SUbstance flow analysis of the recycling of small waste electrical ...

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96 Substance flow analysis of the recycling of small WEEE kg Gold 500 450 400 350 Informal treatment Formal treatment Non-separated collection 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Mobile phones Desktop personal computer CRT monitor Large highgrade equipment Small highgrade equipment Low-grade equipment Figure 28 Quantity of gold discarded and origin of the losses in Germany in 2007 kg Gold 8000 7000 6000 Informal treatment Formal treatment Non-separated collection 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 Mobile phones Desktop personal computer CRT monitor Large highgrade equipment Small highgrade equipment Low-grade equipment Figure 29 Quantity of gold discarded and origin of the losses in the USA in 2007 In total, about half of the losses of gold associated with sWEEE in Germany are a consequence of the non-separated collection of WEEE. In the USA, around 82% of the gold is lost because of non-separated collection. The losses caused by the formal treatment amount to about 43% in Germany and about 10% in the USA. In both countries, around 7% of the losses are due to inadequate treatment in the informal sector.
5. Quantification of the flows of gold and palladium 97 1 The uncertainties presented in the Sankey-diagrams are the standard deviations, and not the radius of the 95%-confidence interval (1299 ± 189 tonnes means that the standard deviation of the calculated 1299 tonnes is 189 tonnes). The radius of the 95%-confidence interval of the result is assumed to be twice the standard deviation.
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ITU-Schriftenreihe, 2010 Institut f
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Bibliografische Information Der Deu
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Acknowledgements Here I would like
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Kurzfassung Die Nachfrage nach Edel
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Composition of the doctoral thesis
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4.1.1. Generation .................
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Figure 25 Flows of gold and palladi
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Table 26 Quantity of sWEEE (includi
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List of abbreviations Ag Au BAT CE
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1. Introduction and objectives of t
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2. Background and definitions 23 Du
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2. Background and definitions 43 co
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Page 51 and 52: 3. Method 51 Table 8 Groups of equi
Page 53 and 54: 3. Method 53 Because many data on c
Page 55 and 56: 3. Method 55 Equipment group Equipm
Page 57 and 58: 3. Method 57 3.3.2. Data on materia
Page 59 and 60: 3. Method 59 1. The visible hazardo
Page 61 and 62: 3. Method 61 uncertainties were ent
Page 63 and 64: 4. Data inventory 63 4. Data invent
Page 65 and 66: 4. Data inventory 65 Table 11 shows
Page 67 and 68: 4. Data inventory 67 The following
Page 69 and 70: 4. Data inventory 69 average weight
Page 71 and 72: 4. Data inventory 71 Collection cha
Page 73 and 74: 4. Data inventory 73 Table 20 Repar
Page 75 and 76: 4. Data inventory 75 was applied to
Page 77 and 78: 4. Data inventory 77 Table 26 Quant
Page 79 and 80: 4. Data inventory 79 The variation
Page 81 and 82: 4. Data inventory 81 Due to the lim
Page 83 and 84: 4. Data inventory 83 apparent gold.
Page 85 and 86: 4. Data inventory 85 Table 33 Avera
Page 87 and 88: 5. Quantification of the flows of g
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Page 99 and 100: 6. Discussion of the results of the
Page 109 and 110: 7. Recommendations 109 7. Recommend
Page 111 and 112: 7. Recommendations 111 WEEE contai
Page 113 and 114: 7. Recommendations 113 After collec
Page 115 and 116: 7. Recommendations 115 in the case
Page 117 and 118: 7. Recommendations 117 In many case
Page 119 and 120: 7. Recommendations 119 manufacturer
Page 121 and 122: 7. Recommendations 121 the manufact
Page 123 and 124: 7. Recommendations 123 Reuter et al
Page 125 and 126: 8. Conclusion 125 All the equipment
Page 127 and 128: References 127 Binder 2007 BITKOM 2
Page 129 and 130: References 129 CIWMB 2004b Clift &
Page 131 and 132: References 131 Greenpeace 2005 Gree
Page 133 and 134: References 133 Janz & Bilitewski 20
Page 135 and 136: References 135 Melissen 2006 Mesker
Page 137 and 138: References 137 Rhein et al. 2008 Rh
Page 139 and 140: References 139 StEP 2009 Stevels 20
Page 141 and 142: References 141 Veldhuizen & Sippel
Page 143 and 144: References 143 Legislative texts Ba
Page 145 and 146: Appendices 145 Appendix 1 Equipment
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Appendices 147 Appendix 2 Average c
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Appendices 149 Appendix 4 Past and
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Appendices 151 Eq. group Equipment
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Appendices 153 2 Assumptions based
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Appendices 159 Appendix 8 Flows of
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Appendices 161 Appendix 10 Flows of
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