DRAFT Australian Dietary Guidelines - Eat For Health

Contents
1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 7
1.1 Why the Guidelines matter .......................................................................................................................7
1.2 Social determinants of food choices and health..................................................................................8
1.3 Scope and target audience .......................................................................................................................9
1.4 How the Guidelines were developed ................................................................................................... 13
1.5 Adherence to dietary advice in Australia .......................................................................................... 18
1.6 Dietary choices and the environment ................................................................................................ 20
1.7 How to use the Guidelines ..................................................................................................................... 21
1.8 The Australian Guide to Healthy Eating ................................................................................................. 22
2. Eat a wide variety of nutritious foods ...................................................................................... 24
2.1 Eat a wide variety of nutritious foods ................................................................................................ 26
2.1.1 Setting the scene ........................................................................................................ 26
2.1.2 The evidence for ‘eat a wide variety of nutritious foods’ ....................................... 27
2.1.3 How eating a wide variety of foods may improve health outcomes .................. 28
2.1.4 Practical considerations: Eat a wide variety of nutritious foods ........................... 28
2.2 Plenty of vegetables, including different types and colours, and legumes/beans, and eat fruit32
2.2.1 Setting the scene ........................................................................................................ 32
2.2.2 The evidence for ‘plenty of vegetables’ ................................................................... 32
2.2.3 The evidence for ‘plenty of legumes/beans’ ............................................................ 36
2.2.4 The evidence for ‘eat fruit’ ........................................................................................ 37
2.2.5 How plenty of vegetables, including different types and colours, and legumes/beans, and eating fruit
may improve health outcomes .......................................................................................... 39
2.2.6 Practical considerations: Eat plenty of vegetables, including different types and colours,
legumes/beans, and fruit ........................................................................................................ 42
2.3 Grain (cereal) foods (mostly wholegrain) ......................................................................................... 45
2.3.1 Setting the scene ........................................................................................................ 45
2.3.2 The evidence for ‘grain (cereal) foods’ .................................................................... 46
2.3.3 How eating cereal (mostly wholegrain) foods may improve health outcomes . 47
2.3.4 Practical considerations: Eat grain (cereal) foods, mostly wholegrain ................. 48
2.4 Lean meat and poultry, fish, eggs, nuts and seeds, and legumes/beans ...................................... 51
2.4.1 Setting the scene ........................................................................................................ 51
2.4.2 The evidence for ‘lean meat and poultry, fish, eggs, nuts and seeds, and legumes/beans’ 52
2.4.3 How eating lean meat and poultry, fish, eggs, nuts and seeds, and legumes/beans may improve
health outcomes ................................................................................................................... 56
DRAFT Australian Dietary Guidelines- December 2011 4