February 15-18, 2009 Washington State Convention Center Seattle ...

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REPLACEMENT OF FISHMEAL BY A BLENDED ANIMAL PROTEIN CONCENTRATE IN
Litopenaeus vannamei DIETS
A. Victor Suresh*, Alberto J.P. Nunes, George W. Chamberlain and Steven Gately
Integrated Aquaculture International
3303 West Twelfth Street
Hastings, NE 68902-0609 USA
victors@integratedaquaculture.com
The study addresses Goal 5 in the PPA Strategic Research Plan, specifically, approaches to practical formulation with alternative
ingredients to fishmeal. The study evaluated the performance of L. vannamei fed diets that had fishmeal replaced by a commercial
animal protein concentrate (Propak Plus, H.J. Baker & Bro., Inc. Westport, Connecticut, USA). Propak Plus (PPP) is
a protein concentrate composed of a blend of prime-grade low ash poultry meal, flash-dried blood meal, menhaden fish meal,
DL-methionine, and lysine sulfate. Unlike typical fishmeal replacement studies that analyze the effect of graded replacement of
crude protein in fishmeal by the replacement protein, this study sought to balance many more nutrients that are affected when
fishmeal is replaced.
A total of four diets were designed. Fishmeal replacement by PPP was achieved by specifying maximum levels of PPP in each
formula. In the control formula called PPP0, PPP was not offered, so this formula used prime-grade anchovy fishmeal as the
only animal protein. In the formula called PPP5, PPP was offered at a maximum level of 5%. In PPP12, PPP was allowed to
be included at its maximum subject to the restrictions of nutrient levels specified in the formula. In this formula, PPP inclusion
maxed out at 11.84%. Reduction in the specifications for essential fatty acids increased PPP addition to a maximum of
20.2%.
Shrimp with initial average weight of 3.55 ± 0.12 g were stocked in 1000-L outdoor tanks at a density of 60 shrimp/m 2 and were
fed twice daily for 72 days. There was no significant difference among shrimp fed the different diets in terms of survival (92.6
± 0.05%), yield (599 ± 80 g/m 2 ) and FCR (2.08 ± 0.25; P > 0.05). Shrimp fed PPP0, PPP5, PPP12 and PPP20 diets reached
average final weight of 15.31±0.25, 14.93±0.36, 14.68±0.16, 13.64±0.54 g, respectively. There were significant differences
(P