A biological study of Durvillaea antarctica (Chamisso) Hariot and D ...

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60 50 2 :3 Plant length (metras) 5 Figure 7.19. RELA'XIONSHIl.? BE'lWEEN MORTALITY AND SIZE OF D. ANTARCTICA AT OHAU PT. Rela.tionship between the size of D. antarctica plants and mortality over a 2~ year period. Ohau Point sample.
174 CHAPTER EIGHT POPULATION STUDIES 9,1 Recent. industrial int.erest in the extent of WeH Zealand's seaweed resources has emphasised the need for information concerning the standing crop of DurviZZaea. During the course of this study, an attempt was therefore made to estimate standing crop. This was based almost entirely on 12 D. antarctica samples which collectively weighed 6.1 tonnes, and covered 53 metres of shoreline. All transects, from which these samples were "taken, traversed the D. antarctica belt, and included a wide variety of shores. The minimum size of any sa:caple which is truly representative of the total standing crop is, however. not known and may far exceed a sample of this size. Nevertheless, in the absence of any other measurements of DurvilZaea standing crop, these estimates may at least serve as a guide. since samples came from a variety of habitats, and were collected at different times of the year, it was ilnportant to establish whether any variability in standing c.-rop val ues was attributable to habitat and/or seasonal differences. In the event that a seasonal pattern proved to be apparent in the standing crop data, then it was important to determine whether this was caused by seasonal changes in such factors as mortality, growth rate and population structure. B.2 POPULATION STRUCTURE In the absence of any satisfactory aging technique, population structure was described in terms of plant size. Initially stipe diameter, stipe length, total length and individual wet weights were used to segregat0. 450 D. anta~ctica plants into arbitrarily selected size classes, and the frequency of specimens in each class was calculated (Fig. 8.1) 0 Individual wet weights Here the most accurate measure of size, but this was a tedious parameter to measure when dealing with large samples of matux-e specimens. 'fhe curv~ ha:.:;ed on
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A BIOLOGICAL STODY OF AN'JlARCTICA
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j i "The seas: CCl1l1(2: running in
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v CHAPlEt( 7 8 9 10 t\ PPE ND ICES
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vii Fot' theil' effol"ts to obi;ain
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CHAPTER INTRODUCTION I acid and its
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1 CHAPTER TWO MATERIALS AND METHODS
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(c) Standing crop Nas measured as w
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7 the primary blade broke off. Furt
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9 four sites: Areas 5b and 6b at 'f
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1 t the rock surface. Area E (1 x 2
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13 ____ ~ __ 2_._2 Scale of concept
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15 added to the top of the tube. Th
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In addition, dai records of sea sta
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19 The series of low ridges absorbs
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Figure 2.1. LOCATION OF PRINCIPAL S
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Figur.e 2.3. TAU'l'UKU STODY AREA.
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T fine cracks D
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'to J ~" FMAMJ ASONDJ ASONDJ FMAMJ
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27 CH/\P A TAXONOMIC AND NOMENCI ..
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29 (i) Hol,dfast The external morph
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31 {c} The basic cellular arrangeme
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3.1 J03 TYPIFICATION (1) DUX'viUaea
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35 commanded on a scie:ntlfic voyag
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37 recently as 1921 (Cockayne 1921)
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stipe (less than 5 em long) and a h
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41 A TeD spccimclI annotated on the
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43 cortex (Figs 3.3a and 3.4e). Oth
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45 and states, "SaY'cophYCU8 simple
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47 holdfast,
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49 Table 3.1 Differences between Du
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51 General distribution: The Chatha
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53 7 ~) (a) Stipitate lateral lamin
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(a) Laminaria po~oidea in the Lamou
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of D. Hook.fil. 1845. TCD .3 in (c)
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LAMINA SECTIONS OF HERBARIUM SPECIM
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=.at.:;;;.;;;:.,;;;;....:....;,., .
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(b) (c) (d) SECTIONS THROUGH THE ME
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II I J c d
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f end of lamina or differentiated m
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66 that DurvilZaea extends several
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613 numerous narrow channels. On th
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70 from IVJLWS to a level between t
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72 within 0,3-0.5 m of the band. Th
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74 Some growing on crevices on the
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76 level of stl/ards of D. ar/"l;ar
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78
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80 algae except for those in crevic
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82 (d) Australia: D. potatoY'UflJ i
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84 d~stribution at species, winter
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86 several thousand miles. It is li
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80 (cl D. antarctica extends no nor
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90 The most southern tip of South A
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92 islands. On Kerguelen and Crozet
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Figure 4.2. D. ANTARCTICA AT HEARD
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d e
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~I 50
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WORLD DISTRIBUTION OF DlIRVILLAl!:A
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Figure 4.6. DISTRIBUTION OF D. ANTA
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50 45 /" b WATER LOSS /0 EXPESSED A
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102 In almost all the composite hol
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104 confined to the merist.oderm, t
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106 longe:r.: than D. anta:.r'ctica
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108 This is not the only way that l
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110 (iii) Cape form (Figs.3.9a,b: 5
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of antarctica across a 9 Sa 8 7 10
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114 'rable 5,3 Measurements of D. a
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116 Subsequent reg~neration of shor
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118 at the entran.ce to l-'Iilford
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120 with increasing latitude. The i
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1mm
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t lOO,AU".
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30-60mins 2
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J I em IDem J ] 10 em ] IOcm 3-4 we
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f
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CJ) -0 I\) Q.. 60 50 Q 3 40 ~ ....
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Figure 5.9. CLIFF FACES AT TADTUKU.
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UNUSUAL STIPE FEATURES OF D. A GROW
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DEGREE OF LAMINA DIVIStON AND HONEY
Page 176 and 177: Figure 5.14. COMPARISONS OF SAMPLES
Page 178 and 179: 135 CHAPTER SlX REPRODUCTION AND PH
Page 180 and 181: 137 Hyphae invade the neck region o
Page 182 and 183: 'I'he reproductive period of D. wil
Page 184 and 185: 141 A large number of ova at 20°C
Page 186 and 187: 143 released in each of the three s
Page 188 and 189: Figure 6.1. DEVELOPMENT OF CONCEPTA
Page 190 and 191: Figure 6.2. REPRODUCTIVE PERIODICIT
Page 192 and 193: 147 CHAPTER SEVEN GROWTH AND MORTAL
Page 194 and 195: 149 (i) Holes punched longitudinall
Page 196 and 197: 4 lSI growth in the length for the
Page 198 and 199: 153 Table 7.5 Frequency of D. antaY
Page 200 and 201: 155 Holdfast diameter increB,sed at
Page 202 and 203: 157 7.5 MORTJ.l.LITY (a) Mortality
Page 204 and 205: 159 seasonal pattern simila~ to tha
Page 206 and 207: 161 A similar of small plants there
Page 208 and 209: ! 6.0~ 5.8 Total 5.6 Ie ngth 5.4 (
Page 210 and 211: 120 100 E E ~ 8 c ~6 ~ +- (I) ..n I
Page 212 and 213: 202 t 1 2 J1cm 3 11 1c
Page 214 and 215: A Perce:n increase in diameter x lO
Page 216 and 217: 60 Percentage increase 40 in length
Page 218 and 219: 70 60 Percentage increase 40 in len
Page 220 and 221: il10rease 20 ill rot!)1 length. r '
Page 222 and 223: mortality 3 .' ' A , ••••
Page 224 and 225: 5 4 Percent mottality:1 per month h
Page 228 and 229: 175 total length closely resembled
Page 230 and 231: 177 sampling error l , and to elimi
Page 232 and 233: 179 of the shoreline; a procedure r
Page 234 and 235: Figure 8.1. SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF A
Page 236 and 237: Figure 8.2. size at different seaso
Page 238 and 239: F i2..ur e 8. 3 • SEASONAL VARIAT
Page 240: (a) STORM DAMAGE TO A D. WILLANA BE
Page 243 and 244: 186 clumps of Pachyme~ia ZU8oria, G
Page 245 and 246: HIB (continued) Species sp. 5P, Zin
Page 247 and 248: 190 On areas cleared during spring
Page 249 and 250: 192 mlportant cause was probably pr
Page 251 and 252: 194 recoLonis of D.anta .. cticc't
Page 253 and 254: 196 (d) Numex~cal density: While st
Page 255 and 256: 198 Although the standing crop of D
Page 257 and 258: 200 however 1 the articulated coral
Page 259 and 260: SUCCESSION ON AREAS CLEARED IN SPRI
Page 261 and 262: Figure 9.2. GROWTH IN LENGTH OF REC
Page 263 and 264: ANTARCTICA: confidence limits. GRCW
Page 265 and 266: Figure 9.5. KAIKOURA. STIPE GROWTH
Page 267 and 268: Figure 9.7. STIPE GROWTH OF RECOLON
Page 269 and 270: Figure 9.9. change in the stipe pro
Page 271 and 272: Figure 9.12. CHAOOE IN S1 ZE DISTRI
Page 273 and 274: Figure 9.13. Growth of ~ua1l « 0.5
Page 275: Figure 9.14. EXPERIMENTAL REMOVAL O
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213 pathway of Du~vittaea sp. ALLOP
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215 'co d:tying conditions than D.
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217 appears to be gl:eatly influenc
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219 tide. From Bayle's Law 1 the bl
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221 buoyancy. A highly honeycombed
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223 of D. antaratiaa across 25° of
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22S Hasegawa (1962) and Kat ... ash
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5 ..· 7 years old. Some were still
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229 . or combinations of species, p
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231 Harvesters will not cut all sma
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233 10.10 THE RESOURCE RELATIVE TO
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235 10.11 SUMMARY (1) Four DurviZZa
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237 (17) The mean standing crop of
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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TIME OF HARVES
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241 Batham, E.J, (1965). Rocky shor
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243 DaNson, E. Y. (1966). Marine bo
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Hooker, J.D. and Harvey, W.H. (1843
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247 Kuehnemann, O. (1970). Algunas
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249 Moore, L.B. and Cribb, A.S, (19
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251 Skottsberg, c. (1941). Communit
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253 Will. H. (1890). internationaZe
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255 APPENDIX ONE (CONTINUED) (b) DA
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257 APPENDIX TWO DIS'I'RteUTION REC
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259 APPENDI)( THREE DISTRIBUTIONAL
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261 APPFNDIX FOUR DRIFT RECORDS OF
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264 (i) Boil the dried kelp in a sa
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A biological study of Durvillaea antarctica (Chamisso) Hariot and D ...

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