Untitled - Kelly Walsh High School

Aqueous Solutions 65
All the separated ions should have “(aq)” after their formulas, as should the
hydrofluoric acid. Water is a liquid, and carbon dioxide is a gas. The insoluble
ionic materials, including those that are not strong bases, are solids. When we
add this information, we have the ionic equations:
Cr(OH) 3(s) 3 H (aq) 3 ClO4 (aq)
l Cr3 (aq) 3 ClO4 (aq) 3 H2O(l)
3K (aq) 3Cl 3 (aq) 3NH4 (aq) PO4 (aq)
l 3K 3 (aq) PO4 (aq) 3NH4 (aq) 3Cl (aq)
2 Na 2 (aq) CO3 (aq) 2 H (aq) 2 Cl (aq)
l 2 Na (aq) 2 Cl (aq) CO2(g) H2O(l) Mg2 2 (aq) 2 NO3 (aq) Ca (aq) 2 OH (aq)
l Mg(OH) 2(s) Ca2 (aq) 2 NO3 (aq)
2 H 2 (aq) 2 NO3 (aq) Ba (aq) 2 OH (aq)
l Ba2 (aq) 2 NO3 (aq) 2 H2O(l)
2 Li (aq) 2 F (aq) 2 H 2 (aq) SO4 (aq)
l 2 Li 2 (aq) SO4 (aq) 2 HF(aq)
You can go back and add these phase designations to the original balanced
molecular equations. The “(aq)” designation will go with each compound that
you separated into ions. The resultant molecular equations are:
Cr(OH) 3(s) 3 HClO 4(aq) l Cr(ClO 4) 3(aq) 3 H 2O(l)
3 KCl(aq) (NH 4) 3PO 4(aq) l K 3PO 4(aq) 3 NH 4Cl(aq)
Na 2CO 3(aq) 2 HCl(aq) l 2 NaCl(aq) CO 2(g) H 2O(l)
Mg(NO 3) 2(aq) Ca(OH) 2(aq) l Mg(OH) 2(s) Ca(NO 3) 2(aq)
2 HNO 3(aq) Ba(OH) 2(aq) l Ba(NO 3) 2(aq) 2 H 2O(l)
2 LiF(aq) H 2SO 4(aq) l Li 2SO 4(aq) 2 HF(aq)
To get the net ionic equations, we must remove the spectator ions from the total
ionic equations. We eliminate anything that appears identical on both sides of
the reaction arrow. This cancellation gives:
Cr(OH) 3(s) 3 H (aq) 3 ClO 4 (aq)
l Cr3 (aq) 3 ClO 4 (aq) 3 H2O(l)
3K (aq) 3Cl 3 (aq) 3NH 4 (aq) PO 4 (aq)
l 3K 3 (aq) PO 4 (aq) 3NH 4 (aq) 3Cl (aq)
2 Na 2 (aq) CO3 (aq) 2 H (aq) 2 Cl (aq)
l 2 Na (aq) 2 Cl (aq) CO2(g) H2O(l) Mg2 2 (aq) 2 NO 3 (aq) Ca (aq) 2 OH (aq)
l Mg(OH) 2(s) Ca 2 (aq) 2 NO 3 (aq)