Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands

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166 Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands ca. 5 mm long, pilose; seeds black, dull, puberulous, ca. 3.5 mm long, with two sides flat and one convex. Phenology: Collected in flower and fruit from November to January. Status: Exotic, cultivated and naturalized, rather common. Distribution: Widely cultivated in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Native to the Neotropics but cultivated throughout the tropics and subtropics. 3. Ipomoea calantha Griseb., Cat. Pl. Cub. 202. 1866. Fig. 65. A-C Twining vine, slightly woody, 3-4 m in length. Young stems 4-winged, puberulous, cylindrical and striate when mature. Leaves alternate; blades simple, 5.5-14 × 4.7-10.5 cm, broadly ovate, chartaceous, the apex acute, obtuse, or acuminate, mucronulate, the base cordiform or truncate, the margins entire; upper surface dark green, dull, glabrous, with a prominent midvein; lower surface pale green, with prominent venation and puberulous; petioles 3-13 cm long, puberulous. Flowers solitary or few, in simple dichasial and axillary cymes; peduncle 4-13.5 cm long. Calyx green, not accrescent, the sepals oblong, puberulous, unequal, 8-12 mm long, the 2 outer ones shorter than the 3 inner ones, obtuse at the apex, the inner ones retuse at the apex; corolla violet-pink, infundibuliform, 6.5-7 cm long, the limb ca. 5 cm in diameter, with 5 rounded lobes; stamens and stigmas not exserted. Capsules ovoidelongate, 1-1.3 cm long, light brown, glabrous; seeds reddish brown, ellipsoid, ca. 8 mm long, with a row of long silky hairs at the margins. Phenology: Apparently flowering and fruiting sporadically throughout the year. Status: Native, uncommon. Distribution: In thickets and disturbed areas in southern Puerto Rico. Also in Cuba, Hispaniola, Colombia, and Venezuela. Public forest: Guánica (according to Quevedo et al. 1990) and Maricao (according to Cedeño, 1991). 4. Ipomoea eggersii (House) D. F. Austin, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 64: 335. 1979. Fig. 65. D-E BASIONYM: Exogonium eggersii House SYNONYM: Ipomoea arenaria sensu Urb. Twining vine, slightly woody, much branched from the base, attaining 5 m in length, with abundant milky latex. Tuberous roots subglobose (resembling a beet). Stems cylindrical, slender, reddish brown, glabrous. Leaves alternate, clustered on short axillary branches; blades 6-15 × 4-13 mm, reniform, lyrate or lobed, chartaceous, glabrous, the apex retuse, mucronate, the base cordiform, truncate, or rounded, the margins sinuate; upper surface dark green, dull, glabrous, with the veins flat; lower surface pale green, with the midvein thick and prominent; petioles 5-30 mm long, glabrous, slender. Flowers solitary at the end of short branches; bracts oblong, minute. Calyx pale green, not accrescent, the sepals ovate to rounded, 5-6 mm long, glabrous, unequal; corolla infundibuliform, 4-5 cm long, the tube pale green outside, white inside, the limb pink or pale violet, 3-4 cm in diameter, with 5 obtuse lobes; stamens and stigmas white, not exserted. Capsules ellipsoid, ca. 1.5 cm long, light brown; seeds 4 per fruit, dark brown, ca. 6 mm long, with a tuft of long silky hairs at the margins. Phenology: Collected in flower from January to April and in fruit from January to March. Status: Native, rather common. Distribution: In thickets and coastal forests on Vieques, St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas, Tortola, Virgin Gorda, and Water Island; the Lesser Antilles. Commentary: Ipomoea eggersii seems to be closely related to I. steudelii, because both species share numerous morphological characters. The leaves and seeds are almost indistinguishable. However, the corollas of both species are drastically different and their distribution does not overlap: I. eggersii is distributed from the Virgin Islands to the Lesser Antilles, while I. steudelii is found on Culebra, Vieques, Puerto Rico, and probably in Hispaniola. 5. Ipomoea hederifolia L., Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 925. 1759. Fig. 65. F-H SYNONYM: Quamoclit coccinea sensu Urb.
Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands 167 Twining vine, slightly woody, attaining 5 m in length, with watery latex. Stems cylindrical, slender, glabrous. Leaves alternate; blades 4-13 × 4.5-11 cm, ovate or deeply 3-5-lobed, chartaceous, glabrous, the apex of the lobes acuminate, the base cordiform or sagittate; upper surface dark green, dull, glabrous, punctate, with the veins slightly prominent; lower surface pale green, with the primary and secondary veins prominent; petioles 4.5-9 cm long, glabrous, slender. Flowers in dichasial cymes with one-sided racemose branches. Calyx pale green, not accrescent, the sepals 5-8 mm long, lanceolate, aristate at the apex; corolla hypocrateriform, bright red or red-orange, 4-4.5 cm long, the limb ca. 2.5 cm in diameter, with 5 obtuse lobes, shallow; stamens and stigmas white or pink, exserted. Capsules globose, ca. 8 mm in diameter, the pericarp thin; seeds 4 per fruit, light brown, ca. 5 mm long, pubescent. Phenology: Collected in flower and fruit from October to January. Status: Apparently native, moderately common. Distribution: In thickets, forest margins, and disturbed areas of the coast or the interior of Puerto Rico. Also on Vieques, St. Croix, St. John, and St. Thomas; the Antilles, Central America, and South America, introduced in the Old World tropics. Public forest: Toro Negro. 6. Ipomoea horsfalliae W. Hook., Bot. Mag. t. 3315. 1854. Fig. 66. A-B Twining vine, slightly woody, attaining more than 10 m in length, with watery latex. Stems cylindrical, slender, glabrous. Leaves alternate, palmately compound; leaflets 5, elliptical, 5.5-10 × 1.6-2.7 cm (the central leaflet larger than the lateral ones), chartaceous or membranaceous, glabrous, the apex acuminate or long-acuminate, the base acute or acuminate; upper surface glabrous, with the midvein slightly prominent; lower surface glabrous, punctate, with a prominent midvein; petioles 4.5-6 cm long, glabrous, slender. Flowers in double dichasial cymes. Calyx with a reddish tinge, not accrescent, the sepals unequal, 7-10 mm long, elliptical to ovate, obtuse at the apex, the outer ones shorter than the inner ones; corolla infundibuliform, violet-red or bright pink, 4-6.3 cm long, the limb 3.5-4.5 cm in diameter, with 5 rounded lobes; stamens and stigmas not exserted. Capsules ellipsoid, ca. 8 mm in diameter, the pericarp thin; seeds 4 per fruit, light brown, ca. 5 mm long, glabrous. Phenology: Collected in flower from October to January. Status: Possibly exotic and naturalized, uncommon. Distribution: In moist forests of the Cordillera Central and in the zone of mogotes. This species was originally described based on material cultivated in the gardens at Kew, but of uncertain origin. The species is considered by some as native to Jamaica and introduced in other places due to its showy flowers. Public forests: Maricao and Toro Negro. Commentary: This species forms hybrids with I. repanda and produces plants with 5-digitate leaves and flowers very similar to those of I. repanda. These are cultivated throughout the tropics. 7. Ipomoea imperati (Vahl) Griseb., Cat. Pl. Cub. 203. 1866. Fig. 66. C-E BASIONYM: Convolvulus imperati Vahl SYNONYMS: Ipomoea stolonifera J. F. Gmel. Convolvulus littoralis L. Ipomoea littoralis (L.) Boiss, non Blume Erect herb or creeping or sometimes ascending vine, slightly woody, attaining 2 m in length, with milky latex. Stems cylindrical, slender, glabrous, producing adventitious roots in the area of the nodes. Leaves alternate, usually clustered on short axillary branches; blades simple, 2-10 × 1-2.5 cm, lanceolate, oblong, or deltoid, sometimes subsagittate, lyrate, or deeply trilobed, fleshy when fresh, chartaceous on drying, glabrous, the apex obtuse, rounded, or sometimes emarginate, mucronate, the base cuneiform, truncate, subcordiform to subsagittate; upper surface dull, glabrous, with the veins flat; lower surface glabrous, with the primary and secondary veins prominent; petioles 1-6.5 cm long, sulcate, pilose at the apex. Flowers solitary or in ascending dichasial cymes; peduncles 1.5-4.5 cm long. Calyx
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SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Contributio
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PREFACE To the future generation of
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Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto
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Acelga trepadora ..................
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Wild cucumber .....................
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Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands

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