manual: women workers' rights and gender equality - International ...

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International Labour Standards: a set of conventions and recommendations, which constitute the normative context of ILO action concerning women and men workers. Declarations and Resolutions: concerning ILO gender-specific action, which define the key areas to combat discrimination against women and the priority issues to be addressed by the ILO. International Labour Standards Setting international labour standards has been one of the principal means of the ILO since its creation in 1919 to promote social justice in the world of work. The International Labour Conference adopts international labour standards, after consultation with all ILO’s member States. The conference is a tripartite body composed of government, employers’ and workers’ delegates. The conventions and recommendations cover practically all aspects of human labour: employment, conditions of work, social security, industrial relations, safety and health, equal opportunities, nondiscrimination and other workers’ rights. As of July 2000, there are 183 conventions and 193 recommendations. Conventions: • International treaties with binding power • Open to ratification by ILO member States • In ratifying a Convention, a State formally accepts the convention and is legally bound to apply it • The country will, if necessary, adopt new laws and regulations or modify the existing legislation and practice • The country must apply the convention not only in law, but also in practice Recommendations: • Not open to ratification • Lay down general or technical guidelines to be applied within countries • Often supplement conventions Four main ILO conventions that are crucial for gender equality promotion are: No. 100: Equal Remuneration Convention, 1951 No. 111: Discrimination (Employment and Occupation), 1958 No. 156: Workers with Family Responsibilities, 1981 No. 183: Maternity Protection, 2000 Declarations and Resolutions Other policy instruments are declarations and resolutions. The Declaration of Philadelphia, adopted during the International Labour Conference held in 1944 in Philadelphia, USA redefined the aims and purposes of the ILO. This Declaration includes the following principles: • Labour is not a commodity • Freedom of expression and of association is essential to sustained progress • Poverty anywhere constitutes a danger to prosperity everywhere • All human beings, whatever their race, creed or sex, have the right to pursue both their material well-being and their spiritual development in conditions of freedom and dignity, of economic security and equal opportunity 161
The 1998 ILO Declaration on fundamental principles and rights at work reaffirms the commitment of all member States of the ILO to the fundamental principles and rights, which are applicable to all countries by the very fact of their membership in the Organization, even if they have not ratified the corresponding conventions. The elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation is a fundamental right. Cambodia and the International Labour Organization The Cambodian Government has ratified 12 ILO Conventions by August 2003: - C4: Night Work (Women), 1919, ratified in 1969 - C6: Night Work of Young Persons (Industry), 1919, ratified in 1969 - C13 White Lead (Painting), 1921, ratified in 1969 - C29: Forced Labour, 1930, ratified in 1969 - C87: Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise, 1948, ratified in 1999 - C98: Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining, 1949, ratified in 1999 - C100: Equal Remuneration, 1951, ratified in 1999 - C105: Abolition of Forced Labour, 1957, ratified in 1999 - C111: Discrimination (Employment and Occupation), 1958 - C122: Employment Policy, 1964, ratified in 1971 - C138: Minimum Age, 1973, ratified in 1999 - C150: Labour Administration, 1978, ratified in 1999 (See exercise 4.2 Rights at Work for more detailed information) 162
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Contents Foreword..................
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25. No to forced labour, yes to fre
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Chapter 1 About this Manual 1.1 Int
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Objective: Gives the main learning
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In gender and women workers’ righ
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2.3 Adult learning Most of the part
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Contents Questions regarding the co
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2.9 The first day The first day is
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Learning objectives After the sessi
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Situation cards: Marriage Men gambl
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Use the following questions in the
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Situation cards: set 1 A woman does
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Again, emphasize that changes are p
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Step 2 • Ask both groups to sit d
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3.2 2. Values and Attitudes - State
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- Did everybody have the same opini
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3.3 Division of Work Step 1: What d
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Both men and women play multiple ro
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Exercise Step 1 • Divide the part
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Related sessions and briefing notes
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Step 2 • Discuss how the existing
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Exercise Step 1 • Explain to the
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Make clear that decision making pow
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4.1 Rights and Responsibilities Obj
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Step 4 • Explain the terms “bas
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Reasons often heard for not doing a
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Exercise Step 1 • Ask the partici
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Card 1: No to Suppression of Freedo
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Card 5: Maternity Protection (pictu
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Song 3. Cruel Suffering of the Work
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Step 3 • Tell the participants th
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The following case is an example of
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Story two: A group of women workers
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The number of female members in som
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No child should have to work No chi
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In article 48 this is made more exp
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story 2: Kolab, 12 years old, flowe
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Related sessions and briefing notes
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How to make the circle of debt: Exe
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Situations in which people often ne
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• Place a green fiche when the an
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4.9 Migrant Workers Objectives •
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Story and questions for each square
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What do you think will happen to th
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4.10 Trafficking Objectives • To
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The strategies traffickers often us
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• Explain the meaning of the 4 co
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Rest period There are no official r
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• Explain the meaning of the 4 co
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4.12 Workers with Family Responsibi
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- What do they think of the role of
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4.13 Maternity Protection Objective
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Step 4 • Show the last card: term
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4.14 Sexual Harassment at Work Obje
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adequate performance of workers. Th
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Page 114 and 115: 8. A pregnant woman who is under pr
Page 116 and 117: 4.16 Domestic Violence Objectives
Page 118 and 119: At work: Violence causes immediate
Page 120 and 121: Step 4 • Explain where to go in c
Page 122 and 123: Facts and myths about rape Myth: Ra
Page 124 and 125: Step 4 • Ask the participants to
Page 126 and 127: 4.19 HIV/AIDS and Work Objectives
Page 128 and 129: Step 5 • Explain briefly the Code
Page 130 and 131: HIV/AIDS at work HIV/AIDS is a work
Page 132 and 133: Working in a very noisy area Workin
Page 134 and 135: information to the workers. Another
Page 136 and 137: Briefing Note 1 Training Methods Th
Page 138 and 139: • Interviewing • Negotiating
Page 140 and 141: Briefing Note 2 Gender Equality 16
Page 142 and 143: Gender stereotypes Gender gap Gende
Page 144 and 145: Briefing Note 4 Key Principles for
Page 146 and 147: Briefing Note 5 Gender Planning: St
Page 148 and 149: issue but consensus on this agreeme
Page 150 and 151: 3. Cultural and social norms and va
Page 152 and 153: Gender Equality at Work Equal right
Page 154 and 155: What are the results of stress? For
Page 156 and 157: At work: The use of alcohol and dru
Page 158 and 159: At work: As HIV/AIDS affects the ec
Page 160 and 161: 2. Collective dispute It can be eas
Page 164 and 165: Glossary Abortion Benefit Bonded la
Page 166 and 167: certain characteristics or who belo
Page 168 and 169: List of Useful Organizations Nation
Page 170 and 171: Cambodian HIV/AIDS Education and Ca
Page 172 and 173: For General Information and Referra
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