prentice, A.M. and S.A. Jebb,
Page 273 and 274: 857. Australian Institute of Health
Page 275 and 276: 885. Demmelmair, H., J. von Rosen,
Page 277 and 278: 911. Duong, D.V., C.W. Binns, and A
Page 279 and 280: 940. Cashel K, L.J., NUTTAB89-Nutri
Page 281 and 282: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/m
Page 283 and 284: 995. Atlantis, E., E.H. Barnes, and
Page 285 and 286: 1021. Australian Bureau of Statisti
Page 287 and 288: 1049. Altman, J., Hunter-gatherers
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