document title / titre du document TRP W ORK PLAN ... - emits - ESA

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TRP Work Plan 2005-2007 Description of Activities TEC-SB/7935/dc 12/Feb/09 The primary advantage of remote sensing from GEO orbit, as opposed to Low-Earth (LEO) orbit, is that continuous monitoring is possible over a large area of the Earth’s surface and atmosphere, which allows the observation of real-time events. A preliminary review of potential (GEO) missions, based on preferred geophysical parameters, gave consideration to three main application areas for GEO sounding: numerical weather prediction, climatology and nowcasting. In contrast to LEO microwave sounders in operation today, the proposed “straw man” GEO instrument uses many more channels ranging potentially in frequency from 89 GHz through to 874 GHz. From GEO orbit, the best sounding technique would appear to be the use of spectroscopy / interferometry in the Thermal Infra-Red (TIR) spectral region as it implies an aperture of reasonable size even for high horizontal resolution. However, the quality of TIR observations sharply degrades in cloudy areas, preventing useful retrieval of atmospheric parameters for weather models. Observations in the microwave region, going up to submillimeter-wave frequencies, are less affected by the presence of clouds, and can be used to fill the gaps of TIR observations as described above. Due to the large aperture size required to achieve a reasonable horizontal resolution, its use so far has been restricted to the case of LEO satellites. The main challenges are the realisation of the antenna with a size compatible with the required spatial resolution (40 fold increase in the distance to the Earth as compared to the LEO) and the implementation of two-dimensional scanning necessary in the absence of a relative spacecraft-Earth movement. Furthermore, the wide frequency range is challenging from the point of view of focal plane assembly and receiver technologies. The objective of the activity is the design, manufacturing, and demonstration by test of these innovative enabling technologies for accurate observation at significant spatial resolution with microwave and (sub)millimetre-wave sensors from GEO. The activity has been conducted in 2 phases, with the first phase comprising of definition of a concept, trade-offs and preliminary design. In order to promote innovation, 2 parallel contracts for phase 1 have been placed, to be followed by a selection by the Agency of the most promising instrument concept for demonstration in phase 2. Phase 2 will include detailed design, critical breadboarding, and manufacturing integration and test. Deliverables: Technical Note. Breadboard. Current TRL: TRL1 Target TRL: TRL2 Application Need/Date: TRL5/6 by 2012 Application/Mission: Earth Observation from GEO Contract Duration: 36 months SW Clause : - Dossier0 Ref.: T-397 Consistency with Harmonisation Roadmap and Conclusions: Not directly linked to harmonised technology. Page 31 of 227
TRP Work Plan 2005-2007 Description of Activities TEC-SB/7935/dc 12/Feb/09 1.4.3 - Earth Observation P/L (Source: TRP 2000-2003) TRP Reference: MME-003 Laser-cooled Atom Sensor for Ultra-High-Accuracy Gravitational Acceleration and Title: Rotation Measurements Laser-cooling of atoms and atom-trapping is leading the way to new applications in Science. Very recently this concept has been proposed/investigated for the development of ultra-high accuracy gravitational acceleration and rotation sensor. This concept relies on coherent light pulses to stimulate transitions between (two) different states of atoms being laser-cooled and trapped in an optical cavity. It can be shown that due to quantum mechanical effects, the superposition of two or more spatially separated atomic states can lead to the measurement of gravitational accelerations or rotation of the reference frame with the utmost accuracy. This study will assess this emerging concept for the development of Gravitational Acceleration or Rotation Sensors for Space and Planetary (Earth) Science. Deliverables: Definition of a technology roadmap, supported by key experimental verification and breadboarding. Current TRL: TRL1 Target TRL: TRL2 Application Need/Date: TRL5 by 2015 Application/Mission: HYPER Contract Duration: 18 months SW Clause : - Dossier0 Ref.: - Consistency with Harmonisation Roadmap and Conclusions: TRP Reference: MMO-624 Title: Advanced LIDAR concepts This study activity will review advanced Light Detection & Range Finding (LIDAR) concepts like synthetic aperture LIDAR’s, Differential Absorption LIDAR (DIAL), distributed transmitter/receiver flight formations, and telescope array LIDAR’s, etc. It will also assess the performance advantage over conventional concepts, review the current technology status and identify possible technology solutions needed in order to take advantage of the new LIDAR concepts. Deliverables: Technical note. Current TRL: - Target TRL: TRL2 Application Need/Date: TRL5 by 2010 Application/Mission: Future LIDAR Missions e.g. DIAL Contract Duration: 12 months SW Clause : - Dossier0 Ref.: T-419 Consistency with Harmonisation Roadmap and Conclusions: Page 32 of 227
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