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A history of Greek mathematics - Wilbourhall.org

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'<br />

APPENDIX<br />

On Archimedes's 'pro<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> the sabtangent-property <strong>of</strong><br />

a spiral.<br />

The section <strong>of</strong> the treatise On Spirals from Prop. 3 to<br />

Prop. 20 is an elaborate series <strong>of</strong> propositions leading up<br />

to the pro<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> the fundamental property <strong>of</strong> the subtangent<br />

corresponding to the tangent at any point on any turn <strong>of</strong> the<br />

spiral. Libri, doubtless with this series <strong>of</strong> propositions in<br />

mind, remarks (Histoire des sciences mathematiques en Italie,<br />

i, p. 31) that'Apres vingt siecles de travaux et de de'couvertes,<br />

les intelligences les plus puissantes viennent encore<br />

echouer contre la synthase difficile du Traite des Spirales<br />

d'Archimede.' There is no foundation for this statement,<br />

which seems to be a too hasty generalization from a dictum,<br />

apparently <strong>of</strong> Fontenelle, in the Histoire de VAcademic des<br />

Sciences pour Vannee 1704 (p. 42 <strong>of</strong> the edition <strong>of</strong> 1722),<br />

who says <strong>of</strong> the pro<strong>of</strong>s <strong>of</strong> Archimedes in the work On<br />

'<br />

Spirals : Elles sont si longues, et si difficiles a embrasser,<br />

que, comme on Fa pu voir dans la Preface de 1'Analyse des<br />

Infiniment petits, M. Bouillaud a avoue qu'il ne les avoit<br />

jamais bien entendues, et que Viete les a injustement soupc<br />

j<br />

onne'es de paralogisme, parce qu'il n'avoit pu non plus<br />

parvenir a les bien entendre. Mais toutes les preuves qu'on<br />

peut donner de leur difficulte' et de leur obscurity tournent<br />

a la gloire d'Archimede ; car quelle vigueur d'esprit, quelle<br />

quantity de vues difTe'rentes, quelle opiniatrete' de travail n'at-il<br />

pas fallu pour lier et pour disposer un raisonnement que<br />

quelques-uns de nos plus grands ge'ometres ne peuvent suivre,<br />

et tout dispose' qu'il est ?<br />

tout lie'<br />

P. Tannery has observed 1 that, as a matter <strong>of</strong> fact, no<br />

mathematicians <strong>of</strong> real authority who have applied or extended<br />

Archimedes's methods (such men as Huygens, Pascal,<br />

Roberval and Fermat, who alone could have expressed an<br />

opinion worth having), have ever complained <strong>of</strong> the<br />

1<br />

Bulletin des sciences mathematiques, 1895, Part i, pp. 265-71.

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