Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis - Legacy Tobacco ...

571
: 1989 EMS Abstracts 197
Notes
COMPARATIVE CLASrOGENIC EFFECTS OF ORGANIC AND INOROANIC TIN SALTS
IN VITRO JP:.
Geeta TALUKDER,Ban~ Bandana Ohosh,Archana Sharma
Human Genet cs Unit,Centre for Advanced Study in Cell a Chromosome
Research,Department of eotany,University of Calcutta,35 BallY9unj
Circular Road,Calcutta 70001l .India .
The clastogenic response of human lymphocytes ;S was studied
following the administration of stannic chloriae and 2oiuq/ml)and
trimethyl tin(0 .5 and 7juy/ml) .Blood was obtained from healthy donors
of both sexes of six age groups .The end points screened after 72 hours
were mitotic index(MI),chromosomal aberrations(CA)both with and
without gaps and micronuclei(MN),Sister chromatid exchanges(SCE) and
cell cycle kinetics(c:CK)were recorded after both 48 and 72 hours in
culture . Both tin salts,analysed statistically,increased the frequency
of CA,MN and SCE to a statistically significant level and depressed
MI and CCK when compared to the untreated control . The effects were
directly proportional to the concentrations used . The percentages of
MN and CA were significantly higher in cultures from donors of older
age groups(above 50 years) as compared to the lower ones . There was
no difference between the relative effects of the two salts or
between the cultures from the two sexes . SCE was significantly higher
in teeated cases and in blood from persons who smoked .
572
Cytogenetic study of gossypol acetate
Tan Yongbu, Zhang Zhongshu and Wang Renli
Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research,
2200-4 Xietu Road, Shanghai PRC, 200032 ,
r
Gossypol, a yellowish phenolic compound isolated from seeds, stems and roots
of cotten plant,has been advocated by the Chinese scientists as a antifertility
agent for males . A
Clinical trials indicated that the antifertility effect of gossypol was
exellent, but occasional cases of hypokalemic paralysis might occur in the
course of its administration .
In the present work the effects of gossypol on the concentration of some of
micronucleus, chromosomal abrration, SCE, gene mutation in somatic/reproductive
cells and dominant lethal mutation, dose-response relationships are observed in
rats, mice and men .
The results indicate that gossypol of antifertility agent for males at lower
dosages may be safe, but it should not be neglected that higher dosages might
disturb or damage the DNA synthesis .
573
In situ detection of induced mutations with chemicals by Tradescantia
TANO, S . Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku,
Tokyo 113, Japan
Tradescantia stamen hair cells are highly sensitive to the induction
of somatic mutations by chemical and physical mutagens . Five kinds of
chemical mutagens (EMS, NMU, NEU, NDEA, and NDMA) were tested for the induction
of somatic mutations with special regards to the dose-response
relationships and minimum effective dose . Three different kinds of doseresponse
relationships were obtained depending on the variety of chemicals
. Linear dose-response was observed with EMS treatment . In the case
of NDEA, the mutation frequency increased sharply at the low dose range,
but it saturated at the high dose range . In the case of NDMA, there was
a slow increase at the low dose range and a sharp increase at the high
dose range . Similar differences in dose-response relationships between
ethylating agent (NEU) and methylating agent (NMU) were also observed as
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