Social Impact Assessment of Microfinance Programmes - weman

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Table - A.3.2.29 Non-Borrowers’ Perceptions - Change [ASASAH] New Borrowers Respondent Category Non- Borrowers (Same Area) Non- Borrowers (New Area) Overall Number of Non-Borrowers 92 90 91 273 Effect on overall quality of Improved 97.8 35.6 63.7 65.9 life Deteriorated 8.9 12.1 7.0 No Change 2.2 54.4 24.2 26.7 Family eat your fill As much as wanted (all types) 62.0 11.1 48.4 40.7 As much as wanted (not all types) 38.0 80.0 39.6 52.4 Sometimes felt hunger 6.7 12.1 6.2 Often felt hunger 1.1 .4 Have more to eat r Have more to eat now 91.3 31.1 61.5 61.5 Have more to eat in earlier times 1.1 10.0 12.1 7.7 Equal 7.6 57.8 26.4 30.4 Family health Health is better now 76.1 31.1 49.5 52.4 Health was better earlier 1.1 10.0 11.0 7.3 Equal 22.8 57.8 39.6 39.9 Figures are column percentages except number of respondents 44
Chapter Four: Orangi Charitable Trust (OCT) 4.1 Institutional Review 4.1.1 Background and History The Orangi Charitable Trust (OCT) is an off-shoot of the Orangi Pilot Project (OPP), a non-governmental development institution created in 1980 in the squatter settlement of Orangi Town in Karachi. The OPP was formed by the legendary social scientist, Dr. Akhtar Hameed Khan, who worked in Comilla Academy in Bangladesh. With Dr. Khan’s vision, OPP’s work fostered a culture of reflection and self-help amongst the enterprising poor. Respecting the entrepreneurial spirit of people as articulated in OPP’s vision, all the programmes focus on ‘supporting effective existing structures’ instead of creating new structures which would likely be unsustainable and counter-productive. Moreover, on the basis of thorough reflections, action research and analysis, the Project encouraged local people to generate solutions, develop programmes, run, manage and fund them. While building technical and strategic capacities for this to happen was realized upfront, Dr. Khan was also clear that OPP’s success was largely dependent upon the strengthening of neighbourhoods and communities as well. Although OPP designed innovative programmes and facilitated their implementation with considerable success, for e.g. development of sanitation and sewerage infrastructure, processes were considered fragmented and tactical, more than strategic. When years of research insights and lessons were synthesised, OPP identified four main issues of Katchi Abadis. These included (a) sanitation and housing quality (b) employment (c) health (d) education. While people were organizing themselves and responding to issues, clearly it was not enough. It was realized that without technical and managerial guidance, and stable credit support, the solutions will always be sporadic and random. In 1987, the OPP upgraded itself into four autonomous institutions to improve the quality and scope of planning and implementation. These were: • The OPP-RTI (Orangi Pilot Project – Research and Training Institute) dealing with sanitation, housing , education, research and training; • The Orangi Charitable Trust (OCT) for microcredit servicing; • Karachi Health and Social Development Association (KHASDA) looking at health; and • The OPP Society which channelizes funds to the above three institutions. 4.1.2 Philosophy and Scope of Services OCT started its microcredit servicing from 1987 with an aim to support the existing businesses. The rationale being that micro enterprises in Orangi were not able to access loans from commercial banks due to loan size, collateral requirements and other considerations. The key objectives of OCT are to:
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Social Impact Assessment of Microfi
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indicators which are more difficult
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• Since Asasah has been in operat
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Akhuwat • Akhuwat was established
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and economic change in their surrou
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development. NRSP's mandate is to h
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Kashf Urban Poverty Alleviation Pro
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clients’ amounts to Rs.5.6 millio
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Pakistan, Official Poverty Line - R
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Contents Executive Summary Acknowle
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7.5 UPAP Survey Results 7.6 UPAP Re
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microfinance operations. This ordin
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and not other services such as savi
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elow. While we examined the traditi
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Ideally, baseline studies and panel
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Page 33 and 34: Microfinance Branch District/City I
Page 35 and 36: factor. For this survey, the sample
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Page 39 and 40: Chapter Three: Asasah 3.1 Instituti
Page 41 and 42: insufficient resources. Furthermore
Page 43 and 44: Figure 3.1: Asasah’s Target Marke
Page 45 and 46: for SBF, two in Lahore and one in K
Page 47 and 48: to Regional Managers as the organiz
Page 49 and 50: undertake thorough research which e
Page 51 and 52: According to Asasah the only time a
Page 53 and 54: Figure 3.3 Funding Sources NGO 5% D
Page 55 and 56: Borrower’, is that client who has
Page 57 and 58: Note: There are 237 and 273 respond
Page 61 and 62: orrowers spend less on education by
Page 63 and 64: Jewellery and livestock were genera
Page 65 and 66: Appendix Chapter 3 A 3.1.1 Institut
Page 67 and 68: A3.1.4 Organizational Structure Boa
Page 69 and 70: Table - A.3.2.4 Respondent Characte
Page 71 and 72: Table - A.3.2.9 Child Education [AS
Page 73 and 74: Table - A.3.2.14 Household Assets O
Page 75 and 76: Table - A.3.2.17 Women’s Empowerm
Page 77 and 78: Table - A.3.2.20 Women’s Empowerm
Page 79 and 80: Table - A.3.2.22 Borrowers - Loan A
Page 81: Table - A.3.2.27 Non-Borrowers’ P
Page 85 and 86: these, as many as 7,301 units are c
Page 87 and 88: • Loan for Livestock: OCT also su
Page 89 and 90: guarantees of two local entrepreneu
Page 91 and 92: CEBEMO, a Dutch funding agency, has
Page 93 and 94: MFIs claim. Hence, its criteria and
Page 95 and 96: Table - 4.4 OCT - Household Assets
Page 97 and 98: difference, we found that active bo
Page 99 and 100: mainly because they don’t have to
Page 101 and 102: Term/D uration Loan size improveme
Page 103 and 104: Table - A. 4.2.4 Respondent Charact
Page 105 and 106: Average Indebtedness 19300 6375 340
Page 107 and 108: Table - A. 4.2.14 Household Assets
Page 109 and 110: Table - A. 4.2.19 Borrowers’ Perc
Page 111 and 112: Table - A. 4.2.23 Non-Borrowers’
Page 113 and 114: which also became the head office.
Page 115 and 116: problem of group lending is that me
Page 117 and 118: uy insurance, which covers the risk
Page 119 and 120: activities with other NGOs and Soci
Page 121 and 122: 5.1.5.3 Policy Environment As Akhuw
Page 123 and 124: are also working on a marketing pla
Page 125 and 126: We first discuss results based on t
Page 127 and 128: New and Non- Borrowers 506072.7273
Page 131 and 132: From these results we can judge tha
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Appendix Chapter 5 A 5..11 Institut
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Table - 5.4.2.1 Sample Information
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Table - A. 5.2.6 Housing Characteri
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Table - A. 5.2.12 Sources of Househ
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Table - A. 5.2.16 Women’s Empower
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Table - A. 5.2.25 Borrowers’ Perc
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Table - A. 5.2.29 Non-Borrower’s
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in the contextual needs of the comm
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6.1.4.1 Products and Services Offer
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Other filters related to the specif
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management reveal the significance
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have been chosen from ‘old/establ
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School Going Children - Boys % Acti
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The Difference in Differences (DID)
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Table 1: Regression results Young B
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• Participants were also not very
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Impact on Quality of Life & Social
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Appendix Chapter 6 A.6.1.1 Institut
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Sample Information [SAFWCO] Table -
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Table - A. 6.2.25 Borrowers’ Perc
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Table - A. 6.2.29 Non-Borrowers’
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incremental growth, it is emerging
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the purpose of the organization and
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Group loans are meant specifically
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Officer. If the Field Worker and Cr
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The worker’s degree of mobility d
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credit is disbursed to another woma
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Borrowers Houses with RCC Roof Acti
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Own House Active Borrowers 98.4568
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A Single Difference equation is als
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Table 7.6: Regression results Young
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Table - 7.8 UPAP - Economic Status
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Table - 7.10 UPAP - Household Asset
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Y ij = X ij α + C ij β + M ij γ
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Table 1: Regression results Young B
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to consider young unmarried clients
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influentials and people understand
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Client Profile Most of the women in
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Appendix Chapter 7 Appendix A.7.1 N
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Appendix A.7.2 Results from NRSP Su
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Monthly Expenditure on Health 1526
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Do you operate Bank account in your
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Spouse without your suggestion .6 3
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No 17.6 14.1 20.3 9.6 16.7 100.0 15
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Appendix A.7.3 UPAP Institutional B
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Table - A.7. 4.4 Respondent Charact
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Table - A.7. 4.9 Child Education [U
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Table - A.7. 4.14 Household Assets
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Table - A.7. 4.17 Women’s Empower
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Table - A.7. 4.20 Women’s Empower
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Table - A.7. 4.23 Borrowers - Loan
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Table - A.7. 4.27 Non-Borrower’s
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Chapter Eight: Kashf 8.1 Institutio
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were introduced at several levels a
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Box 8.1 Kashf’s Core Values Servi
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issues are in the social theme book
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usiness address, attest to experien
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the learning centre has been set up
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development and undertaken market s
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information has not been integrated
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Table 8. 2 Financing Sources: Septe
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We first discuss results based on t
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Note: There are 239 and 271 respond
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Table - 8.7 KASHF - Business Charac
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The results from the estimation of
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A total of three focus group discus
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The positive impact of the credit w
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Appendix Chapter 8 A.8.1.1 Institut
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54 Jawarian R 55 Behra R 56 Sahiwal
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A.8.1.5: GESA Activities Initiative
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Table - A.8.2.1 Sample Information
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Table - A. 8.2.22 Borrowers - Loan
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Table - A. 8.2.27 Non-Borrowers’
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Chapter Nine: Conclusions For anyon
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are necessary for impact to take pl
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Another finding from the survey sug
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of the microfinance sector in Pakis
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Section 1 - IDENTIFICATION File:
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1.9 Occupation - Primary __________
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Section 4a - All Respondents File:
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Section 4b - All Respondents File:
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Section 5b - All Respondents File:
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Section 7 - Only for Non-Agricultur
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8) Do you regularly pay the loan in
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Section 9 - All Respondents File:
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10.2 Had you wanted to join a progr
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11.7 Business Assets Business Asset
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Section 14 - All Respondents File:
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Section 16,17,18 - All Respondents
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17.2 [If Yes in 17.1], Why you did
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Section 19 - Only for Female Respon
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19.8 Who in your household decides
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Section 20a - Only for Agricultural
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Section 20b - Only for Agricultural
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Appendix: Additional Codes ________
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Bibliography Carolyn Barnes and Jen
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