Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis - Legacy Tobacco ...

82 1989 EMS Abstracts
Notes Research supported by National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM 09901) and by an
Outstanding Investigator Award from the National Cancer Institute (CA 44349) . References: Bohr VA,
Phillips DH, Hanawalt PC, Cancer Res 47 :6426 . 1987 ; Hanawalt PC, Environ Health Pers 76 :9, 1987;
Mellon I, Spivak G, Hanawalt PC, Cell 31 :241, 1987 ; Vos J-M, Hanawalt PC, Cell 30 :1789, 1987;
Scicchitano DS, Hanawalt PC, Proc Nail Acad Se! USA : in press; Ho L, Bohr VA, Hanawalt PC, Mo!
Cellu 8iol: in press.
http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/clb93d00/pdf
233
ANTAGONISTIC EFFECT OF ASPARAGIIS ON DPIIi-INDUCED NICRONUCLEI AND APOPTOSIS IN THE COLON
CRYPT CELLS OF NICE . S . Hanxiao, Z . Qingfan, A . Yuhui, F . Shuli, D . Guirong, Y . Bin,
and W . Yongjun . Dept . of Pathology, Henan Medical Univ ., Zhengzhou, Henan, P .R . China .
The effect of asparagus on micronuclei and apoptosis in the colon crypt epithelial
cells of mouse induced by Dimethylhydrazina (Dt41) was studied . Four groups (5 mice/group)
were intraperitoneally injected with D141 solution, among which three groups were treated
with oral liquid asparagus in the volume of 0 .1, 0 .5 or 1 ml per mouse, respectively, by
stomach intubation one hour prior to injection . The fifth group was injected with 1mM
EDTA intraperitoneally as the control . Twenty four hours after injection, all animals
were sacrificed . The maximum number of micronuclei and apoptosis were observed in the
DMH alone group . All three groups of oral liquid asparagus mice had lower incidence of
micronuclei and apoptosis than Dt4t alone treated animals, and showed a positive doseeffect
relationship . The results indicated that asparagus has antagonistic effect on the
mutagenicity of colonic carcinogens .
TABLE . Number of Micronuclei and Apoptosis in Colon Crypt Cells (p < 0 .01)
Mean M of lt .A_/ Mean N of lK .A ./
Cx=t of Each Nouse Crypt of Each Grouo
Crouv 1 2 3 4 5
DMH 4 .05 3 .80 3 .50 4 .15 4 .45 3 .99
1 ml 0 .80 0 .70 0 .70 1 .00 0 .60 0 .76
0 .5 ml 1 .90 1 .85 1 .15 1 .35 1 .50 1 .55
0 .1 ml 2 .85 2 .30 3 .20 2 .55 2 .65 2 .71
EDTA 0 .45 0 .30 0 .65 0 .35 0 .45 0 .42
234
MUTAGENICITY STUDIES ON FENITROTHION IN BACTERIA AND MAMMALIAN CELLS .
M . Hara, S . Kogiso, F . Yamada, M . Kawamoto, A . Yoshitake and J .
Miyamoto, Biochemistry and Toxicology Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical
Co ., Ltd ., Osaka, Japan .
The mutagenicity of fenitrothion was determined in strains of
Salmonella ~t h~imurium and Escherichia coli . Fenitrothion was found to
be non-mutagenic in Salmone la t mur~um strains of TA98, TA1535 and
TA1537 and in Escher c WP uvrA both with and without S9 mix,
while weak mutage t~y was observ-eT-only in TA100 strain and enhanced
by the addition of S9 mix . The mutagenicity observed in the TA100
strain was not expressed in a nitroreductase-deficient strain, TA100
NR, and decreased in a transacetylase-deficient~strain TA100 1,8-DNPG
The mutagenicity of fenitrothion was also examined by a gene mutation
assay using the gene for hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltrangferase
(hgprt) in V79 Chinese hamster lung cells . Fenitrothion
did not induce any increment of 6-thioguanine-resistant mutant cells
at doses ranging from 0 .01 to 0 .3 mM regardless of the presence or
absence of S9 mix . The results suggest that reduction of fenitrothion
by a bacterial nitroreductase of TA100 to an active form is essential
for the expression of the mutagenicity of fenitrothion in TA100 and
that a bacterial transacetylase of TA100 also has an important role in
the process of mutagenic activation .
235
EVALUATION OF SEVERAL ANTINEOPLASTIC DRUGS IN THE IN VITRO UNSCHEDULED DNA
SYNTHESIS ASSAY. P.R. Harbach, S .K . Wiser. A .L. Smith and C .S. Aaron . The Upjohn Co .,
Kalamazoo, MI 49007
The in vitro unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) assay in rat primary hepatocytes is an
essential part of the genetic toxicity at The Upjohn Company (TUC) . This assay detects the
repair of damage to rat hepatocyteDNA caused by a wide variety of mutagens and
carcinogens. Primary hepatocytes were dissociated from the liver and placed into
monolayer culture which was incubated with the test and control compounds and
labelled thymidine for 16-20 hours . The cultures were fixed, and the incorporation of
thymidine was measured by autoradiogrsphy . The results were expressed as net
grains/nucleus (NG) . We have tested several antineoplastic dru s in the UDS assay :
tetraplatin (U-77,233) cis-platinum, m-AMSA, CC- 1065, U-73,97~and menogaril . The
latter three compounds were developed by TUC . U-73,975 is an analog of CC-106S which
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