Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis - Legacy Tobacco ...

196 1989 EMS Abstracts
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.$c~ .-{~im id's Micromuel~eu.cs Test . Nine to 10 weeks old Strong A male mice were
separately treated i,p with 2 mutacarcinogens : dimethylnitrosamine(DMN),
10 mg per kg_$_V,_~mitomycin C (mito C),3 mg per kg BW . An hour after
injection of the mutacarcinogens,pheno,90 *g per kg BW and sac,2 .S gm per
kg BW were given to the animals treated with mutacarcinogens via the
same route . Pheno was injected to the DMN-treated group and sac to the
group receiving mito C . Bone marrow cells from femora of animals were
isolated using fetal calf serum for suspension . Cells were collected by
low speed centrifugation and smears prepared . Slides were stained using
May Grunwald-Giemsa stain, Animals that received pheno and sac after injection
with mutacarcinogens showed -inereased production of micronuclei .
The mito C-sac combination showed peak micronuclei formation when sac was
given 3h after injection of mito C . Statistical analysis showed significance
at p= .05 . Results agree with earlier studies showing increased germ
cell toxicity of DMN and mito C after treatment with pheno and sac . Both
findings suggest that pheno and sac could exert their cancer-promoting
actions by enhancing the mutagenicity of mutacarcinogens in somatic as
well as germ cells . Whether all cancer promoters act in like manner
remains to be seen,
GENOTOXIC ACTIVITIES OF 3-CHLOROPROPIONIC ACID AND RELATED COMPOUNDS
M . SZEGEDI
http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/clb93d00/pdf
Chemical Works of Gedeon Richter Ltd . Microbiological Research Laboratory
H-1475 Budapest, 10 . P .O .B . 27 . Hungary
The 3-cloropropionic acid (3CPA) has a strong genetoxic activity
in Salmonella typhimurium TA 1535 nd TA 100 strains . We have tested
a group of chemicals - withouth metabolic activation - in the E .coli
SOS chromotest . They were similar to 3CPA different in the lenght of
the carbon chain and the subtituens as follows : propionic acid,
propionyl chloride, 2-chloropropionic acid, 3-chloropropionic acid,
2-chloropropionyl chloride, 3-chloropropionyl chloride, chloroacetic
acid, 2-chioropropane, 1-chlorobutane, 4-chloro-l-butanol, 1-chloropropane,
1-chloro-2-propanol, 3-chloro-propionitrile,
3-chloropropionitrile . The experiments were carried out in BIOSCREEN
Analyzing System using BIDSOS program (LABSYSTEMS Ltd .) . Positive
response was given only by 3CPA and 3-chlorpropionY1 chloride
suggesting that C1-CH2-CH2C0- is resposible for activity .
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EVALUATION OF THE CLASTOGENIC ACTIVITY OF ROCBAGAN (BENZNIDAZOLE) IN
MAMMALIAN SYSTEMS .C .S .Takahashi,S .C .Souaa and S .J .Santos, F .F .C .L .R .P .,
USp and F .M .R .P .,USP,Ribeirao Preto,Sao Paulo,Brazil .
Rochagan, a drug whose active compound is benznidazole(N-benzil-2 ni
tro-l-imidazolacetamida), is used for the treatment of Chagas'disease
and has been effective as a trypanosomicide . The drug was tested for
clastogenic activity in Wistar rats treated by gavage at doses of 50 to
1000 mg/kg body weight administered three times at 8 h intervals and in
human lymphocyte cultures at doses of 250 pg/ml culture medium .Six rats
were used in each treatment and sacrificed 6, 12 and 18 h after the
last treatment . One hundred bone marrow metaphase cells per animal were
analyzed for chromosome aberrations,showing frequencies similar to control
values for all treatments (0 .30 to 1 .66Z) . For the in vitro test,
blood was obtained from 5 healthy donors and benznidazole wasa ded at
the beginning of culture .One hundred metapbases per individual were ana
lyzed for chromosome aberrations and 50 metaphases for SCE . The frequen
cies of chromosome aberrations and SCE were 3 .2x and 8 .01 SCE/cell in
control cultures and of 62 and 13 .89 SCE/cell in treated cultures .A
slight increase in SCE was observed in the treated group .The lack of
positive results could be explained by the absence of reduction products
. These reactive metabolites were observed under anaerobic conditions
which does not occur in the systems used .
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