A biological study of Durvillaea antarctica (Chamisso) Hariot and D ...

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256 APPENDIX ONE (CONTINUED) DATE MEAN TEMP, 20 March 1973 21.0 22 May 1973 16_0 1 June 1973 15 .. 0 1 19'13 14:.5 15 August 1973 13.0 26 1973 16.0 29 1973 1504 29 October 1973 16.0 24 November 1973 19.0 1974 2.0.5 17.5 17 .0 2B October 1974 16.2 B March 1975 20.5
257 APPENDIX TWO DIS'I'RteUTION RECORDS OF DURVILLAEA AROUND THE MAINLAND NEW :ZEALAND COAST, Numbers as in Figure 4.4 Baker, National Museuml, Wellington). EM Lwcton, Botany of Auckland);FTW . T. 'lllilliams f Prinoipal Keeper. Brothers Gk south, Memorial Department, PF (Peter Fletcher, Lyttel ton), RVG Auckland); TA "'''''"''''''''''''', Westland National Park) i GRS (G. Robin of GW (Graham IM (Ian Mannering, Kaikoura) 1 tvestland National Park) i TMCM (T.M.C. V. Grace, Department, University of Department, University of Auckland); we (W. Ballantine y Marine Laboratory, of Auckland) i WD ) . SOUTH IS~ND AND STEWART ISLAND: (1) The Brothers (FTW] i (2) Entrance to Tory Channel .obs.]; Whites ,cbs.] ~ (4) Campbell [TMeM]: (51 ~obs.) r (6) Oha'u Point [pars.obs.]; (7) Kaikoura Pen. .obs.]; (B) Ha\I!l\auri Bluff [pers.obs.] i (9) Napinap [pers.obs.] i (IO) • cbs .] i (11) m~ains Bay .obs.]; (12) . obs,] 1 (13) Gateltlay pt. [pers. obs, ] ; (14) Wainui [pers.obs.] i (15) Te aka cbs.] , (17) Kaitigi ,obs, ] i Tairoa Hd. [peX's ,obs • ] : (20) Little . cbs.] ; (16) Kaikanui Pt~ .cbs.] : (19) (21) Cape Saunders [pers .obs.] , Rocks south of St. Clair [pers .. cbs, ]; (23) Nuggets PL [pers.obs.l i (24) 'bs.]; (25) Long Pt. [pers. obs.] i (26) Ta.utuku Pen. .obs.]; (27) Chaslo.nd's Mistake .cbs.]; Curio .obs.]; (29) S Pt. • obs. J i (30) Pt. • obs . ] I (31) I. [Cockayne 1921] i Bunker I. (33 ) ,obs.]; (34) Tia I. 1. [GW]: (37) 'l'amaitemioka I. [ew]; (3B) Near Harb . Codfish L . obs. ] i (40) Solander r. [GW) , . obs.); (4,2) West of Hiverton Rocks .obs.lt .obs.]; (44) Fahia Pt. lpers.obs.J; (45) Por'c rat at. 1974] ; . obs • ] ; ( 39) Barracouta Pt . Oraka PL ,obs.J; Sandhill Pt. [pers.obs,]i (47) Windsor Pt.
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A BIOLOGICAL STODY OF AN'JlARCTICA
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j i "The seas: CCl1l1(2: running in
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v CHAPlEt( 7 8 9 10 t\ PPE ND ICES
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vii Fot' theil' effol"ts to obi;ain
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CHAPTER INTRODUCTION I acid and its
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1 CHAPTER TWO MATERIALS AND METHODS
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(c) Standing crop Nas measured as w
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7 the primary blade broke off. Furt
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9 four sites: Areas 5b and 6b at 'f
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1 t the rock surface. Area E (1 x 2
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13 ____ ~ __ 2_._2 Scale of concept
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15 added to the top of the tube. Th
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In addition, dai records of sea sta
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19 The series of low ridges absorbs
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Figure 2.1. LOCATION OF PRINCIPAL S
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Figur.e 2.3. TAU'l'UKU STODY AREA.
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T fine cracks D
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'to J ~" FMAMJ ASONDJ ASONDJ FMAMJ
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27 CH/\P A TAXONOMIC AND NOMENCI ..
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29 (i) Hol,dfast The external morph
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31 {c} The basic cellular arrangeme
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3.1 J03 TYPIFICATION (1) DUX'viUaea
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35 commanded on a scie:ntlfic voyag
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37 recently as 1921 (Cockayne 1921)
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stipe (less than 5 em long) and a h
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41 A TeD spccimclI annotated on the
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43 cortex (Figs 3.3a and 3.4e). Oth
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45 and states, "SaY'cophYCU8 simple
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47 holdfast,
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49 Table 3.1 Differences between Du
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51 General distribution: The Chatha
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53 7 ~) (a) Stipitate lateral lamin
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(a) Laminaria po~oidea in the Lamou
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of D. Hook.fil. 1845. TCD .3 in (c)
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LAMINA SECTIONS OF HERBARIUM SPECIM
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=.at.:;;;.;;;:.,;;;;....:....;,., .
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(b) (c) (d) SECTIONS THROUGH THE ME
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II I J c d
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f end of lamina or differentiated m
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66 that DurvilZaea extends several
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613 numerous narrow channels. On th
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70 from IVJLWS to a level between t
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72 within 0,3-0.5 m of the band. Th
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74 Some growing on crevices on the
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76 level of stl/ards of D. ar/"l;ar
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78
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80 algae except for those in crevic
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82 (d) Australia: D. potatoY'UflJ i
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84 d~stribution at species, winter
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86 several thousand miles. It is li
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80 (cl D. antarctica extends no nor
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90 The most southern tip of South A
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92 islands. On Kerguelen and Crozet
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Figure 4.2. D. ANTARCTICA AT HEARD
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d e
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~I 50
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WORLD DISTRIBUTION OF DlIRVILLAl!:A
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Figure 4.6. DISTRIBUTION OF D. ANTA
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50 45 /" b WATER LOSS /0 EXPESSED A
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102 In almost all the composite hol
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104 confined to the merist.oderm, t
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106 longe:r.: than D. anta:.r'ctica
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108 This is not the only way that l
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110 (iii) Cape form (Figs.3.9a,b: 5
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of antarctica across a 9 Sa 8 7 10
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114 'rable 5,3 Measurements of D. a
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116 Subsequent reg~neration of shor
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118 at the entran.ce to l-'Iilford
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120 with increasing latitude. The i
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1mm
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t lOO,AU".
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30-60mins 2
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J I em IDem J ] 10 em ] IOcm 3-4 we
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f
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CJ) -0 I\) Q.. 60 50 Q 3 40 ~ ....
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Figure 5.9. CLIFF FACES AT TADTUKU.
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UNUSUAL STIPE FEATURES OF D. A GROW
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DEGREE OF LAMINA DIVIStON AND HONEY
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Figure 5.14. COMPARISONS OF SAMPLES
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135 CHAPTER SlX REPRODUCTION AND PH
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137 Hyphae invade the neck region o
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'I'he reproductive period of D. wil
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141 A large number of ova at 20°C
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143 released in each of the three s
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Figure 6.1. DEVELOPMENT OF CONCEPTA
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Figure 6.2. REPRODUCTIVE PERIODICIT
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147 CHAPTER SEVEN GROWTH AND MORTAL
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149 (i) Holes punched longitudinall
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4 lSI growth in the length for the
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153 Table 7.5 Frequency of D. antaY
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155 Holdfast diameter increB,sed at
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157 7.5 MORTJ.l.LITY (a) Mortality
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159 seasonal pattern simila~ to tha
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161 A similar of small plants there
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! 6.0~ 5.8 Total 5.6 Ie ngth 5.4 (
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120 100 E E ~ 8 c ~6 ~ +- (I) ..n I
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202 t 1 2 J1cm 3 11 1c
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A Perce:n increase in diameter x lO
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60 Percentage increase 40 in length
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70 60 Percentage increase 40 in len
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il10rease 20 ill rot!)1 length. r '
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mortality 3 .' ' A , ••••
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5 4 Percent mottality:1 per month h
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60 50 2 :3 Plant length (metras) 5
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175 total length closely resembled
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177 sampling error l , and to elimi
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179 of the shoreline; a procedure r
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Figure 8.1. SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF A
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Figure 8.2. size at different seaso
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F i2..ur e 8. 3 • SEASONAL VARIAT
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(a) STORM DAMAGE TO A D. WILLANA BE
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186 clumps of Pachyme~ia ZU8oria, G
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HIB (continued) Species sp. 5P, Zin
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190 On areas cleared during spring
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192 mlportant cause was probably pr
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194 recoLonis of D.anta .. cticc't
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196 (d) Numex~cal density: While st
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198 Although the standing crop of D
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200 however 1 the articulated coral
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SUCCESSION ON AREAS CLEARED IN SPRI
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Figure 9.2. GROWTH IN LENGTH OF REC
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ANTARCTICA: confidence limits. GRCW
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Figure 9.5. KAIKOURA. STIPE GROWTH
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Figure 9.7. STIPE GROWTH OF RECOLON
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Figure 9.9. change in the stipe pro
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Figure 9.12. CHAOOE IN S1 ZE DISTRI
Page 273 and 274: Figure 9.13. Growth of ~ua1l « 0.5
Page 275: Figure 9.14. EXPERIMENTAL REMOVAL O
Page 280 and 281: 213 pathway of Du~vittaea sp. ALLOP
Page 282 and 283: 215 'co d:tying conditions than D.
Page 284 and 285: 217 appears to be gl:eatly influenc
Page 286 and 287: 219 tide. From Bayle's Law 1 the bl
Page 288 and 289: 221 buoyancy. A highly honeycombed
Page 290 and 291: 223 of D. antaratiaa across 25° of
Page 292 and 293: 22S Hasegawa (1962) and Kat ... ash
Page 294 and 295: 5 ..· 7 years old. Some were still
Page 296 and 297: 229 . or combinations of species, p
Page 298 and 299: 231 Harvesters will not cut all sma
Page 300 and 301: 233 10.10 THE RESOURCE RELATIVE TO
Page 302 and 303: 235 10.11 SUMMARY (1) Four DurviZZa
Page 304 and 305: 237 (17) The mean standing crop of
Page 306: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TIME OF HARVES
Page 309 and 310: 241 Batham, E.J, (1965). Rocky shor
Page 311 and 312: 243 DaNson, E. Y. (1966). Marine bo
Page 313 and 314: Hooker, J.D. and Harvey, W.H. (1843
Page 315 and 316: 247 Kuehnemann, O. (1970). Algunas
Page 317 and 318: 249 Moore, L.B. and Cribb, A.S, (19
Page 319 and 320: 251 Skottsberg, c. (1941). Communit
Page 321 and 322: 253 Will. H. (1890). internationaZe
Page 323: 255 APPENDIX ONE (CONTINUED) (b) DA
Page 327 and 328: 259 APPENDI)( THREE DISTRIBUTIONAL
Page 329 and 330: 261 APPFNDIX FOUR DRIFT RECORDS OF
Page 332: 264 (i) Boil the dried kelp in a sa
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