A guide for planners and managers - IUCN

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The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN or of sponsoring organizations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers and boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of IUCN or the sponsors of this publication. This publication has been made possible in part by funding from the US Agency for International Development, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, and the Edith and Curtis Munson Foundation. Published by: IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK Copyright: © 2000, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the copyright holder. Citation: R.V. Salm, John Clark, and Erkki Siirila (2000). Marine and Coastal Protected Areas: A guide for planners and managers. IUCN. Washington DC. xxi + 371pp. ISBN: 2-8317-0540-1 Layout and printing by Editions MultiMondes Printed in Canada Available from: IUCN Publications Services Unit 219c Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK Tel: +44 1223 277894, fax +44 1223 277175 E-mail: info@books.iucn.org www.iucn.org/bookstore/index.html And from: IUCN Marine Programme 1630 Connecticut Ave NW Washington DC 20009-1053 USA Tel: ++01 202 387 4826, fax 4823 E-mail oceans@iucnus.org The text of this book is printed on recycled and acid free paper.
Foreword ve always taken comfort in the ocean. It embodies constancy in a world of I’ uncertainty and change. Like many drawn to the ocean, however, I’ve come to realize that what we thought to be immutable does change, and is fragile. We’ve observed ocean ecosystems under assault, from over-development of the coastal zone, overfishing, over-enthusiastic coastal tourism, and from our naïve belief that the ocean would absorb anything we could throw into it. Almost twenty years ago at the Third World Parks Congress in Bali, Indonesia, Rodney Salm and others assembled a seminal group of experts on the management of the coastal ocean to discuss what was then a relatively new concept; marine protected areas. The first edition of Coastal and Marine Protected Areas: guidelines for planners and managers, was the product of that meeting. This book presented a banquet of ideas for those concerned with conservation of the marine environment. Thanks to its cover, it came to be known as the “Orange Book”. In the course of the intervening years, the Orange Book has remained surprisingly fresh and current, and in demand, even long after it has gone out of print. As a Peace Corps volunteer in West Africa in the mid 1980s, I advised the government of Sierra Leone on protected area development. The Orange Book was my companion and guide, even in terrestrial contexts, because it captured the social context for protected area planning and management better than anything else available to me. Only time will tell if the engagement with communities based in part on lessons from the book will pay off in conservation terms, but those of us who have been on the front lines of conservation know that there is no better hope. Partly because of the desire to capture some of the experiences since the last edition, and partly to take the strain off of IUCN’s photocopiers, Rod Salm and John Clark have graciously agreed to undertake a major revision of the Orange Book,
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Page 13: Acknowledgements This book largely
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PART I The Roles of Protected Areas
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Selection of Marine Protected Areas
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PART I Selection of Marine Protecte
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Table I-3. Model Habitat/Ecosystem
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4.5 Social Criteria Social and cult
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4.6 Economic Criteria Economic bene
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Institutional and Legal Framework M
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6.2 Diagnosis PART I Institutional
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Box I-16. Historical Rights PART I
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PART I Institutional and Legal Fram
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Box I-17. Funding MPAs through “B
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Box I-19: The Galapagos Ley Especia
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Protected Areas for Coral Reefs Cor
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PART II Protected Areas for Coral R
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FIGURE II-4. PART II Protected Area
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into the sea (Salm, 1981a). After t
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1.4 Global Status of Coral Reef Pro
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Table II-4: Diversity of Corals on
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Mangroves, lagoons, Introduce disso
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Protected Areas for Lagoons and Est
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PART II Protected Areas for Lagoons
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Wetlands provide opportunities for
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Pollution can be very serious, caus
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2.8 General Information Needs PART
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- Management plans for lagoons/estu
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Review of Highlights of the Case Hi
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PART III Case Histories of Marine P
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Box III-1. The Relationship between
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Negative lessons learned: High comm
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Background PART III Case Histories
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The start of the SMMA PART III Case
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Establishment of Ngeruangel Reserve
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Problem PART III Case Histories of
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The Initial Process PART III Case H
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1. Involving women in assessment an
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PART IV References Agardy, T.S. Mar
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PART IV References Davis-Case, D. 1
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PART IV References Hamilton, L. S.,
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PART IV References McNeely, J.A. 19
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PART IV References Saenger, P., E.
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PART IV References Terborgh, J. 197
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A guide for planners and managers - IUCN

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