SUbstance flow analysis of the recycling of small waste electrical ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

132 Substance flow analysis of the recycling of small WEEE Huisman 2003 Huisman 2004 Huisman et al. 2004 Huisman et al. 2007 IAER 2006 ICER 2003 ICER 2004 ICER 2005 IFEU 2005 IPTS 2006 IVF 2007 Huisman, J. The QWERTY/EE concept, Quantifying Recyclability and Eco-Efficiency for End-of-Life Treatment of Consumer Electronic Products. Doctoral thesis, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands, 2003 Huisman, J. QWERTY and Eco-Efficiency analysis on cellular phone treatment in Sweden. The eco-efficiency of the direct smelter route versus mandatory disassembly of Printed Circuit Boards. Stockholm, Sweden: El-Kretsen, 2004 Huisman, J.; Stevels, A. L. N.; Stobbe I. Eco-Efficiency Considerations on the End-of-Life of Consumer Electronic Products. IEEE Transactions On Electronics Packaging Manufacturing, vol. 27, no. 1, January 2004: 9-25 Huisman, J.; Magalini, F.; Kuehr, R.; Maurer, C.; Delgado, C.; Artim, E.; Stevels, A.L.N. 2008 Review of Directive 2002/96 on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE). United Nations University, Bonn, Germany, 2007 International Association of Electronics Recyclers. IAER Electronics Recycling Industry Report 2006. Albany, New York, USA, 2006. Data completed by an e-mail of the editor John H. Powers on December 13, 2008 Industry Council for Electronic Equipment Recycling (ICER). New Approach to Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Recycling. 2003. Available online: www.icer.org.uk/research.htm (accessed January 2009) Industry Council for Electronic Equipment Recycling (ICER). WEEE — Green list waste study. Report prepared by ICER for the Environment Agency, April 2004. Available online: www.icer.org.uk/research.htm (accessed January 2009) Industry Council for Electronic Equipment Recycling (ICER). Status Report on Waste Electrical & Electronic Equipment in the UK. Interim report, January 2005 Müller, B.; Giegrich, J. Beitrag der Abfallwirtschaft zur nachhaltigen Entwicklung in Deutschland – Fallbeispiel Elektro- und Elektronikaltgeräte [Contribution of waste management to sustainable development in Germany – Case example WEEE]. UFO-Plan- Vorhaben des Umweltbundesamtes, Endbericht. Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung (IFEU), Heidelberg, Juni 2005 Institute for Prospective Technological Studies, Joint Research Centre, European Commission. Implementation of the Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment Directive in the EU. Report EUR 22231 EN. European Communities, Seville, 2006 IVF Industrial Research and Development Corporation. Preparatory studies for Eco-design Lot 3: Personal Computers (desktops and laptops) and Computer Monitors. Final Report (Task 1-8). European Commission, Contract TREN/D1/40-2005/LOT3/S07.56313. IVF Report 07004, 2007 IZT 2004 Institut für Zukunftsstudien und Technologiebewertung (IZT). Nachhaltige Bestandsbewirtschaftung nicht erneuerbarer knapper Ressourcen - Handlungsoptionen und Steuerungsinstrumente am Beispiel von Kupfer und Blei [Sustainable usage of nonrenewable scarce resources - options and instruments using the example of copper and lead]. WerkstattBericht Nr. 68, Förderung mit Mitteln der Volkswagen-Stiftung (FKZ: II/75 514), 2004 Janz 2006 Janz, A. Sortieranalyse Restabfall verschiedenener Bebauungsstrukturen [Sorting analysis of residual waste from various development structures]. Unpublished. Dresden, 2006 Janz & Bilitewski 2007 Janz, A.; Bilitewski, B. Elektrische und elektronische Altgeräte im Restabfall nach Umsetzung des ElektroG [Share of small WEEE in residual household waste since obligatory for separate collection]. Müll und Abfall 7, 2007: 325-327
References 133 Janz & Bilitewski 2009 Janz, A.; Bilitewski, B. Auswirkungen des ElektroG auf den Schadstoffeintrag im Restabfall [Impacts of the ElektroG on the contamination load in residual waste]. In: Bilitewski, B.; Werner, P.; Janz, A. Brennpunkt ElektroG Umsetzung – Defizite – Notwendigkeiten. Dresden: Schriftenreihe des Institutes für Abfallwirtschaft und Altlasten, TU Dresden, 2009 Janz et al. 2009a Janz et al. 2009b Janz, A.; Bilitewski, B.; Prelle, R.; Müller, F. Grenzüberschreitende Ströme von Elektroaltgeräten [Transboundary flows of WEEE]. Müll und Abfall 3, 2009: 126-133 Janz, A.; Prelle, R.; Chancerel, P. Behandlung und Export von Elektronikschrott [Treatment and export of WEEE]. UmweltMagazin March 2009: 46-48 Johnson et al. 2005a Johnson, J.; Bertram, M.; Henderson, K.; Jirikowic, J.; Graedel, T.E. The contemporary Asian silver cycle: One-year stocks and flows. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 7(2), 2005: 93-103 Johnson et al. 2005b Johnson, J.; Jirikowic, J.; Bertram, M.; Van Beers, D.; Gordon, R.B.; Henderson, K.; Klee, R.J.; Lanzano, T.; Lifset, R.J.; Oetjen, L.; Graedel, T.E. Contemporary anthropogenic silver cycle: A multilevel analysis. Environmental Science & Technology 39, 2005: 4655-4665 Kahhat et al. 2008 Kahhat, R.; Kim, J.; Xu, M.; Allenby, B.; Williams, E.; Zhang, P. Exploring e-waste management systems in the United States. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 52, 2008: 955–964 Kahhat & Williams 2009 Kahhat, R.; Williams, E. Product or Waste? Importation and End-of-Life Processing of Computers in Peru. Environmental Science & Technology, in press. Published online on June 12, 2009 Kang & Schoenung 2005 Kang, H.Y.; Schoenung, J.M. Electronic waste recycling: a review of U.S. infrastructure and technology options. Resource Conservation and Recycling 45 (4), 2005: 368–400 Keller 2006 Keller, M. Assessment of gold recovery processes in Bangalore, India and evaluation of an alternative recycling path for printed wiring boards. Diploma thesis, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Zürich, 2006 Koehnlechner 2008 Koehnlechner, R. E-waste in Canada – Gold Diggers in E-Waste. RecyclingMagazin 18, 2008: 6-11 Kramer 1994 Krause et al. 2006 Kreibe et al. 1996 Kramer, T. Mechanische Aufbereitung von Leiterplatten [Mechanical processing of printed circuit boards]. In Verwertung von Elektro- und Elektronikgeräten [Recycling von electrical and electronic appliances]. Materialien Nr. 3., proceedings of 6. Aachener Kolloquium Abfallwirtschaft. Essen, Germany: Landesumweltamt Nordrhein-Westfalen, 1994 Krause, F.-L.; Herrmann, C.; Frad, A.; Zbigniew, R.; Luger, T. Integrating End-of-Life Evaluation in Conceptual Design. 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Electronics and the Environment, San Francisco, 2006: 245-250 Kreibe, S.; Wagner, J.; Rommel, K. Verwertung und Beseitigung von Leiterplattenschrott [Recovery and disposal of waste printed circuit boards]. BIfA-Text Nr. 7. Bayerisches Institut für Abfallforschung, Böblingen, Germany, 1996 Kumar & Shrihari 2007 Kumar, P.; Shrihari, S. Estimation and material flow analysis of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) – a case study of Mangalore City, Karnataka, India. Proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management, Chennai, India, 5–7 September 2007: 148–154 Lanzano et al. 2006 Lee et al. 2007 Lanzano, T.; Bertram, M.; De Paloa, M.; Wagner, C.; Zyla, K.; Graedel, T.E. The contemporary European silver cycle. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 46, 2006: 27–43 Lee, J.-C.; Song, H.T.; Yoo, J.-M. Present status of the recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipment in Korea. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 50 (4), 2007: 380– 397
Page 1:
ITU-Schriftenreihe, 2010 Institut f
Page 4 and 5:
Bibliografische Information Der Deu
Page 7 and 8:
Acknowledgements Here I would like
Page 9 and 10:
Kurzfassung Die Nachfrage nach Edel
Page 11 and 12:
Composition of the doctoral thesis
Page 13 and 14:
4.1.1. Generation .................
Page 15 and 16:
Figure 25 Flows of gold and palladi
Page 17 and 18:
Table 26 Quantity of sWEEE (includi
Page 19 and 20:
List of abbreviations Ag Au BAT CE
Page 21 and 22:
1. Introduction and objectives of t
Page 23 and 24:
2. Background and definitions 23 Du
Page 25 and 26:
2. Background and definitions 25 an
Page 27 and 28:
2. Background and definitions 27 2.
Page 29 and 30:
2. Background and definitions 29 pu
Page 31 and 32:
2. Background and definitions 31 Ta
Page 33 and 34:
2. Background and definitions 33 Fi
Page 35 and 36:
2. Background and definitions 35 2.
Page 37 and 38:
2. Background and definitions 37 Th
Page 39 and 40:
2. Background and definitions 39 tr
Page 41 and 42:
2. Background and definitions 41 ha
Page 43 and 44:
2. Background and definitions 43 co
Page 45 and 46:
2. Background and definitions 45 th
Page 47 and 48:
2. Background and definitions 47 Re
Page 49 and 50:
2. Background and definitions 49 So
Page 51 and 52:
3. Method 51 Table 8 Groups of equi
Page 53 and 54:
3. Method 53 Because many data on c
Page 55 and 56:
3. Method 55 Equipment group Equipm
Page 57 and 58:
3. Method 57 3.3.2. Data on materia
Page 59 and 60:
3. Method 59 1. The visible hazardo
Page 61 and 62:
3. Method 61 uncertainties were ent
Page 63 and 64:
4. Data inventory 63 4. Data invent
Page 65 and 66:
4. Data inventory 65 Table 11 shows
Page 67 and 68:
4. Data inventory 67 The following
Page 69 and 70:
4. Data inventory 69 average weight
Page 71 and 72:
4. Data inventory 71 Collection cha
Page 73 and 74:
4. Data inventory 73 Table 20 Repar
Page 75 and 76:
4. Data inventory 75 was applied to
Page 77 and 78:
4. Data inventory 77 Table 26 Quant
Page 79 and 80:
4. Data inventory 79 The variation
Page 81 and 82: 4. Data inventory 81 Due to the lim
Page 83 and 84: 4. Data inventory 83 apparent gold.
Page 85 and 86: 4. Data inventory 85 Table 33 Avera
Page 87 and 88: 5. Quantification of the flows of g
Page 99 and 100: 6. Discussion of the results of the
Page 109 and 110: 7. Recommendations 109 7. Recommend
Page 111 and 112: 7. Recommendations 111 WEEE contai
Page 113 and 114: 7. Recommendations 113 After collec
Page 115 and 116: 7. Recommendations 115 in the case
Page 117 and 118: 7. Recommendations 117 In many case
Page 119 and 120: 7. Recommendations 119 manufacturer
Page 121 and 122: 7. Recommendations 121 the manufact
Page 123 and 124: 7. Recommendations 123 Reuter et al
Page 125 and 126: 8. Conclusion 125 All the equipment
Page 127 and 128: References 127 Binder 2007 BITKOM 2
Page 129 and 130: References 129 CIWMB 2004b Clift &
Page 131: References 131 Greenpeace 2005 Gree
Page 135 and 136: References 135 Melissen 2006 Mesker
Page 137 and 138: References 137 Rhein et al. 2008 Rh
Page 139 and 140: References 139 StEP 2009 Stevels 20
Page 141 and 142: References 141 Veldhuizen & Sippel
Page 143 and 144: References 143 Legislative texts Ba
Page 145 and 146: Appendices 145 Appendix 1 Equipment
Page 147 and 148: Appendices 147 Appendix 2 Average c
Page 149 and 150: Appendices 149 Appendix 4 Past and
Page 151 and 152: Appendices 151 Eq. group Equipment
Page 153 and 154: Appendices 153 2 Assumptions based
Page 159 and 160: Appendices 159 Appendix 8 Flows of
Page 161 and 162: Appendices 161 Appendix 10 Flows of
show all

SUbstance flow analysis of the recycling of small waste electrical ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?