A guide for planners and managers - IUCN

10 MARINE AND COASTAL
PROTECTED AREAS
Photo by John Clark.
Photo by John Clark.
Reactive management alone is insufficient to safeguard the values of coastal
and marine habitats and species under such pressures. Broad proactive programmes
of management which seek to
FIGURE 7.
deal comprehensively with
marine conservation are needed.
Whereas the impact of carefully
planned development can be
minimal, poorly planned
development projects may exact
a heavy toll on naturally productive
coastal habitats (Figure
8). Destructive activities must
be contained and ecologically
critical areas protected, difficult
tasks for an MPA manager acting
alone.
Occupation of the shoreline of the Isla Comprida Estuary, Brazil.
The solution for MPA
siting is to ensure that development impacts are controlled by a wider programme
which is authorized to combat pollution and habitat damage in the Coastal Zone
FIGURE 8.
surrounding the MPA site. This
can best be done by officially
nesting the MPA into a Coastal
Zone Management jurisdiction
with powers to control
development impacts (see
Section I-5).
Shrimp farms took over mangrove areas in Bali, Indonesia, causing
loss of natural production.