Railway Reform: Toolkit for Improving Rail Sector Performance - ppiaf

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Railway Reform: Toolkit for Improving Rail Sector Performance Annex 2: Benchmarking Box 1 (cont.) Railway Benchmarks Name Definition Interpretation Coach productivity Passenger-km/coach A measure of how much passenger traffic is produced with the railway coach fleet. High utilization of this expensive asset gives the railway an advantage in reaching economic viability. If the railway operates both coaches and MU equipment, MU coaches should be added to the coach total. Higher figures are usually associated with high-speed rail or commuter services; lower numbers indicate longer-haul services with lower-density seating, and significant coach space allocated to dining or sleeping. Thus it is important to benchmark against railways with similar types of passenger services. Employee productivity Other Measures (passenger-km + ton-km)/ employee A measure of how much traffic is produced with the railway labor force. Labor is the largest single-cost item for nearly all railways, so output per employee is fundamental to financial and economic viability. Locomotive availability Locomotive-km/ day Wagon availability Locomotives available/total locomotives in the fleet A measure of the technical capacity of the railway to maintain its locomotives and to provide funding for spare parts. U.S. Class I railroads expect a diesel locomotive availability ratio of 90-95 percent. In the developing world, good performance would be 70-90 percent. A ratio below 70 percent or a ratio that is deteriorating over time indicates a management problem. A measure of the work performed by railway locomotives. Units may be number of locomotives or locomotive hours Locomotivekm/locomotives/365 Wagons available/total wagons in fleet A measure of the technical capacity of the railway to maintain its wagons and to provide funding for spare parts. Units may be number of wagons or wagon hours Wagon-km/day Wagon-km/wagons/365 A measure of the work performed by railway wagons. A low figure implies low use—that wagons linger in shunting yards, or that the wagon fleet is too large. Wagon cycle time Load-to-empty ratio (wagons*365)/loads May be independently measured in railway’s operation system. Loaded wagon-km/empty wagon-km A measure of wagon use intensity. A high figure may indicate too much time in shunting yards, inefficient redistribution of empty wagons, or unused wagons spending a lot of time in storage because the fleet is too large. A measure of how much of wagon movement is revenue generating. A low ratio of loaded to empty may indicate inefficient redistribution of empty wagons. Unit train movements have a load-to-empty ratio of approximately 1, so the measure is strongly affected by the nature of traffic. The World Bank Page 224
Railway Reform: Toolkit for Improving Rail Sector Performance Annex 2: Benchmarking Box 1 (cont.) Railway Benchmarks Name Definition Interpretation Coach availability Coaches available/total A measure of railway technical capacity to maintain its coaches coaches in the fleet and provide funding for spare parts. Units may be number of coaches or coach hours Coach-km per day Coach-km/coaches/365 A measure of work performed by railway coaches, which is strongly affected by the nature of railway traffic. A railway with long-distance service will have higher coach-km per day than a railway with commuter service. MU availability MU trains available /total MU trains in fleet ‘Units’ may be number of MU trains or MU train hours A measure of railway technical capacity to maintain its MUs and to provide funding for spare parts. 4 Collecting the Data Sources for benchmarking data include the following: • World Bank Railways Database (updated in 2007), provides a set of indicators for the railway transport that includes size, scale and productivity measures over a sufficient time frame for adequate cross-sectional and time series performance evaluations, including financial and physical measures. http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTTRANSPORT/EXT RAILWAYS/0,,contentMDK:22614614~menuPK:7260743~pagePK:210058~piPK :210062~theSitePK:515245~isCURL:Y,00.html • UIC maintains the Railisa database with railway physical indicators, including all UIC railways over many decades, allowing cross-sectional and timeseries evaluations. http://www.uic.org/spip.php?article1352 • Other Rail Industry Associations may compile member statistics. For example, the Association of American Railroads produces several statistical publications on the North American railway industry. http://www.aar.org/StatisticsAndPublications.aspx • Railway websites offer selected physical indicators and/or railways financial reports. For example, Turkish State Railways publishes statistics on its website (http://www.tcdd.gov.tr/home/detail/?id=305) Deutsche Bahn publishes its financial statements on its website. http://www.deutschebahn.com/ecm2-dben/ir/financial_reports/reports_2010_2009.html) • Government Statistical Agencies usually collect statistics on railway traffic and infrastructure size. For example, the Ukrainian Statistics Agency The World Bank Page 225
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Railway Reform: Toolkit for Improving Rail Sector Performance - ppiaf

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