Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis - Legacy Tobacco ...

46 1989 EMS Abstracts 127
http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/clb93d00/pdf
Notes HETEROZYGOUS EFFECTS OF X-RAY-INDUCEO SPECIFIC LOCUS MUTATIONS RESULTING FROM
GENE/POINT MUTATION AND MULTILOCUS DELETION IN THE dQ,-3 REGION OF ye(irgspQEicEass_ .
F .J . de Serresa• L .K . Overtona and B .M . Sadlerb aCenter for Life Sciences and
Toxicology• bCenter for Bioorganic Chemistry . Chemistry and Life Sciences . Research
Triangle Institute . Research Triangle Park . NC 27709 (USA)
Previous studies (de Serres, Mutation Res . Z)Q . 281 . 1989) on X-ray-induced
p_d9D_ine-3 (gQm3) mutants induced in a two-component heterokaryon (H-12) of y . cr_ .a_ssa
showed that they were not recessive and had heterozygous effects in terms of markedly
reduced linear growth rates . H-12 is heterozygous for mutants at 3 closely linked
loci, gQ-3A• ad-JQ and .n_ig-3 (nicotinamide-requiring) ; thus, X-ray-induced mutants in
this region can be of 5 different genotypes : Sg-IA . i1o.-3@ . .4.Q~A AQ $@• 9~~94.Q 3_@
n_ic-Z, and g .d_-36 pic-2 . All 5 classes can result from multilocus deletion (g_d,=$+R)o
gene/point mutations (_#d_3R) are usually restricted to the first 2 classes . Present
studiQs were pQrformed to determine whether single-locus mutations of either type
(ad-3R or ad-3`R) sho~v heterozygous effecIA . For example . qi(-~A.IR mutants were
combined with an ad_3a mutant or an pd- @ mutant, and the lin ar growth r tes of
the resulting forced dikaryons (aq-jA7~ + q~ .jBR, or aQ;~I$ + ~) were
determined . Ad-3AIR utants showed more pConounced heterozygous effects in combination
with an ad-381~ mutant thin an ad_-9oR mutant ; similar results were found with
_Q-381R mutants . Only 1/30 aQ_3AR showed a heterozygous effect• in contrast to larger
numbers of __d_-_~B R_~BR mutants . Mutants at the AA-3B locus show allelic complementation,
and the level of heterozygous effect is higher among noncomplementing mutants than
among complementing mutants with either nonpolarized or polarized patterns .
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS 07 CHERNOBYL IN WESTERN EUROPE
by p . ~E WALS, H . DOLE, F . BERTRAND, M .F . LECNAT
EUROCAT Csntral Registry and Department of Epidemiology,
Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium .
128
Following the Chernobyl accident there was widespread public concern over the possible
mutagenic and teratogenic effects of the radiological contamination in the
countries of Western Europe . Assesament of the radiological exposure of the population
in the countries of the EEC .as made by the V .II . National Radiological
Protection Board indicating excess average effective doses to adult individuals in
the first year ranging between 0 .2 pSv in Portugal and 130-300 Y8v in Nest-•Gesmany .
Italy and Greece . Data from the EIIROCAT sussillance system covering 19 re=ions in
12 countries were used to compare tha frequency of chromosomal syndromds and central
nervous system malformations in exposed and non-eYposed fetusas . The prelisinary
results do not indicate any increase but a small cluster 'of apina bifida in Odenae
(Denmark) . Other studies were carried out in Finland, Sweden and Hungary with negative
results concerning indicators of teratogenic or mutagenie effects . A cluster of
Down syndrome cases in West-Berlin and of neural tube defects in Bursa, Turkey have
been reported but relationship with the contamination is not established . Indueed
abortions and postponement of conceptions vere two measutable psychological conasquences
of the accident .
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF CHERNOBYL IN WESTERN EUROPE
by P . DE WALS, H . DOLE, F . BERTRAND, N .P. LECNAT
EUROCAT Central Registry and Department of Epideaiology,
Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium .
129
Following the Chernobyl accident there was ridespread public concern over the possible
autagenic and terstogenic effects of the radiological contamination in the
countries of Western Europe . Assessment of the radiological exposure of the population
in the countries of the EEC was made by the U .K . National Radiological
Protection Board indicating excess average effective doses to adult individuals in
the first year ranging between 0 .2 pSv in Portugal and 150-300 vSv in West-Germany .
Italy and Greece . Data from the EUROCAT surveillance system covering 19 regions in
12 countries were used to compare the frequency of chromosomal syndromes and central
nervous system malformations in exposed and non-exposed fetuses . The prelimioary
results do not indicate any increase but a small cluster of spina bifida in Odense
(Denmark) . Other studies were carried out in Finland, Sweden and Hungary with negative
results concerning indicatora of teratogenic or mutagenic effects . A cluster of
Down syndrome cases in West-Berlin and of neural tube defects in Bursa, Turkey have
been reported but relationship with the contamination is not established . Induced
abortions and postponement of conceptions were two measurable psychological consequenees
of the accident .
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