Social Impact Assessment of Microfinance Programmes - weman

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members to make sure that all the information is correct. In case the loan amount for an applicant is more than Rs.19,000 then the CDO has to physically verify the business as well. The documents required for the application are papers pertaining to their residence, utility bills and NIC (National Identity Card) copies. The CDO has to undertake a complete scrutiny of the applicant’s house, work and income, as well as that of other household members. If the member was with another MFI earlier, they have to hand in their record from the last loan as well. Once this process is complete, the CDO passes the applications to the BM, who reappraises them. The BM has to look through the papers of all the applicants and physically verify the applications of the unit committee and one to two members from each of the groups. Therefore, approximately 50 percent of the applicants are personally verified by the BM. For the Unit Committee screening the BM and CDO have to ensure that they own a house, are physically fit and active, responsible, and are economically better than the other members. Once the BM is satisfied with the unit, he calls the Male Unit Recognition Meeting, where the male members are explained the whole process and rules of the organization and are asked to sign on the application form. After this the BM calls the Female Unit Recognition Meeting, where they are tested on the policies and procedures of Asasah and sign the application forms. At this meeting, the members also have to give in the loan processing fee and the insurance premium. This step is followed by disbursement of the loan within the next 5 days. Repeat clients also go through a thorough re-screening even though their past record is available. Asasah wants to make sure they used the loan correctly and that there are other sources of income for the household in case the business fails so that they can recover their money. 3.1.4 Loan Products Asasah’s product mix targets a range of people around the poverty line as shown in Figure 3.1. The protective loan is for the extreme poor, the productive loan for the moderate poor, and the other products for those above the poverty line, but nonetheless still vulnerable – see Appendix. 4
Figure 3.1: Asasah’s Target Market Asasah’s Target Market P O V Destitute Extreme Moderate Vulnerable Non-Poor Wealthy E R T Y 3.1.4.1 Protective Loan This loan was started in the summer of 2006 and is for the extremely poor households who are earning less than Rs.2,000 a month. The product is still in its pilot phase and given to groups of 25-30 women. The purpose of the loan is to protect households from poverty and starvation. The loan size ranges from Rs.3,000 to Rs.8,000 and can be used to fulfil basic needs. The duration of the loan is 12 months with an interest of 20 percent and the instalments have to be paid fortnightly. According to Asasah, the main objective of this loan is to bring the poorest of the poor in the economic mainstream by helping them initiate a micro productivity process at the household level and that this bottom category of the poor does not feel neglected and deprived. Once a member completes the protective loan cycle, she becomes eligible for a productive loan. By September 2006, Asasah had given out 1,772 loans and disbursed around Rs.10 million. The average loan size (ALS) of this category stands at Rs.5,840 and is only 12 percent of GNP per capita. Therefore, we can see that this loan category is for the bottom poor who have restricted absorptive capacity. 3.1.4.2 Productive Loan Asasah started its operations with this product; this loan is available to all members who meet the basic criteria of those who are in the moderately-poor to poor category, which is in the range of Rs.3-7,000. These members can keep renewing their loans till they reach financial sustainability or cross the poverty line. The loan duration is 12 months with fortnightly instalments and an interest of 20 percent. The loan size ranges from Rs.10- 25,000 and is simultaneously disbursed to all group members. The size of the group is between 25-30 women. The loan also includes a one-month grace period. The productive loan can only be utilized for income generation purposes like starting a new business or expanding an old one. 5
Page 1 and 2: Social Impact Assessment of Microfi
Page 3 and 4: indicators which are more difficult
Page 5 and 6: • Since Asasah has been in operat
Page 7 and 8: Akhuwat • Akhuwat was established
Page 9 and 10: and economic change in their surrou
Page 11 and 12: development. NRSP's mandate is to h
Page 13 and 14: Kashf Urban Poverty Alleviation Pro
Page 15 and 16: clients’ amounts to Rs.5.6 millio
Page 17 and 18: Pakistan, Official Poverty Line - R
Page 19 and 20: Contents Executive Summary Acknowle
Page 21 and 22: 7.5 UPAP Survey Results 7.6 UPAP Re
Page 23 and 24: microfinance operations. This ordin
Page 25 and 26: and not other services such as savi
Page 27 and 28: elow. While we examined the traditi
Page 29 and 30: Ideally, baseline studies and panel
Page 31 and 32: members of these organizations are
Page 33 and 34: Microfinance Branch District/City I
Page 35 and 36: factor. For this survey, the sample
Page 37 and 38: loans and might have increased cons
Page 39 and 40: Chapter Three: Asasah 3.1 Instituti
Page 41: insufficient resources. Furthermore
Page 45 and 46: for SBF, two in Lahore and one in K
Page 47 and 48: to Regional Managers as the organiz
Page 49 and 50: undertake thorough research which e
Page 51 and 52: According to Asasah the only time a
Page 53 and 54: Figure 3.3 Funding Sources NGO 5% D
Page 55 and 56: Borrower’, is that client who has
Page 57 and 58: Note: There are 237 and 273 respond
Page 59 and 60: Note: There are 237 and 273 respond
Page 61 and 62: orrowers spend less on education by
Page 63 and 64: Jewellery and livestock were genera
Page 65 and 66: Appendix Chapter 3 A 3.1.1 Institut
Page 67 and 68: A3.1.4 Organizational Structure Boa
Page 69 and 70: Table - A.3.2.4 Respondent Characte
Page 71 and 72: Table - A.3.2.9 Child Education [AS
Page 73 and 74: Table - A.3.2.14 Household Assets O
Page 75 and 76: Table - A.3.2.17 Women’s Empowerm
Page 77 and 78: Table - A.3.2.20 Women’s Empowerm
Page 79 and 80: Table - A.3.2.22 Borrowers - Loan A
Page 81 and 82: Table - A.3.2.27 Non-Borrowers’ P
Page 83 and 84: Chapter Four: Orangi Charitable Tru
Page 85 and 86: these, as many as 7,301 units are c
Page 87 and 88: • Loan for Livestock: OCT also su
Page 89 and 90: guarantees of two local entrepreneu
Page 91 and 92: CEBEMO, a Dutch funding agency, has
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MFIs claim. Hence, its criteria and
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Table - 4.4 OCT - Household Assets
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difference, we found that active bo
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mainly because they don’t have to
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Term/D uration Loan size improveme
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Table - A. 4.2.4 Respondent Charact
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Average Indebtedness 19300 6375 340
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Table - A. 4.2.14 Household Assets
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Table - A. 4.2.19 Borrowers’ Perc
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Table - A. 4.2.23 Non-Borrowers’
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which also became the head office.
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problem of group lending is that me
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uy insurance, which covers the risk
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activities with other NGOs and Soci
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5.1.5.3 Policy Environment As Akhuw
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are also working on a marketing pla
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We first discuss results based on t
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New and Non- Borrowers 506072.7273
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Note: There are 160 and 180 respond
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From these results we can judge tha
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Appendix Chapter 5 A 5..11 Institut
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Table - 5.4.2.1 Sample Information
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Table - A. 5.2.6 Housing Characteri
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Table - A. 5.2.12 Sources of Househ
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Table - A. 5.2.16 Women’s Empower
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Table - A. 5.2.29 Non-Borrower’s
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in the contextual needs of the comm
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6.1.4.1 Products and Services Offer
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Other filters related to the specif
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management reveal the significance
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have been chosen from ‘old/establ
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School Going Children - Boys % Acti
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The Difference in Differences (DID)
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Table 1: Regression results Young B
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• Participants were also not very
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Impact on Quality of Life & Social
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Appendix Chapter 6 A.6.1.1 Institut
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Sample Information [SAFWCO] Table -
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incremental growth, it is emerging
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the purpose of the organization and
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Group loans are meant specifically
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Officer. If the Field Worker and Cr
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The worker’s degree of mobility d
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credit is disbursed to another woma
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Borrowers Houses with RCC Roof Acti
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Own House Active Borrowers 98.4568
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A Single Difference equation is als
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Table 7.6: Regression results Young
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Table - 7.8 UPAP - Economic Status
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Table - 7.10 UPAP - Household Asset
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Y ij = X ij α + C ij β + M ij γ
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Table 1: Regression results Young B
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to consider young unmarried clients
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influentials and people understand
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Client Profile Most of the women in
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Appendix Chapter 7 Appendix A.7.1 N
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Appendix A.7.2 Results from NRSP Su
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Monthly Expenditure on Health 1526
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Do you operate Bank account in your
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Spouse without your suggestion .6 3
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No 17.6 14.1 20.3 9.6 16.7 100.0 15
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Appendix A.7.3 UPAP Institutional B
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Table - A.7. 4.4 Respondent Charact
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Table - A.7. 4.9 Child Education [U
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Table - A.7. 4.14 Household Assets
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Table - A.7. 4.17 Women’s Empower
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Table - A.7. 4.20 Women’s Empower
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Table - A.7. 4.23 Borrowers - Loan
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Table - A.7. 4.27 Non-Borrower’s
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Chapter Eight: Kashf 8.1 Institutio
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were introduced at several levels a
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Box 8.1 Kashf’s Core Values Servi
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issues are in the social theme book
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usiness address, attest to experien
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the learning centre has been set up
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development and undertaken market s
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information has not been integrated
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Table 8. 2 Financing Sources: Septe
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We first discuss results based on t
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Note: There are 239 and 271 respond
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Table - 8.7 KASHF - Business Charac
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The results from the estimation of
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A total of three focus group discus
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The positive impact of the credit w
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Appendix Chapter 8 A.8.1.1 Institut
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54 Jawarian R 55 Behra R 56 Sahiwal
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A.8.1.5: GESA Activities Initiative
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Table - A.8.2.1 Sample Information
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Table - A. 8.2.22 Borrowers - Loan
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Chapter Nine: Conclusions For anyon
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are necessary for impact to take pl
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Another finding from the survey sug
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of the microfinance sector in Pakis
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Section 1 - IDENTIFICATION File:
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1.9 Occupation - Primary __________
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Section 4a - All Respondents File:
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Section 4b - All Respondents File:
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Section 5b - All Respondents File:
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Section 7 - Only for Non-Agricultur
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8) Do you regularly pay the loan in
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Section 9 - All Respondents File:
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10.2 Had you wanted to join a progr
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11.7 Business Assets Business Asset
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Section 14 - All Respondents File:
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Section 16,17,18 - All Respondents
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17.2 [If Yes in 17.1], Why you did
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Section 19 - Only for Female Respon
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19.8 Who in your household decides
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Section 20a - Only for Agricultural
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Section 20b - Only for Agricultural
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Page is left intentionally blank Qu
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Appendix: Additional Codes ________
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Bibliography Carolyn Barnes and Jen
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