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Exercise Step 1 • Ask the participants what kind of basic rights they think they have or should have at work. • If they come up with a right that is shown on one of the cards show it to the group. Put it at a place where everybody can see it. When the participants do not come up with more rights but you still have some cards left, show them one by one and discuss them briefly. Step 2 • Explain what the Labour Code 1997 is. • Explain that only formal sector workers are covered by this Code but that this does not mean that informal sector workers do not have any rights. Some of the basic rights are mentioned in the constitution so every Cambodian citizen should enjoy these rights. Examples are equal pay for equal work and freedom of association. • Explain briefly: - what an ILO Convention is - that the Cambodian Government ratified 12 Conventions - that this ensures rights to them as workers - that the ILO adopted the Declaration of Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work in 1998 and that this covers the fundamental principles of 8 key conventions on the following 4 subjects: 1. Freedom of association and the right to collective bargaining (card 1) 2. Elimination of all forms of forced and compulsory labour (card 2) 3. Effective abolition of child labour (card 3) 4. Elimination of discrimination in employment and occupation (card 4) • Discuss briefly the four cards showing the fundamental workers’ rights using the following questions: - Did they know about this right? - Do they enjoy this right? - If not what can they do to fight for this right? • Explain for each card how the rights of Cambodian workers are protected regarding each subject Step 3 • As an energizer you can sing some songs with the participants about rights at work or difficulties they have at work. Ask the participants to come up with songs. Examples are given at the end of the notes for the trainer. Step 4 • Discuss the two cards regarding basic women workers’ rights and ask again the following questions: - Did they know about this right? - Do they enjoy this right? - If not what can they do to fight for this right? • Explain for each card how the rights of Cambodian workers are protected regarding each subject. Step 5 • Give a summary of the discussion and summarize the rights on the cards once more. Emphasize that organizing yourself makes you stronger if you want to fight for your rights. 53
Notes for the trainer During this session the participants should become aware of certain basic rights that are guaranteed to them under the Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia (1993) or Labour Code 1997. The session can be done with both formal and informal sector workers. For formal sector workers the situation is a bit easier because they have a Labour Code on their side but some of the rights are valid for informal sector workers as well. This is especially true for the rights on equal pay for equal work and the right to organize because these are mentioned in the Constitution. Of course you can always advocate and fight for rights you do not have yet. If you do not try, you will not get them. The following information is an overview of the basic rights at work based on the Labour Code 1997, the Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia and the ILO conventions that are ratified by the Government. The ILO is a technical international organization and part of the United Nations. Almost all countries in the world are a member of the ILO and so is Cambodia. The ILO deals with the world of work and a very important issue is: rights at work (for more information see the annex about the ILO). For this purpose conventions are formulated. These are international treaties with binding power and every member State can ratify a convention. When a State ratifies a convention they should apply it in their labour laws and regulations and bring it into practice. The conventions cover practically all aspects of human labour: employment, conditions of work, social security, industrial relations, safety and health, equal opportunity and non discrimination. In 1998, the ILO member States adopted the Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work which embodies the principles and rights laid down in eight fundamental conventions on freedom of association and the right to collective bargaining, freedom from forced labour, the elimination of child labour and the elimination of discrimination in employment and occupation. The eight fundamental conventions are: Freedom of association and right to collective bargaining: • Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organize Convention, 1948 (No. 87) • Right to Organize and Collective Bargaining Convention, 1949 (No. 98) The Elimination of all Forms of Forced and Compulsory Labour: • Forced Labour Convention, 1973 (No. 29) • Abolition of Forced Labour Convention, 1957 (No. 105) The Effective Abolition of Child Labour: • Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138) • Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182) The Elimination of Discrimination in Employment and Occupation: • Equal Remuneration Convention, 1951 (No. 100) • Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958 (No. 111) Although Cambodia has not ratified Convention 182 Worst Forms of Child Labour under the Declaration, it has the obligation to respect, promote and to realize the principles concerning the fundamental rights which are the subject of the fundamental conventions, even if it has not ratified the convention concerned. Conventions 100 and 111, which have been ratified by Cambodia, are two of the main instruments to promote equality of opportunity and treatment in employment and occupation and to combat discrimination in the world of work (for more details about the Conventions ratified by Cambodia check Briefing Note 10 Introduction to the International Labour Organization). 54
Page 2 and 3:
Contents Foreword..................
Page 4 and 5: 25. No to forced labour, yes to fre
Page 6 and 7: Chapter 1 About this Manual 1.1 Int
Page 8 and 9: Objective: Gives the main learning
Page 10 and 11: In gender and women workers’ righ
Page 12 and 13: 2.3 Adult learning Most of the part
Page 14 and 15: Contents Questions regarding the co
Page 16 and 17: 2.9 The first day The first day is
Page 18 and 19: Learning objectives After the sessi
Page 20 and 21: Situation cards: Marriage Men gambl
Page 22 and 23: Use the following questions in the
Page 24 and 25: Situation cards: set 1 A woman does
Page 26 and 27: Again, emphasize that changes are p
Page 28 and 29: Step 2 • Ask both groups to sit d
Page 30 and 31: 3.2 2. Values and Attitudes - State
Page 32 and 33: - Did everybody have the same opini
Page 34 and 35: 3.3 Division of Work Step 1: What d
Page 36 and 37: Both men and women play multiple ro
Page 38 and 39: Exercise Step 1 • Divide the part
Page 40 and 41: Related sessions and briefing notes
Page 42 and 43: Step 2 • Discuss how the existing
Page 44 and 45: Exercise Step 1 • Explain to the
Page 46 and 47: Make clear that decision making pow
Page 48 and 49: 4.1 Rights and Responsibilities Obj
Page 50 and 51: Step 4 • Explain the terms “bas
Page 52 and 53: Reasons often heard for not doing a
Page 56 and 57: Card 1: No to Suppression of Freedo
Page 58 and 59: Card 5: Maternity Protection (pictu
Page 60 and 61: Song 3. Cruel Suffering of the Work
Page 62 and 63: Step 3 • Tell the participants th
Page 64 and 65: The following case is an example of
Page 66 and 67: Story two: A group of women workers
Page 68 and 69: The number of female members in som
Page 70 and 71: No child should have to work No chi
Page 72 and 73: In article 48 this is made more exp
Page 74 and 75: story 2: Kolab, 12 years old, flowe
Page 76 and 77: Related sessions and briefing notes
Page 78 and 79: How to make the circle of debt: Exe
Page 80 and 81: Situations in which people often ne
Page 82 and 83: • Place a green fiche when the an
Page 84 and 85: 4.9 Migrant Workers Objectives •
Page 86 and 87: Story and questions for each square
Page 88 and 89: What do you think will happen to th
Page 90 and 91: 4.10 Trafficking Objectives • To
Page 92 and 93: The strategies traffickers often us
Page 94 and 95: • Explain the meaning of the 4 co
Page 96 and 97: Rest period There are no official r
Page 98 and 99: • Explain the meaning of the 4 co
Page 100 and 101: 4.12 Workers with Family Responsibi
Page 102 and 103: - What do they think of the role of
Page 104 and 105:
4.13 Maternity Protection Objective
Page 106 and 107:
Step 4 • Show the last card: term
Page 108 and 109:
4.14 Sexual Harassment at Work Obje
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adequate performance of workers. Th
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A person who tricks a minority pers
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8. A pregnant woman who is under pr
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4.16 Domestic Violence Objectives
Page 118 and 119:
At work: Violence causes immediate
Page 120 and 121:
Step 4 • Explain where to go in c
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Facts and myths about rape Myth: Ra
Page 124 and 125:
Step 4 • Ask the participants to
Page 126 and 127:
4.19 HIV/AIDS and Work Objectives
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Step 5 • Explain briefly the Code
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HIV/AIDS at work HIV/AIDS is a work
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Working in a very noisy area Workin
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information to the workers. Another
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Briefing Note 1 Training Methods Th
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• Interviewing • Negotiating
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Briefing Note 2 Gender Equality 16
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Gender stereotypes Gender gap Gende
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Briefing Note 4 Key Principles for
Page 146 and 147:
Briefing Note 5 Gender Planning: St
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issue but consensus on this agreeme
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3. Cultural and social norms and va
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Gender Equality at Work Equal right
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What are the results of stress? For
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At work: The use of alcohol and dru
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At work: As HIV/AIDS affects the ec
Page 160 and 161:
2. Collective dispute It can be eas
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International Labour Standards: a s
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Glossary Abortion Benefit Bonded la
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certain characteristics or who belo
Page 168 and 169:
List of Useful Organizations Nation
Page 170 and 171:
Cambodian HIV/AIDS Education and Ca
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For General Information and Referra
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