2008 - Marketing Educators' Association
2008 - Marketing Educators' Association
2008 - Marketing Educators' Association
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ACHIEVING A BLACK BELT IN THE MENTORING OF MARKETING FACULTY: A REVIEW<br />
OF THE LITERATURE AND DIRECTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH<br />
Craig A. Kelley, California State University, Sacramento, 6000 J St.,<br />
Sacramento, CA 95819; kelleyca@csus.edu<br />
ABSTRACT<br />
A growing number of unfilled tenure-track faculty<br />
lines have intensified the competition among<br />
marketing departments to recruit and retain new<br />
faculty members. Peer mentoring programs have<br />
taken on greater significance in retaining and<br />
developing new and tenured faculty members. This<br />
paper reviews the mentoring literature, presents a<br />
method for structuring a faculty mentor program, and<br />
advances the idea of offering a black belt in faculty<br />
mentoring.<br />
INTRODUCTION<br />
Business schools face the challenge of recruiting<br />
and retaining a faculty that is responsive to a rapidly<br />
changing global economy. The growing gap in the<br />
number of tenure-track faculty lines that must be<br />
filled due to retiring baby boomers relative to the low<br />
number of new business doctorates that are<br />
conferred each year has exacerbated the challenge<br />
of recruiting, developing, and retaining faculty<br />
(Swartz, Swartz, & Liang, 2007). The shortage of<br />
doctorates in business is estimated to grow to 1,150<br />
by 2009 and 2,500 by 2014 (Olian, LeClair, &<br />
Milano, 2004). The growing number of unfilled<br />
tenure-track positions is most acute in accounting,<br />
finance, and marketing (AACSB International 2007).<br />
In addition to presenting a risk of a business school<br />
losing its AACSB accreditation because of a low<br />
ratio of academically qualified faculty, the shortage<br />
of doctorates in business limits the ability of the<br />
business discipline to advance scholarship in the<br />
field (Davis & McCarthy, 2005).<br />
The pressure to recruit new faculty members from a<br />
small pool of recruits has led to an escalation in<br />
starting salaries and the need to offer additional<br />
support in the form of reduced teaching loads,<br />
summer stipends, and faculty development funds.<br />
Differences in the amount of state support for the<br />
hiring of faculty can put some university systems at a<br />
significant disadvantage. For example, the California<br />
State University system was only able to fill 50<br />
percent and 57 percent of its tenure-track lines in<br />
business in 2004-2005 and 2005-2006, respectively<br />
(Swartz, Swartz, & Liang, 2007).<br />
Peer mentoring programs are used extensively in<br />
universities in an effort to retain faculty members.<br />
However, there is very little research in the business<br />
93<br />
education literature generally, and marketing<br />
education literature specifically, that has investigated<br />
the best practices of faculty mentoring programs.<br />
The purpose of this paper is to bridge this gap in the<br />
marketing education literature by presenting a<br />
method for structuring a faculty mentoring program,<br />
advancing a process for achieving a black belt in<br />
mentoring of faculty over their careers, and<br />
highlighting directions for future research.<br />
REVIEW OF THE MENTORING LITERATURE<br />
Mentoring is the process where an experienced<br />
person helps a less experienced person develop in<br />
some specified capacity. Gibson (2005)<br />
distinguished mentoring from other support provided<br />
by a protégé’s colleagues in that mentors act in a<br />
way that has the protégé’s best interests as their<br />
priority (e.g., willing to share their resources,<br />
exercise care in providing advice, and invest in<br />
building a mentor-protégé relationship). Conversely,<br />
collegial support is offered at a lower level of<br />
involvement (e.g., helpful in providing advice and<br />
information but don’t initiate transfer of knowledge<br />
and opportunities to the protégé).<br />
Mentoring in a university setting is frequently<br />
associated with faculty development (Legorreta,<br />
Kelley, & Sablynski, 2006). Often faculty development<br />
is used synonymously with developing<br />
teaching skills (Mills, 1994) and research (Bland &<br />
Schmitz, 1990), both of which are a part of faculty<br />
mentoring. However, mentoring involves developing<br />
a strong interpersonal bond between the mentor and<br />
protégé, and may be manifested as coaching, action<br />
learning, action learning teams, peer mentoring, or<br />
group mentoring (Gibson, 2005). Mentoring provides<br />
information, opportunities, psychosocial (i.e.,<br />
emotional) support, and career and work-related<br />
advice (Tang & Chamberlain, 2003). Mentoring may<br />
be an informal relationship where the interpersonal<br />
bond is relatively weak. Formal mentoring programs<br />
attempt to build a stronger interpersonal bond<br />
between mentor and protégé, and typically involve<br />
the assignment of a mentor to one or more protégés.<br />
Research on the mentor-protégé relationship has<br />
investigated several variables that are considered<br />
essential to the success of a mentoring program.<br />
Greater similarity between mentor and protégé in<br />
personality and work styles results in stronger<br />
mentor-protégé relationships (Burke, McKeen, &