A biological study of Durvillaea antarctica (Chamisso) Hariot and D ...

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(b) (c) (d) SECTIONS THROUGH THE MEDULLA OF D. ClJATHAMICA, of a small specimen (0.4 m I Chatham Island. Preserved specimen. Oll'i:er medullary of "an above. Central medullary of a mature specimen from Antipodes Island 191678, E. Godley colI.). Dried spec:imetL Outer medullary of "e" above. from
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A BIOLOGICAL STODY OF AN'JlARCTICA
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j i "The seas: CCl1l1(2: running in
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v CHAPlEt( 7 8 9 10 t\ PPE ND ICES
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vii Fot' theil' effol"ts to obi;ain
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CHAPTER INTRODUCTION I acid and its
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1 CHAPTER TWO MATERIALS AND METHODS
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(c) Standing crop Nas measured as w
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7 the primary blade broke off. Furt
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9 four sites: Areas 5b and 6b at 'f
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1 t the rock surface. Area E (1 x 2
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13 ____ ~ __ 2_._2 Scale of concept
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15 added to the top of the tube. Th
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In addition, dai records of sea sta
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19 The series of low ridges absorbs
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Figure 2.1. LOCATION OF PRINCIPAL S
Page 33: Figur.e 2.3. TAU'l'UKU STODY AREA.
Page 36 and 37: T fine cracks D
Page 38 and 39: 'to J ~" FMAMJ ASONDJ ASONDJ FMAMJ
Page 41 and 42: 27 CH/\P A TAXONOMIC AND NOMENCI ..
Page 43 and 44: 29 (i) Hol,dfast The external morph
Page 45 and 46: 31 {c} The basic cellular arrangeme
Page 47 and 48: 3.1 J03 TYPIFICATION (1) DUX'viUaea
Page 49 and 50: 35 commanded on a scie:ntlfic voyag
Page 51 and 52: 37 recently as 1921 (Cockayne 1921)
Page 53 and 54: stipe (less than 5 em long) and a h
Page 55 and 56: 41 A TeD spccimclI annotated on the
Page 57 and 58: 43 cortex (Figs 3.3a and 3.4e). Oth
Page 59 and 60: 45 and states, "SaY'cophYCU8 simple
Page 61 and 62: 47 holdfast,
Page 63 and 64: 49 Table 3.1 Differences between Du
Page 65 and 66: 51 General distribution: The Chatha
Page 67 and 68: 53 7 ~) (a) Stipitate lateral lamin
Page 69 and 70: (a) Laminaria po~oidea in the Lamou
Page 71: of D. Hook.fil. 1845. TCD .3 in (c)
Page 75: LAMINA SECTIONS OF HERBARIUM SPECIM
Page 79: =.at.:;;;.;;;:.,;;;;....:....;,., .
Page 85 and 86: Figure 3.9. (a) Cape form D. antarc
Page 87 and 88: Sketch to sho\", the direction of s
Page 89 and 90: 65 CHAPTER FOUR DIS'l'RIBtJTION 4.1
Page 91 and 92: 67 (iii) Turbidity Despite the fact
Page 93 and 94: 69 such conditions do noi:. occur o
Page 95 and 96: 71 In addition to bccominq elevated
Page 97 and 98: 73 Result.s: Within a week all of t
Page 99 and 100: 75 below' the violent \..,ave actio
Page 101 and 102: 77 D. antarctica is aistributed aro
Page 103 and 104: 79 l\tlantic coast of 'rierra del F
Page 105 and 106: 81 (vii) South African Coast I have
Page 107 and 108: 83 (f) Chathctica. (a) Sea surface
Page 109 and 110: 85 uninhabited Ca) Sea surface temp
Page 111 and 112: B7 its northern liroi t varies betw
Page 113 and 114: 89 would receive little sunlight, T
Page 115 and 116: 91 the huge populations of large li
Page 117: Figure 4.1. DURVILLAEA HABITATS IN
Page 121 and 122: HABITAT OF D. CHATHAMICA ON THE CHA
Page 123 and 124: DISTRIBUTION OF D. ANTARCTICA AND D
Page 125 and 126: 02 101 lOa "~ ~ o ~ . ~ alt,ri"r 1.
Page 127 and 128: "1 "0 ' ~-~ \ . ............. .. ..
Page 129 and 130: 300 Kilometres Va Ide l I'on o 44 C
Page 131 and 132: 101 CHAPTER FIVE MORPHOLOGY 5.1 INT
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103 There is no evidence to suggest
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105 Sporelings of both species deve
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107 D. wilZana: Apart from obvious
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109 where the impact force of waves
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111 stipe length, holdfast diameter
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113 It is possibl~ that this distal
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115 attached more shallowly. It is
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117 Mean measurements of an:ta'l'ot
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119 An important feature concerning
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Figure 5.1. COMPOSITE HOLDF ASTS
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Figure 5.2. (a) Surface cell off D.
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DEVELOPMENT OF D. ANTARCTICA (1) AN
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Figure 5.4. DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF
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MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION IN D. ANTAR
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Fi~ure 5.7. MEASUREMENTS OF THREE D
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Figure 5.8. DIFFERENT PHENOTYPES OF
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Figure .5.10. AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH OF
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Fi9:ur~ S .12. (a) The effect of fi
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A (wave force v. strong) "I. n :: 2
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E v
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136 the darker granula.r protoplast
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138 Conceptacles first appea.t in s
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140 6" 4 ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS POSS
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142 (b) The exposure experiment: Ou
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141 Al though lim i ted by the fae
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of ostiole ]
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100 Tal.ltukll Bo 40 100 Yalutllku
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148 Table 7.1 Range of stipe length
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150 holes of Oaro spec imens after
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152 Table 7.4 lncrease in the lengt
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154 analyses. Difficulties in taggi
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156 (f) Regeneration: Nei ther spec
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15S of the Ohau but these were easi
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160 (b) At Parititahi, 80% of the t
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Figure 7.1. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PL
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Figure 7.2. HOLE PUNCHING EXPERIMEN
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Figure 7.4. HOLE PUNClHNG EXPERIMEN
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Figure 7.5. GROWTH OF MARK.ED D. AN
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Figure 7.7. GROWTH OF MARKED D. ANT
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Fi9uxe 7 .9. GROW~ OF MARKED D. ANT
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Figure 7 .ll. UNDERSTOREY D. census
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Figure 7.13. GROWTH OF D. ANTARCTIC
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A: Small c: Entire MORTALITY OF MAR
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, , Mean number of marked D. SEASON
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174 CHAPTER EIGHT POPULATION STUDIE
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176 seasonal pattern of grolJlth an
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178 2 MeasuY@ments of standing crop
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180 The two crop measurements obtai
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50 .40 30 20 10 2 3 4 5 TOTAL LEN 6
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30 Area 6, utuku 27 Feb'73 20 n '"
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30 28 26 Standing 24_ c rap as 22 k
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185 CHAPTE!~ NINE EXPERIMENTAL ~MOV
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1B7 KEY -- R Rare. List of flora as
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189 Almost ~lediately after D. anta
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191 areal, but this was to be expec
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193 9.3 Small recolonising D. visib
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195 plants in adjacent control area
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197 holdfasts and those which \tler
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was heavily colonised~ On Area 7, f
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201 9 . 6 SUMMARY OF RESOLTS D. ant
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7 D
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,.. , ~ 3.5 - . . Mean . length ..
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12 10 Mean 8 fit 6 weight .4 x 100g
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Stipe length & Stipe 2 l' Ime ( mar
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12 3 24 3 N" ., J' 1 1",, _____ < .
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Stipe as a % of total wgt. Slipe wg
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d=I099/m 2 2\ Odober' 72 w IJj 0:::
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'-,0 :
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212 CHAPTER TEN DISCUSSION 10.1 SPE
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214 of unknown nature, and by the p
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216 half of ·the s uprali ttoral f
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218 Attempts to cross ... fertilise
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220 growth rate. D. anta~cti~a plan
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222 and fo:t· many of them; the wo
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224 than at Ohau Point where it is
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Nave force inside the OhC!m Point c
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V~riation in ~tanding crop with wav
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230 10.9 Recolonisation by D. antar
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232 kilometres of shore, or alterna
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234 but it is a.lmost an underestim
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~jb minimum age of a plant.. age. T
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238 t.hen a longer. interval betwee
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240 REFERENCES CITED Adams, N.M. (1
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242 Chamberlain, Y.M. (1965). Marin
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244 Fritsch, F.E. (1959) 0 The st~o
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246 Kawashima, S. (1972). A study o
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248 Lindauer, V.W'1 Chapman, V,J, a
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250 Parke, N. (1949). Studies on Br
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252 Suhr, J.N. von (1836), Beitrag
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254 APPENDIX ONE SEA SURFACE TEMPER
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256 APPENDIX ONE (CONTINUED) DATE M
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258 APPENDIX TWO (48) Puysegur Pt.
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260 APPENDIX THREE (CONTINUED) from
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.; .; 262 APPENDIX FIVE LIST OF D,
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