Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands

More documents

Recommendations

Info

258 Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands the base obtuse or rounded; petiolules 2-5 mm long, pilose; petioles 4.5-10.5 cm long, uncinatepubescent, striate; rachis 1-6 mm long, pilose, canaliculate; stipules ovate to lanceolate, 5-10 mm long, deciduous; stipels filiform, ca. 2 mm long. Inflorescences of axillary racemes, erect, 30-45 cm long, the axis pubescent, dark brown, with flowers paired along its length; pedicels 12-17 mm long. Calyx purple, campanulate, ca. 2 mm long, pilose; corolla pink or pale violet, ca. 4 mm long. Legume uncinate-pubescent, 0.7-1(2) cm long, crenate on the ventral suture, with (1)2(3) fertile segments. Seeds ca. 3.5 mm long, oblongelliptical, light brown. Phenology: Collected in flower and fruit from January to August. Status: Native, rather common. Distribution: On the ground in dry to moist forests and in areas of disturbed vegetation along the Cordillera Central. Also on St. Croix; distributed throughout the Antilles, Central and South America. Public Forests: El Yunque, Guilarte, Maricao, Río Abajo, and Toro Negro. Key to the varieties in Puerto Rico 1a. Leaflets acute or acuminate at the apex....... 2 1b. Leaflets obtuse… D. axillare var. axillare 2a. Plants densely pubescent ........………………. .…………… D. axillare var. acutifolium 2b. Plants puberulent..........…………………… ........…………. D. axillare var. stoloniferum 2. Desmodium incanum DC., Prodr. 2: 332. 1825. Fig. 103. D-G SYNONYM: Hedysarum canum J.F. Gmel. Desmodium canum (J.F. Gmel.) Schinz & Thell. Hedysarum supinum Sw. Meibomia supina (Sw.) Britton Decumbent or scandent herb, much branched from the woody base, attainig 1-1.5 m in length. Stems more or less cylindrical, appressedpubescent or pilose, glabrescent with age. Leaves alternate, trifoliolate; leaflets 3-9 × 0.8-3.8 cm, elliptical, oblong, ovate, lanceolate, or exceptionally rounded, chartaceous, involute, the apex obtuse or acute, mucronate, the base obtuse or rounded, the margins entire; upper surface dark green, puberulent; lower surface grayish green, strigulose, with prominent venation; petiolules 1.5-3 mm long, pilose; petioles 0.7-3 cm long, pilose, canaliculate; rachis 3-10 mm long, pilose, canaliculate; stipules ovate to lanceolate, 6-10 mm long, persistent; stipels minute, subulate. Inflorescences of terminal pseudoracemes, 10-18 cm long, pubescent; bracts minute, persistent. Calyx green, campanulate, 2.5-3 mm long, strigulose; corolla pink or pink-violet, the standard ovate, 5-6 mm long, retuse, unguiculate at the base, the wings and the keel as long as the standard. Legume uncinate-pubescent, 2-4 cm long, crenate on the ventral suture, with 5-8 fertile segments. Seeds 2.5-3.5 mm long, oblongelliptical, light brown. Phenology: Flowering and fruiting throughout the year. Status: Apparently native, very common. Distribution: In the understory of dry to moist forests and in areas of disturbed vegetation. Also on Mona, Vieques, St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas, Tortola, and Virgin Gorda; distributed throughout the tropics as a weed. Public Forests: El Yunque, Guajataca, Guánica, Maricao, Mona, Río Abajo, and Susúa. 3. Desmodium intortum (Mill.) Urb., Symb. Antill. 8: 292. 1920. Fig. 103. H-M BASIONYM: Hedysarum intortum Mill. Decumbent or ascendent herb, branched from the base, attainig 3 m in length. Stems trigonal, densely covered with uncinate hairs. Leaves alternate, trifoliolate; leaflets 4-7 × 2-5 cm, ovate, broadly ovate, or elliptical, chartaceous, the apex obtuse or acute, the base rounded, the margins entire; upper surface dark green, strigulose; lower surface pale green, more or less strigose, with prominent venation; petiolules 2.5-3 mm long, densely pilose; petioles 2-3.5 cm long, pilose, striate; rachis ca. 5 mm long, pilose; stipules ovate, acuminate, ca. 7 mm long, deciduous; stipels minute, subulate. Inflorescences of terminal or axillary pseudoracemes, uncinatepubescent. Calyx green, campanulate, puberulent, the tubular portion ca. 3 mm long, the inner sepal ca. 3.5 mm long, lanceolate, the rest ca. 1.5 mm long, deltate; corolla pink-violet, the standard ca.
Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands 259 9 mm long, retuse at the apex, unguiculate at the base, the wings and the keel as long as the standard. Legume uncinate-pubescent, ca. 2.5 cm long, crenate on both margins, with 6-11 fertile segments. Phenology: Collected in flower and fruit during January and February. 9. DIOCLEA Status: Native, relatively common. Distribution: On the edges of forests along the Cordillera Central. Also in Hispaniola and Jamaica; southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America to Peru. Public Forest: Toro Negro. Woody vines, twining, occasionally erect subshrubs. Leaves alternate, trifoliolate; stipels minute; stipules conspicuous, persistent, or absent. Inflorescences of axillary pseudoracemes, fasciculate, the flowers grouped on the swellings along the rachis; bracts and bracteoles minute, deciduous. Calyx campanulate, with 4 lobes, the upper lobe entire or emarginate; corolla purple or rarely white, the standard reflexed, emarginate, auriculate and usually with 2 callosities at the base, the wings free, sometimes spurred, the keel distally fused, rostrate; stamens 10, pseudomonadelphous; ovary superior, villous, stipitate or sessile, with 1 or more ovules, the style flattened or cylindrical, the stigma capitate, terminal or subterminal. Fruit a linear, oblong, obovate, or almost circular legume, compressed or turgid, coriaceous or woody, dehiscent or indehiscent; seeds large, compressed to globose, with a linear, elongate hilum. A genus of about 55 species, distributed throughout the tropics, with the greater number of species in South America. 1. Dioclea reflexa Hook. f., Niger Fl. 306. 1849. Fig. 104. A-H Bejuco de mato, Maya prieta Woody vine, twining, attainig 10 m in length. Stems pilose, cylindrical, glabrescent when mature, attaining 1 cm in diameter. Leaves alternate, trifoliolate; leaflets 7-16 × 5-10.5 cm (the terminal leaflet larger than the lateral ones), elliptical or less frequently oblong, chartaceous, the apex rounded, usually terminating in a short apiculus, the base rounded, unequal on the lateral leaflets, the margins entire or undulate, slightly revolute; upper surface green, dull, punctate, strigulose, especially on the midvein, the lateral veins sunken; lower surface pale green, dull, strigulose, with prominent pilose venation; petiolules thickened, 5-6 mm long, pilose; stipels 8-10 mm long, linear; petioles 7-9 cm long, sulcate, pilose, with the base thickened; stipules subulate, ca. 1 cm long, sericeous. Inflorescences of axillary or terminal pseudoracemes; rachis ca. 40 cm long, thick, woody, sericeous; flowers in groups of three on each of the nodal swellings along the rachis; bracts subulate, ca. 1.5 cm long, reflexed, sericeous. Calyx ca. 1.5 cm long, ferruginous-strigulose, with five lobes, one of which is lanceolate and longer, the rest ovate; corolla cardinal red or violet, the standard ca. 1.2 cm long, with the center whitish inside, the wings and the keel unguiculate, as long as the standard. Legume 10-15 × 5-6 cm, oblong, laterally compressed between the seeds, densely pubescent, glabrescent on drying, the margins thickened. Seeds 1-3, circular, 2-3.5 cm long, brown with a black hilum along 2/3 - 3/4 of the circumference. Phenology: Collected in flower from October to December and in fruit from January to March. Status: Native, uncommon. Distribution: In forests and pastures at lower or middle elevations. Also in Cuba, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Central America, South America, and tropical western Africa. Public Forest: El Yunque. Commentary: In this work I follow Maxwell (1999), who considers D. reflexa as a species distinct from the Asian species, D. hexandra (Ralph) Mabberley. The seeds of D. reflexa superficially resemble those of Mucuna urens, since they are of similar size and both possess a hilum that covers a large portion of its circumference. Nevertheless, the seeds of D. reflexa are distinguished from those of the latter species by their light brown color with brown spots (vs. uniformly reddish brown) and by the presence of a dark brown hilum (vs. a black hilum).
Page 1 and 2:
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Contributio
Page 3:
PREFACE To the future generation of
Page 7 and 8:
Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto
Page 9 and 10:
Page 11 and 12:
Page 13 and 14:
Page 15 and 16:
Page 17 and 18:
Page 19 and 20:
Page 21 and 22:
Page 23 and 24:
Page 25 and 26:
Page 27 and 28:
Page 29 and 30:
Page 31 and 32:
Page 33 and 34:
Page 35 and 36:
Page 37 and 38:
Page 39 and 40:
Page 41 and 42:
Page 43 and 44:
Page 45 and 46:
Page 47 and 48:
Page 49 and 50:
Page 51 and 52:
Page 53 and 54:
Page 55 and 56:
Page 57 and 58:
Page 59 and 60:
Page 61 and 62:
Page 63 and 64:
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
Page 69 and 70:
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177 and 178:
Page 179 and 180:
Page 181 and 182:
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
Page 187 and 188:
Page 189 and 190:
Page 191 and 192:
Page 193 and 194:
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203 and 204:
Page 205 and 206:
Page 207 and 208: Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto
Page 257: Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto
Page 309 and 310:
Page 311 and 312:
Page 313 and 314:
Page 315 and 316:
Page 317 and 318:
Page 319 and 320:
Page 321 and 322:
Page 323 and 324:
Page 325 and 326:
Page 327 and 328:
Page 329 and 330:
Page 331 and 332:
Page 333 and 334:
Page 335 and 336:
Page 337 and 338:
Page 339 and 340:
Page 341 and 342:
Page 343 and 344:
Page 345 and 346:
Page 347 and 348:
Page 349 and 350:
Page 351 and 352:
Page 353 and 354:
Page 355 and 356:
Page 357 and 358:
Page 359 and 360:
Page 361 and 362:
Page 363 and 364:
Page 365 and 366:
Page 367 and 368:
Page 369 and 370:
Page 371 and 372:
Page 373 and 374:
Page 375 and 376:
Page 377 and 378:
Page 379 and 380:
Page 381 and 382:
Page 383 and 384:
Page 385 and 386:
Page 387 and 388:
Page 389 and 390:
Page 391 and 392:
Page 393 and 394:
Page 395 and 396:
Page 397 and 398:
Page 399 and 400:
Page 401 and 402:
Page 403 and 404:
Page 405 and 406:
Page 407 and 408:
Page 409 and 410:
Page 411 and 412:
Page 413 and 414:
Page 415 and 416:
Page 417 and 418:
Page 419 and 420:
Page 421 and 422:
Page 423 and 424:
Page 425 and 426:
Page 427 and 428:
Page 429 and 430:
Page 431 and 432:
Page 433 and 434:
Page 435 and 436:
Page 437 and 438:
Page 439 and 440:
Page 441 and 442:
Page 443 and 444:
Page 445 and 446:
Page 447 and 448:
Page 449 and 450:
Page 451 and 452:
Page 453 and 454:
Page 455 and 456:
Page 457 and 458:
Page 459 and 460:
Page 461 and 462:
Page 463 and 464:
Page 465 and 466:
Page 467 and 468:
Page 469 and 470:
Page 471 and 472:
Page 473 and 474:
Page 475 and 476:
Page 477 and 478:
Page 479 and 480:
Page 481 and 482:
Acelga trepadora ..................
Page 483:
Wild cucumber .....................
show all

Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?