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Card 5: Maternity Protection (picture No. 28) Maternity Protection is covered by several ILO conventions but these are not yet ratified by the Cambodian Government (see for more details the session about Maternity Protection). In article 46.2 of the Constitution is stated that a woman shall not lose her job because of pregnancy and women shall have the right to take maternity leave with full pay and with no loss of seniority or other social benefits. In the section about child and women labour in the Labour Code 1997 (chapter 6, section 8) articles 182 to 187 deal with maternity protection. The main points are: - Women shall be certified to a maternity leave of 90 days. - During the first two months after returning to work they are only expected to perform light work. - The employer is prohibited from laying off women during maternity leave. - Women are entitled to half of their wage during maternity leave. - Women fully reserve their rights to other benefits in kind if they have been employed for a minimum of one year with the employer. - One year from the date of delivery mothers who breastfeed their children are entitled to one hour per day during working hours to breastfeed their children. This time shall not be deducted from normal breaks. Card 6: Workers with Family Responsibilities (picture No. 29) Convention 156: Workers with Family Responsibilities This Convention promotes sharing of family responsibilities and equality of opportunity and treatment for women and men workers with such responsibilities (see session 4.4 Workers with Family Responsibilities for more details). The Cambodian Government did not yet ratify this Convention. However, in Chapter 6 of the 1997 Labour Code, section 8, article 186 states: managers of enterprises employing a minimum of one hundred women or girls shall set up, within their establishments or nearby, a nursing room and a crèche. If the company is not able to set up a crèche on its premises for children over eighteen months of age, female workers can place their children in any crèche and the charges shall be paid by the employer. ILO experience has learned that it is better not to make the provision of child care facilities obligatory only for companies with many women workers as this leads to discrimination in access to employment against women in practice. Another provision given in the Labour Act 1997 is the possibility of special leave (chapter 6, section 7). The employer has the right to grant a worker special leave during the event directly affecting the worker’s immediate family (see session Time to Work, Overtime and Leisure Time for more details about special leave). Tip: During more theoretical sessions like this one it is good to do an energizer with the participants so that they remain concentrated. For example, singing a song about the topic is a good way of getting the participants more involved in the topic. Ask them if they know a song and if they like to share it with the others or maybe there are songs all participants know so you can sing together. Some examples of trade union songs about workers in the garment sector are given below: 57
Song 1. Voice of Garment Workers The voices of garment workers must be heard To tell all Cambodian women that to be a servant is very difficult They curse, they blame us and say we are bad girls But we have no freedom and no rights Refrain: The song that we sing is about the real life of garment workers Please pity us and consider the life of garment workers How are we suffering? We are faced with suffering and problems because the factory owners exploit us We are all garment workers We live in bad conditions, we struggle with difficulty We are tired but we say nothing, we are hard working And much of this money we earn is to help our mothers Refrain: When the workers are in trouble Who can help to solve the problems? Where is the justice? When I need you why do you ignore me? Refrain: Song 2. The Struggle of the Workers Look at the sky that is so far away It is the same for me as I am away from my family I left my village to look for a job I try my best to earn my money and send it to mum I work day time and night time I never complain about anything although I am tired The food that I eat is not good and delicious Compared to what other people have but I can still cope Although other people say that I am not a good girl I don’t care about those words I try to work hard to support my family And I am not what they say This is the life of garment workers We work, we never know what rest is because we are very poor We are forced to work with no rights But we struggle to demand on what we want. 58
Page 2 and 3:
Contents Foreword..................
Page 4 and 5:
25. No to forced labour, yes to fre
Page 6 and 7:
Chapter 1 About this Manual 1.1 Int
Page 8 and 9: Objective: Gives the main learning
Page 10 and 11: In gender and women workers’ righ
Page 12 and 13: 2.3 Adult learning Most of the part
Page 14 and 15: Contents Questions regarding the co
Page 16 and 17: 2.9 The first day The first day is
Page 18 and 19: Learning objectives After the sessi
Page 20 and 21: Situation cards: Marriage Men gambl
Page 22 and 23: Use the following questions in the
Page 24 and 25: Situation cards: set 1 A woman does
Page 26 and 27: Again, emphasize that changes are p
Page 28 and 29: Step 2 • Ask both groups to sit d
Page 30 and 31: 3.2 2. Values and Attitudes - State
Page 32 and 33: - Did everybody have the same opini
Page 34 and 35: 3.3 Division of Work Step 1: What d
Page 36 and 37: Both men and women play multiple ro
Page 38 and 39: Exercise Step 1 • Divide the part
Page 40 and 41: Related sessions and briefing notes
Page 42 and 43: Step 2 • Discuss how the existing
Page 44 and 45: Exercise Step 1 • Explain to the
Page 46 and 47: Make clear that decision making pow
Page 48 and 49: 4.1 Rights and Responsibilities Obj
Page 50 and 51: Step 4 • Explain the terms “bas
Page 52 and 53: Reasons often heard for not doing a
Page 54 and 55: Exercise Step 1 • Ask the partici
Page 56 and 57: Card 1: No to Suppression of Freedo
Page 60 and 61: Song 3. Cruel Suffering of the Work
Page 62 and 63: Step 3 • Tell the participants th
Page 64 and 65: The following case is an example of
Page 66 and 67: Story two: A group of women workers
Page 68 and 69: The number of female members in som
Page 70 and 71: No child should have to work No chi
Page 72 and 73: In article 48 this is made more exp
Page 74 and 75: story 2: Kolab, 12 years old, flowe
Page 76 and 77: Related sessions and briefing notes
Page 78 and 79: How to make the circle of debt: Exe
Page 80 and 81: Situations in which people often ne
Page 82 and 83: • Place a green fiche when the an
Page 84 and 85: 4.9 Migrant Workers Objectives •
Page 86 and 87: Story and questions for each square
Page 88 and 89: What do you think will happen to th
Page 90 and 91: 4.10 Trafficking Objectives • To
Page 92 and 93: The strategies traffickers often us
Page 94 and 95: • Explain the meaning of the 4 co
Page 96 and 97: Rest period There are no official r
Page 98 and 99: • Explain the meaning of the 4 co
Page 100 and 101: 4.12 Workers with Family Responsibi
Page 102 and 103: - What do they think of the role of
Page 104 and 105: 4.13 Maternity Protection Objective
Page 106 and 107: Step 4 • Show the last card: term
Page 108 and 109:
4.14 Sexual Harassment at Work Obje
Page 110 and 111:
adequate performance of workers. Th
Page 112 and 113:
A person who tricks a minority pers
Page 114 and 115:
8. A pregnant woman who is under pr
Page 116 and 117:
4.16 Domestic Violence Objectives
Page 118 and 119:
At work: Violence causes immediate
Page 120 and 121:
Step 4 • Explain where to go in c
Page 122 and 123:
Facts and myths about rape Myth: Ra
Page 124 and 125:
Step 4 • Ask the participants to
Page 126 and 127:
4.19 HIV/AIDS and Work Objectives
Page 128 and 129:
Step 5 • Explain briefly the Code
Page 130 and 131:
HIV/AIDS at work HIV/AIDS is a work
Page 132 and 133:
Working in a very noisy area Workin
Page 134 and 135:
information to the workers. Another
Page 136 and 137:
Briefing Note 1 Training Methods Th
Page 138 and 139:
• Interviewing • Negotiating
Page 140 and 141:
Briefing Note 2 Gender Equality 16
Page 142 and 143:
Gender stereotypes Gender gap Gende
Page 144 and 145:
Briefing Note 4 Key Principles for
Page 146 and 147:
Briefing Note 5 Gender Planning: St
Page 148 and 149:
issue but consensus on this agreeme
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3. Cultural and social norms and va
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Gender Equality at Work Equal right
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What are the results of stress? For
Page 156 and 157:
At work: The use of alcohol and dru
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At work: As HIV/AIDS affects the ec
Page 160 and 161:
2. Collective dispute It can be eas
Page 162 and 163:
International Labour Standards: a s
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Glossary Abortion Benefit Bonded la
Page 166 and 167:
certain characteristics or who belo
Page 168 and 169:
List of Useful Organizations Nation
Page 170 and 171:
Cambodian HIV/AIDS Education and Ca
Page 172 and 173:
For General Information and Referra
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