Pronomen Abundans and Pronomen Coniunctum. A ... - DWC

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28 PRONOMEN ABUNDANS AND PRONOMEN CONIUNCTUM xal ToVTOV elvexa àxo"'ov~O'OVO't'JI aVTqJ (TOVTOV elvexa refeITing to the two functions of f-leTÉxetv and XOt'JIwveiv). Asclep. Tact. I 3 TO f-lèvlyyv{}ev (f-laxóf-levov) ..., f-lax~oiç .•. Xf!Wf-lE'JIOV ... Toiç Mf!aO't'JI, () xal 60f!aTorpÓf!OV TOVTO ••• nf!oO'aYOf!eVeTat 73. We see that in this sort of texts the pronomen alJundans or any redundant phrase is not very frequent. This, of course, may be caused by their rather plain and unemotional style. 2.2.3.4. Pausanias Pausan. II 4,6 lç 6ij TOV ' AXf!oxóf!t'JI'{}ov TOVTOV àvwvatv lO'Tt'JI "Iat60ç uf-lév'YJ, div -riJv f-lèv IIeÄaylav, Tijv 6è AlyvnTlav aVTwv lnovof-lá!;ovO't'JI. A similar example, where the relat. clause is split into two parts, is CaU., Epigr. 42,3 in 2.2.3.2. In the example taken from Pausanias the position of m3Twv (in the second part) seems more natural 74 . 2.2.3.5. Papyri P. Ryl. 154,13 (66 A.D.) 75 • •• aeovf!at ÉnTà f'Jf-ltO'v Tha(!TOV, div yslToveç T 0 V T W V VÓTOV nf!óuf!ov • H f!u>e"'el60v . . . x"'ijf!oç, fJof!f!ä . . . It is interesting to compare this sentence with one occuITing a few lines later: 16-7 . .. yslTovsç 6è TOVTWV VÓTOV Baxxlovoç . . . x).ijf!oç, fJof!f!ä . . . In content and form the two look v~ry much alike. The only difference is that the fust is introduced by arelat. pronoun (foUowed by a pronomen abundans), whereas the second is connected with the preceding sentence by means of the connection 6è and the demonstr. pronoun TOVTWV. P. Oxy. I 95,16 (129 A.D.) ... 60v).'YJç ..., fjv lXTOU na(!el"''YJrpsv ... TavT'YJv TOtavT'YJv àvanóf!f!trpov .. . (see 2.2.1). P. Amh. II 77,25 ff. (139 A.D.) 76 .•• onsf! rpaVSf!Ov TOVTO lyévsTO Toiç ... È1I:tT'YJf!'YJTaiç ... (see 2.2.1). B.G.U. I 330 (153 A.D.) ... onsf! aUTO TOVTO vnonuvw (see 2.2.1). P. Oxy. I 117,12 ff. (II-III A.D.) lnsf-ltpa vf-leiv ... éáx'YJ Mo ..., È~ div 6wO'stç Toiç natMotç O'ov lv È~ aVTWV. P. Bad. II 43,6 ff. (III A.D.) 77 lvsfJaMf-ls{}a elç TO n).oiov 'Uf!axoç TOV nOAtTtUOv TOV cplAov aov , önov lltEVeç È,,{}áóe ä,,' (= ällw 1) tv Tij ol,,{q. aVTOV, È"'alov fJá6ta TÉO'O'Sf!a. This time it is not arelat. pronoun, but a relat. adverb which is clarified. 73 Oldfather changes 0 into b,' ö. Although he does deprive us of one of our examples, it must be admitted that the text as offered by him is more plausibIe. 74 Cf. also Anth. Pal. VII 72 (see 2.2.3.2), which is similar to CaU., Epigr. 42,3, at least as far as the position of the pronomen abundans is concerned. 75 HUDt-Edgar I 4. There is some chance that in this case (sentences like this of ten occur in contracts) the presence of the pronomen abundans is due to influences of the Coptic language. See note 413. For a treatment on these Coptisms see G. Mussies, Egyptianisms in a Late Ptolemaic Document, P. L. Bat. XVII (1968; = Antidoron Martino David), pp. 70 ff. 76 See note 62. 77 Quoted from Kapsomenakis, pp. 99- 100.
PRONOMEN ABUNDANS AND PRONOMEN CONIUNCTUM 29 2.2.3.6. Conclusion From this survey we may conclude that Polybius, offering 11 out of 26 examples, has to be considered as an exceptional case and will need special attention. There are four more instances which may be classified as belonging to literary Greek: Diod. I 97,2, Call., Epigr. 42,3, Antk. Pal. VII 72 (all in 2.2.3.2) and Pausan. II 4,6 (2.2.3.4). Thus 15 cases originate from literary texts, among which 11 from the History of Polybius only. It should be noted that the three last-mentioned cases are all of the same structure 78. In the professional texts not many cases appear: only four, and among those there are two rather dubious ones. In the papyri, finally, we have found 7 examples of the pronomen abundans, 3 in private letters (including one dubious case: P. Petr. II 13,19 in 2.2.3.2), 2 in contracts and 2 in official declarations. 2.3. Function and Use of tke Pronomen Abundans in tke Koine 2.3.1. Similarities witk Ancient Greek In 2.2.1 we have discussed some examples which impressed us as being similar to ones occurring in Ancient Greek texts. We reached the conclusion then that not only in Ancient Greek, but also in the Koine the pronomen abundans is used for clearness' sake and in order to emphasize a certain word. There is still another similarity: all the relat. clauses in which appears a pronomen abundans or another sort of pleonastic phrase are nonessential and independent, just like in Ancient Greek. The similarity is even greater: in the Koine the construction of relat. connection plays the same part. Cases of genuine relat. connection are all the examples taken from Polybius 79 and P. Petr. II 13,19 (2.2.3.2). All the other instances may, although the relat. pronoun is not preceded by a period or semi-colon, be viewed as cases of relat. connection: each one of them is so independent that the relat. pronoun functions as a connection between two principal sentences. 2.3.2. Differences witk Ancient Greek In 2.2.2 we have seen some examples which, as far as we know, could never have occurred in Ancient Greek texts: the relat. clause is not extremely long, is not interrupted by another clause and nothing proves the presence of emotional emphasis as in Ar., Av. 1237. What then is the special meaning - and special it should be: there are only 26 instances! - in these cases 1 78 See 2.2.3.4 and note 74. 79 Polyb. VI 10,3 is a parenthesis (Hit is by them, namely, that they are destroyed"), which, as we have seen (1.4), rnay be viewed as arelat. connection.
Page 1 and 2: VERHANDELINGEN DER KONINKLIJKE NEDE
Page 3 and 4: CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1. Definition
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Page 14 and 15: 14 PRONOMEM ABUNDANS AND PRONOMEN C
Page 22 and 23: 22 PRONOMEN AlIUNDANS AND PRONOMEN
Page 24 and 25: 24 l'RONOMEN ABUNDANS AND PRONOMEN
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78 PRONOMEN ABUNDANS AND PRONOMEN C
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PART III BYZANTINE PERIOD 1. INTROD
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92 PRONOMEM ABUNDANS AND PRONOMEN C
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94 PRONOMEN ABUNDANS AND PRONOMEM C
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98 PRONOMEN ABUNDAN8 AND PRONOMEN C
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100 PRONOMEN ABUNDANS AND PRONOMEN
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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS A. TEXTS Achi
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