Technology and Terminology of Knapped Stone - IRIT

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Fig. 61 — Schematic illustration of the main types of burin spalls. 1 : first spall. 2, 3 : sharpening spalls (second spalls). 4 : plunging spall (angle burin on distal truncation). 5 : plunging spall (angle burin on a proximally truncated arched backed blade). 6 : hinged spall. 7 : twisted spall. 8, 9 : first spall and sharpening spall removing part of the edge prepared before the burin blow. 135
Fig. 62 — Various types of butts. 1 : cortical. 2 : plain. 3 : dihedral. 4 : facetted. 5 : "en chapeau de gendarme". 6 : winged. 7 : pecked. 8 : spur ("en éperon"). 9 : linear. 10 : punctiform. and lower faces of the flake are defined by the angle de chasse and the flaking angle . When the latter is very obtuse, the butt is said to be canted. c CANTED. A descriptive term applied specifically to the butt, when it forms a distinctly obtuse angle with the lower face. CARÈNE (CARÉNAGE). Litterally "hull" ("careenage"), from the vocabu-lary of naval architecture. The term refers to the longitudinal convexity of the debitage surfaces of a blade core, which is best represented on cores with a single striking 1 2 5 platform (fig. 29 : 1 and fig. 64 : 5) . CHANNEL-FLAKED. The expression describes a bifacial piece from which an elongated flake has been removed along the longitudinal axis, in order to thin one or 1 2 6 both faces, without reaching the edges . Channel-flaking (or fluting) can be carried out by direct or indirect percussion (fig. 63), or by pressure-flaking. This 1 2 7 method is not known in the Old World . 125 Term suggested by D. Cahen (1984). 126 Crabtree, 1966. 127 Smith, 1963. 136 CHAPEAU DE GENDARME. An expression applied specifically to a form of facetted butt (fig. 62 : 5). CINTRAGE. Litterally "centering" in architecture. The term refers to the transversal convexitiy of the debitage surfaces of a blade core (perpendicular to the ridges) 128 . CLACTONIAN. 1. Denotes a notch obtained by a single blow (fig. 34 : 4), irrespective of the blank, the culture, or the geographic location. 2. Also refers to a type of debitage 129 . CONCHOID. A rarely used synonym of bulb. CONE. This denotes the morphology sometimes linking the butt to the bulb. The term is very appropriate in the case of an incipient cone 13 °, a fissure that develops in the form of a right-angled cone from the surface of a piece of raw material, when the percussion (with a hard or soft hammer) is not followed by a removal. CONJOINING. Conjoining involves matching pieces or fragments after having 128 Cahen, 1984. 129 Turq, 1988. 130 Breuil, 1932.
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Technology and Terminology of Knapp
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In the same collection Préhistoire
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Authors Marie-Louise Inizan*, Mich
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Chapter 4 : Debitage 59 The core De
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List o f illustration s Fig. 1 Raw
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Foreword Many students and research
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Why? Technology has its place withi
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In blade debitage 17 , for instance
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Chapter 1 Raw material s Knapped ha
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2. Knappin g suitability o f hard r
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• A single block of raw material
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Raw material procuremen t strategie
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unmodified block roughed ou t or pr
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Knapping, shaping, flaking, retouch
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could not be reached with such othe
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ipples, hackles (see p. 142). Parad
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• Languette 31 breaks occurring o
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- distinguish intentional from unin
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Fig. 9 — Blade debitage carried o
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Chapter 3 Shaping We use the term s
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to another in the course of roughin
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Fig. 13 — Example of bifacial sha
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aspects be from now on taken into c
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Polyhedral and spheroidal shaping a
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Fig. 18 — Preforms. 1 : experimen
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(fig. 18 : 3), using indirect percu
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As a rule, the part played by shapi
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study should not be dissociated fro
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Fig. 21 62 1 — Relatively simple
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Fig. 22 — Volumetric representati
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66 Fig. 23 — Levallois debitage o
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1. Recurrent unipolar Levallois met
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0 1 2 3 9 Fig. 26 — Various examp
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72 Fig. 28 — Phonolite cleaver on
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In the repeated production of blade
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Indirect percussion Strangely enoug
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Fig. 31 — Pressure debitage of bl
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method was invented in a Sibero-Mon
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These seven characteristics, as wel
Page 85 and 86: If the microburin blow has removed
Page 87 and 88: Fig. 34 — Various examples of spe
Page 90 and 91: Chapter 6 Technology a s a means to
Page 92 and 93: 1. Observation o f surface conditio
Page 94 and 95: 3. Framework fo r th e readin g o f
Page 96 and 97: Fig. 36 — Refitting. Centripetal
Page 98 and 99: hammer, the stability of the core o
Page 100 and 101: Only the major milestones in the co
Page 102 and 103: Chapter 7 0 I ~"~2 3 4 o Graphic re
Page 104 and 105: 103 Fig. 37 — Acheulean handaxe,
Page 106 and 107: Fig. 39 — Pressure-flaked bladele
Page 108 and 109: Fig. 41 — Examples of orientation
Page 110 and 111: 1 I Fig. 43 — Two layouts of view
Page 112 and 113: 4. Graphi c desig n an d techniqu e
Page 114 and 115: Fig. 46 — Tracing the outline and
Page 116 and 117: Fig. 47 — Uncompleted laurel leaf
Page 118 and 119: Fig. 48 — Graphical treatment of
Page 120 and 121: Fig. 50 — Large convex Mousterian
Page 122 and 123: 6. Symbol s Although multiple views
Page 124 and 125: Clean breaks are indicated by two s
Page 126 and 127: Fig. 54 — Schematic representatio
Page 128: indicated by numbered arrows. The p
Page 131 and 132: ANVIL. A block of relatively hard s
Page 133 and 134: produced at the very moment the fla
Page 135: Fig. 60 — Inclination of a burin
Page 139 and 140: If the morphology of the raw materi
Page 141 and 142: 7 8 9 11 1 2 13 1 4 1 5 Fig. 65 —
Page 143 and 144: - or from a cobble, a slab, a core,
Page 145 and 146: INVERSE. A term defining a position
Page 147 and 148: distinguish the types of certain to
Page 149 and 150: Fig. 72 — The stone-knapper's set
Page 151 and 152: 5 Fig. 74 — Various examples of p
Page 153 and 154: 1 2 3 Fig. 75 — Position of remov
Page 155 and 156: 0 1 cm Fig. 78 — Proximal fragmen
Page 157 and 158: conventionally applied to "the fash
Page 160 and 161: AKAZAWA T., ODA S., YAMANAKA I. 198
Page 162 and 163: CRABTREE D.E. 1966 A stone worker's
Page 164 and 165: LAPLACE G. 1964 Essai de typologie
Page 166 and 167: SEMENOV S. A. 1964 Prehistoric tech
Page 168: Multilingual vocabulary
Page 171 and 172: pressure platfor m : proximal: f i
Page 173 and 174: ENGLISH : FRENCH abrasion : abrasio
Page 175 and 176: Levallois (méthode, éclat, etc.)
Page 177 and 178: punctiform : punktförmi g refittin
Page 179 and 180: ENGLISH : GREEK translated by A. Mo
Page 181 and 182: epiklinήV (epexergasίa) : low ang
Page 183 and 184: punch : punzone punctiform : puntif
Page 185 and 186: ENGLISH : PORTUGUESE translated by
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face : fac e faceta: buri n face t
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pressure platform : plano de presi
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Technology and Terminology of Knapped Stone - IRIT

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