Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands

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328 Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands 5a. Plants tomentose; flowers in groups of 2-6, axillary; petals linear, ca. 3.5 mm long; fruits depressedglobose ....................………………………………………………………..…7. P. multiflora 5b. Plants puberulent or glabrous; flowers solitary or in pairs, axillary; petals absent; fruits ovoid or ellipsoid......................………………………….……………………………...… 13. P. suberosa 6a. Bracts of the involucre connate in the lower ½; leaves with three main veins that are borne almost from the base ...........................……….…………………………………………… 6. P. maliformis 6b. Bracts of the involucre free to the base; leaves pinnately veined ..………… 5. P. laurifolia 7a. Leaves with the lateral lobes divergent, as long as or longer than the central lobe (apex of the leaf), the leaf then bilobate or with the apex truncate or retuse. …………………...........…… 8 7b. Leaves with the central lobe longer than the lateral lobes…………………………..…… 12 8a. Leaves with the lateral lobes projecting well beyond the apex. ………………….……….9 8b. Leaves with the lateral lobes as long as the central lobe (the apex), or slightly longer. ....10 9a. Lateral lobes ca. 3 times longer than the central lobe (apex of the leaf), forming an angle of divergence of 45-93°; corolla green ……….…...………………………........… 2. P. bilobata 9b. Lateral lobes 1.5-2 times longer than the central lobe, forming an angle of divergence of 108-160°; corolla brilliant red ……………………………………………............. 8. P. murucuja 10a. Leaf cordiform at the base; flowers < 2.5 cm in diameter, the sepals green, the petals white……………………………………………………………………………………........… 11 10b. Leaf rounded or cuneate at the base; flowers ca. 5 cm in diameter, the sepals and petals pink-violet ........................….………………………..………..………………………………........ 14. P. tulae 11a. Flowers solitary; sepals 2-2.5 cm long; fruit dehiscent, pyriform, reddish when ripe, ca. 2 cm in diameter ……………..……………………………………………….......... 10. P. rubra 11b. Flowers grouped in axillary cymes; sepals ca. 1.5 cm long; fruit indehiscent, depressed-globose, purple when ripe, 5-8 mm in diameter ...……………………..….......… 12. P. sexflora 12a. Leaves with margins serrate…………………………………………………..………....… 13 12b. Leaves with margins entire or undulate ……………………………….......….. 13. P. suberosa 13a. Leaves lobate-digitate, with 7 deep lobes; petioles with two pairs of stipitate, conical glands …………………….…………………………………….................….… 11. P. serrato-digitata 13b. Leaves trilobate; petioles with a pair of prominent sessile glands or lacking glands .....….. 14 14a. Plant pilose, foul-smelling; stipules laciniate, with numerous marginal glands; petioles lacking glands; bracts of the involucre deeply laciniate, with marginal glands; fruits ovoid, 2-2.5 cm long, orange when ripe ...............................…………………………………….….....…… 4. P. foetida 14b. Plant glabrous, not foul-smelling; stipules filiform, without glands; bracts of the involucre ovate, not laciniate; fruits ovoid, 5-7 cm long, yellow when ripe........………………......... 3. P. edulis 1. Passiflora berteroana DC., Prodr. 3: 325. 1828. Fig. 132. A-D Herbaceous vine, attainig 1.5-4 m in length and climbs by means of axillary tendrils. Stems slender, angular, striate, glabrous. Leaves alternate or grouped on short axillary branches, trifoliolate, the leaflets usually deeply trilobate, 1.2-3.0 × 2.0-4.0 cm, the lobes spathulate, the apices truncate and mucronate, the base cuneate, the margin undulate, revolute; upper surface glabrous; lower surface glabrous, with prominent
Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands 329 venation; petioles 2-3(6) mm long, canaliculate, without glands; stipules subulate, 2.5-4 mm long; tendrils simple, filamentous. Flowers axillary, solitary or in pairs; the bracts subulate, alternate, not forming an involucre; peduncle 8-11 mm long, articulated near the apex. Sepals subulate, green or whitish, 6-7 mm long; petals pale green or whitish, subulate, ca. 3 mm long; corona of two series of filiform filaments, the outer ones longer, yellowish, the inner ones much shorter than the outer ones, green; gynophore ca. 3 mm long, tubular; stamens 5; ovary ellipsoid, the styles recurved, the stigmas capitate. Fruit a fleshy berry, globose (fide Liogier, 1994), ca. 7 mm in diameter. Phenology: Collected in flower in September and December. Status: Native, extremely rare. Distribution: Known from two collections from Guánica, in dry forests and thickets of the south coast. Also in Hispaniola. Public Forest: Guánica. 2. Passiflora bilobata Juss., Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 6: 107. 1805. Fig. 132. E-I Herbaceous vine, attainig 0.5-2 m in length and climbs by means of axillary tendrils. Stems slender, angular, striate, glabrous or puberulent. Leaves alternate, in the form of a horseshoe or a ‘v’, with three main veins, coriaceous, with two divergent lobes, forming an angle of 45-93° between the, the lobes oblanceolate, oblong, or linear, 2.2-6.5 × 0.4-1.4 cm, with rounded or acuminate apices, the base cuneate or rounded, the margin undulate, revolute; upper surface puberulent; lower surface glabrous, with prominent venation; petioles 3-5 mm long, canaliculate, without glands; stipules filiform, ca. 4 mm long; tendrils simple, filamentous. Flowers axillary, in pairs; the bracts subulate, not forming an involucre; peduncle ca. 10 mm long, articulated near the apex. Sepals oblong, green, 4-6 mm long; petals pale green, oblong, as long as the sepals; corona of two series of filiform filaments, pale green, as long as the sepals; gynophore ca. 2 mm long, tubular; stamens 5; ovary claviform, the styles recurved, the stigmas capitate. Fruit a fleshy berry, ovoid or globose, 1-1.4 cm long, almost black, dull. Seeds numerous, elliptical, ca. 2.3 mm long, with transverse striae. Phenology: Collected in flower in October and January and in fruit in January. Status: Native, uncommon. Distribution: In dry forests and thickets of the south coast. Also in Hispaniola. Public Forest: Guánica, Maricao, and Susúa. 3. Passiflora edulis Sims, Bot. Mag. 45: t. 1989. 1818. Fig. 133. A-G Parcha, Water lemon, Passion fruit. Woody vine, glabrous, attainig 5-10 m in length and climbs by means of axillary tendrils. Stems cylindrical, attaining 2 cm in diameter. Leaves alternate, glabrous, coriaceous, 7-12 × 9- 15 cm, deeply trilobate, the lobes oblong or elliptical, the apex acute, the base cordiform, the margins serrate; upper surface dark green, slightly shiny, with the venation yellowish; lower surface pale green, with prominent venation; petioles 3- 6 cm long, with a pair of prominent sessile glands in the area where they join the blade; stipules filiform, ca. 5 mm long; tendrils simple. Flowers solitary, pendulous, axillary, subtended by an involucre of 3 ovate bracts, ca. 2 cm long; peduncle 4-6 cm long. Sepals oblong, green, whitish on the inner surface, 3-3.5 cm long; petals oblong, white on the inner surface, 2.5-3 cm long; corona with two series of appendages, with violet bands; gynophore green, ovoid, lobate, 5-7 mm long; stamens 5; ovary ellipsoid, green, the styles slightly reflexed, the stigmas capitate. Fruit ovoid, 5-7 cm long, yellow when ripe, the pericarp coriaceous, thick. Seeds numerous, black, elliptical, foveate, ca. 5 mm long, covered with a juicy orange matrix. Phenology: Flowering from April to October and fruiting from June to December. Status: Exotic, cultivated and naturalized, very common. Distribution: In disturbed areas of secondary vegetation. Native to South America, but cultivated throughout the tropics for its edible fruits. Public Forests: El Yunque, Maricao, Río Abajo, Susúa, and Toro Negro.
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SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Contributio
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PREFACE To the future generation of
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Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto
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Acelga trepadora ..................
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Wild cucumber .....................
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Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands

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