Untitled - Kelly Walsh High School

330 INDEX
M (molarity), 50, 73, 174, 175
macroscopic level, 3
magnetic quantum number, 111
main-group elements, 19
mass, 31–47
atomic, 16–17, 34
Avogadro’s number and molar mass, 34–35
balancing chemical equations, 32–34
finding moles, 40–44
limiting reactants and percent yield, 36–38
mass/energy conversions, 298–299
overview, 31–32
percent composition and empirical
formulas, 38–39
stoichiometry, 35–36
mass (weight) percentage, 173
mass/energy conversions, 298–299
mass/volume percentage, 173–174
matter, 3–4, 108–109, 115–116
measurement, units of, 4–6
melting point (mp), 158
meniscus, 162
metallic bonds, 163, 165
metallic solids, 163
metalloids, 18
metals, 18, 283–284, 288
Metric (SI) system, 4–6
microscopic level, 3
MO (molecular orbital) theory, 151–154
molar heat capacity (C), 99–101
molarity (M), 50, 73, 174, 175
molecular compounds, 21–22, 51
molecular equations, 59
molecular formulas, 19, 39, 129
molecular geometry, 145–155
molecular orbital theory, 151–153
overview, 145–149
valence bond theory, 149–151
valence-shell electron pair repulsion theory,
146–149
molecular orbital (MO) theory, 151–154
molecular solids, 163
molecules:
chemical formulas, 19–21
and covalent bonds, 132
intermolecular forces, 157–169
liquids, 161–162
phase changes, 163–165
solids, 162–163
types, 158–161
molecules (Cont.):
nomenclature, 21–26
moles, 31–47
Avogadro’s number and molar mass, 34–35
balancing chemical equations, 32–34
finding, 40–44
limiting reactants and percent yield, 36–38
mole fraction, 175
overview, 31–32
percent composition and empirical
formulas, 38–39
stoichiometry, 35–36
monatomic ions, 121
monosaccharides, 314
mp (melting point), 158
n (amount) gas law constants, 80–83
natural decay modes, 302
Nernst equation, 272–273
net ionic equations, 58–70
network covalent solids, 163
neutralization reactions, 53–55
neutral pH, 223
neutron-poor isotopes, 295
neutrons, 16–17
nomenclature:
alkane, 306–311
atoms, 21–26
nonelectrolytes, 51
nonideal gases, 88–89
nonmetals:
general properties of, 284–285
ionization energies, 285
nomenclature, 24
overview, 18
oxidation numbers, 285
periodic trends of, 285–286
nonpolar covalent bond, 133
nonspontaneous half-reactions, 276
nonstoichiometric compounds, 282
nuclear chemistry, 291–304
fission and fusion, 299–300
half-lives, 296–298
mass and energy conversions, 298–299
nuclear decay, 300–302
nuclear reactions, 292–295
nuclear stability, 295
overview, 291–292
nucleic acids, 315–316, 322
nucleotides, 315