A guide for planners and managers - IUCN

xx MARINE AND COASTAL
PROTECTED AREAS
1.6 Design Principles for Coral Reef Protected Areas 173
1.7 Design Guidelines for Coral Reef Protected Areas 174
1.8 Sizes of Coral Reef Protected Areas 179
1.9 Estimating the Number of Coral Genera and Subgenera 181
1.10 Estimating Critical Minimum Core Area 183
2. Protected Areas for Lagoons and Estuaries 185
2.1 Definitions 186
2.2 Values 186
2.3 The Need for Protection 190
2.4 Management Concepts 196
2.5 Design of the Marine Protected Area 198
2.6 Identifying Critical Habitats 198
2.7 Delineating the Zone of Influence 201
2.8 General Information Needs 203
2.9 Design Principles 205
2.10 Design and Management Guidelines 206
3. Protected Areas for Small Islands 209
3.1 An Overview of Islands 210
3.2 Threats to Island Habitats from Human Activities 214
3.3 Site Selection and Island Biogeography Theory 214
3.4 General Principles and Premises 216
3.5 Design Guidelines and Considerations 219
3.6 Management Guidelines 224
4. Protected Areas for Beaches 231
4.1 Values 231
4.2 Beach Dynamics 232
4.3 Beach Protection 234
4.4 Sand Dunes 235
4.5 Barrier Islands 238
4.6 Design and Management Guidelines Summary 238
Part III Case Histories of Protected Areas 243