Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands

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468 Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands pinnate (pinnado)- referring to a leaf whose leaflets are arranged along an elongate rachis pinnately lobed (pinnatilobado)- referring to a leaf whose lobes are pinnately arranged pinnatisect (pinnatisecto)- referring to a leaf that is pinnately divided pinnule (pínnulas)- a leaflet of a bipinnate or tripinnate leaf pistillate (pistilado)- referring to female flowers pistillode (pistilodio)- the rudimentary pistil of a male flower plumose (plumoso)- like a bird’s feather pollinium (polinio)- a mass of pollen grains, characteristic of the families Asclepiadaceae and Orchidaceae prismatic (prismático)- prism-shaped proleptic (proléptico)- referring to a phenomenon observed in the shoot system in which lateral bud growth is supressed by the dominance of the apical meristem, so that the lateral buds develop only after the main shoot has attained a certain degree of development or maturity prophyll (profilo)- a bud-scale on a lateral branch pseudanthium (pseudanto)- an inflorescence that resembles a single flower due to the manner in which its flowers are arranged, typical of the family Euphorbiaceae pseudoracime (pseudoracimo)- an simple, racemose inflorescence whose flowers are borne on protuberances along the rachis, typical of the subfamily Faboideae of the family Fabaceae or Leguminosae pseudostipule (pseudoestípula)- a structure that occupies the position of a stipule but of different origin, representing a prophyll or a basal leaflet that surrounds the stem puberulent (puberulento)- having short, scattered hairs pubescent (pubescente, velloso)- hairy pulviniform (pulviniforme)- shaped like a pulvinus pulvinus (pulvino)- a swollen structure in the form of a small pillow pyrene (pirenio)- the bony portion of a drupe that contains one or several seeds raceme (racimo)- a simple, elongated inflorescence with stalked flowers racemose (racemoso)- in the form of a raceme rachis (raquis)- in a compound leaf, an axis bearing the petiolules or leaflets; in an inflorescence, the primary or secondary axis that bears the flowers ray (radio)- a row of radially arranged parenchymatous cells found in xylem tissue reflexed (reflexo)- bent downward reniform (reniforme)- kidney-shaped reticulate (reticulado)- forming a network or reticulum retroflexed (retroflexo)- curved downward retuse (retuso)- with a small cut or crack revolute (revoluto)- with the margins curved toward the lower surface rhizome (rizoma)- an underground stem rhombus (rombo)- a quadrilateral whose sides are parallel and of the same length, and whose opposite angles are equal rotate (rotáceo)- wheel-shaped, referring to a gamopetalous corolla with a very short tube and an evident limb rugose (rugoso)- wrinkled rugulose (ruguloso)- diminutive of rugose samara (sámara)- a dry, winged, usually membranaceous fruit that is wind-dispersed sarmentose (sarmentoso)- with long, slender, flexible woody branches that can support themselves on nearby objects scabrid (escábrido)- diminutive of scabrous scabrous (escabroso)- having a rough texture scandent (escandente)- climbing schizocarp (esquizocarpo)- an indehiscent fruit whose carpels separate at maturity secondary growth (crecimiento secundario)- growth in diameter of stems or other axial structures segment (segmento)- a portion of a pinnatisect or pinnately lobed leaf that reaches the midvein septicidal (septicida)- opening along the septum septum (septo)- the wall that divides the carpels in a syncarpous gynoecium sericeous (seríceo)- covered with short, appressed hairs serrate (aserrado)- saw-like, with small, sharp, closely spaced teeth seta (seta)- a long, stiff hair setose (setoso)- having a pubescence of long, stiff hairs setulose (setuloso)- diminutive of setose sheath (vaina)- a broadened leaf base that partially or completely surrounds the stem upon which it is inserted sigmoid (sigmoide)- in the form of an ‘s’ sorus (soro)- a group of sporangia located on a fern frond spadix (espádice)- a simple inflorescence with a fleshy central axis, surrounded by a spathe spathe (espata)- an elongate bract that surrounds the inflorescence spathulate (espatulado)- spatula- or spoon-shaped spicate (espigado)- in the form of a spike spike (espiga)- a simple inflorescence with sessile flowers spikelet (espícula)- the basic inflorescence of the grasses, composed of a very short axis that bears two sterile bracts (called glumes) at the base, followed by the flowers sporangium (esporangio)- a structure that contains the spores of a plant spurred (espolonado)- bearing a spur or a more or less deep sac squamose (escuamoso)- covered with scales
Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands 469 squamulose (escuamuloso)- diminutive of squamose, covered with small scales staminate (estaminado)- relating to the stamens or the male flower staminode (estaminodio)- a sterile stamen, more or less modified standard (estandarte)- the upper and usually the largest petal in the corolla of members of the subfamily Faboideae of the family Fabaceae or Leguminosae stellate (estrellado)- bearing radially branched, starlike hairs stipe (estípite)- the petiole of a fern frond stipel (estipela)- a small appendage at the base of some leaflets stipule (estípula)- a small appendage at the base of some leaves striate (estriado)- having lines, ridges, or grooves on the surface strigose (estrigoso)- bearing straight, rigid, appressed hairs strigulose (estriguloso)- diminutive of strigose strobilus (estróbilo)- a structure with a central axis bearing a group of bracts, which in turn bear or subtend seeds or spores subinvolucral (subinvolucral)- in a position below the involucre, referring to bracts that do not form part of the involucre subulate (subulado)- narrowing toward the apex and terminating in a fine point sulcate (sulcado)- furrowed supernumerary (supernumerario)- numerous suture (sutura)- the concrescent margin of the carpels syconium, syconus (sicono)- a fruit composed of a hollow, rounded or pear-shaped receptacle with an apical aperture; within the receptacle are found the flowers and later the fruitlets sympodial (simpódico)- referring to a growth pattern in which the principal axis shows determinate growth and, as a result, is displaced by an axillary or lateral axis syncarpous (sincarpo, sincárpico)- referring to ovaries whose carpels are fused tendril (zarcillo)- a touch-sensitive organ by means of which a vine holds on to its source of support tepal (tépalo)- members of a floral whorl that cannot be distinguished as either sepals or petals due to their similarity or position ternate (ternado)- refers to a leaf blade that is divided into three leaflets thyrse (tirso)- an inflorescence whose principal axis shows indeterminate growth but whose lateral units are cymose, i.e., with determinate growth thyrsoid (tirsoide)- in the form of a thyrse tomentose (tomentoso)- densely covered with short, simple or branched, interwoven hairs tracheid (traquea)- an imperforate xylem element whose principal function is the conduction of water, but which also functions in structural support translator (translator)- in some members of the family Asclepiadaceae, an organ that serves to transfer the pollen from one flower to another by means of insects; it is composed of the gland or clip (corpusculum) and the translator arms (retinacula or connectives) that hold the pollinia trichome (tricoma)- a hair trifid (trífido)- divided into three more or less equal parts tripinnate (tripinnada)- thrice pinnate triternate (triternado)- thrice ternate, resulting in 27 leaflets, cf. ternate and biternate truncate (truncado)- with the end transversally flat, as though it had been cut off tuberculate (tuberculado)- with tubercles, i.e., more or less rounded protruberances turbinate (turbinado)- in the form of an inverted cone unicarpellate (unicarpelado)- with only one carpel uncinate (uncinado)- claw-shaped undulate (ondulado)- wavy, referring to the margin of a laminar organ unguiculate (unguiculado)- referring to petals with the basal portion very narrow, like a claw urceolate (urceolado)- urn-shaped utricle (utrículo)- a dry, indehiscent, syncarpous, oneseeded fruit, enclosed by a bladder composed of the concrescent prophylls vascular cylinder (cilindro vascular)- the portion of the stem composed of xylem, cambium, and phloem ventral suture (sutura ventral)- a suture opposite the midvein xylem vessel (vaso xilemático)- a perforated xylem element specialized for water conduction vine (bejuco)- a plant that climbs by means of active mechanisms or specialized structures voluble (voluble)- twining, by means of stems that are capable of spiral movement or circumnutation, which can be toward the right or the left, depending on the species wing (ala)- an elongate, membranaceous structure zygomorphic (zigomorfa)- having bilateral symmetry, i.e., with only one plane of symmetry
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SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Contributio
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PREFACE To the future generation of
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Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto
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Page 417 and 418: Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto
Page 467: Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto
Page 481 and 482: Acelga trepadora ..................
Page 483: Wild cucumber .....................
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Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands

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