document title / titre du document TRP W ORK PLAN ... - emits - ESA

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TRP Work Plan 2005-2007 Description of Activities TEC-SB/7935/dc 12/Feb/09 TRP Reference: Title: T505-11EP Advanced research and pre-development of new materials for space solar cells The aim of the project is to allow pre-development of new materials and concepts which will enable construction of solar cells with performance closer to theoretically possible values, such as multi-junction cells with an efficiency of >40%. This project will also aim to extend the alliance of the best European materials technology with European solar cell research groups and manufacturers. In this project, growth of new materials such as nitride based alloys will be researched in order to produce material quality required for state of the art photovoltaic devices, in particular to facilitate multi-junction devices. Further research, needed into novel processing techniques and device concepts required to exploit the new materials, is not included in this proposal and it is recommended as follow-on activity. Deliverables: 20 demonstration solar cells (using other materials as well as/instead of GaAs based alloys). Report which assesses the likely developments and applications of new space solar cells for missions until 2015. Current TRL: TRL1 Target TRL: TRL3 Application Need/Date: TRL5 by 2012 Application/Mission: Missions >=2020 Contract Duration: 18 months SW Clause : - Dossier0 Ref.: T-7806 Consistency with Harmonisation Roadmap and Conclusions: TRP Reference: T604-02EP Title: Advanced Lithium Batteries Evaluation The objective of this activity is to evaluate new advanced rechargeable lithium batteries offering energy density over 250 Wh/kg. Such batteries could lead to mass and volume savings of spacecrafts. Lithium cells (graphite/LiCoO2 couple) offer today energy density around 180 Wh/kg. This electrochemical system is reaching maturity, with a limitation at about 200Wh/kg; therefore, to obtain a significant gain in energy density, it is necessary to study new electrochemical couples. The development of high energy density lithium batteries is driven by the terrestrial market, and studies on new electrode materials and new electrolytes are numerous. Positive electrode materials with higher capacity, also with higher potential (up to 5 V, i.e LiCoPO4) are studied by many groups. Negative electrode materials are also developed to replace the current graphite anode (i.e FeSi or FeSn can offer an energy 10 times greater). Lithium, the lightest and most energetic metal but highly reactive, can also replace the graphite anode. The use of such new electrode materials requires new electrolytes (i.e polymers, ionic liquids, plastic crystals, …). Some promising electrochemical systems are under investigation in Europe and elsewhere. This activity will include: a survey of the new electrodes materials and new electrolytes, identification of new electrochemical couples that could lead to the highest energy density, preparation of cells with the new materials, testing of the new cells. Deliverables: Report on the survey, various trade-off analysis following this survey, a technology dossier of the selected electrochemical systems, breadboard of the electrodes and cells, tests and tests report. Current TRL: TRL2 Target TRL: TRL3 Application Need/Date: TRL8 by 2009 Application/Mission: Applicability to all missions (>2010) Contract Duration: 18 months SW Clause : - Dossier0 Ref.: T-7761 Consistency with Harmonisation Roadmap and Conclusions: Page 139 of 227
TRP Work Plan 2005-2007 Description of Activities TEC-SB/7935/dc 12/Feb/09 TRP Reference: T604-03EP Title: Development of Next Generation GaAs Based Multi-Junction Solar Cells - 2 The development of next generation multi-junction solar cells will facilitate higher power satellites and will enable new applications, mainly for telecommunications purposes. It will also contribute to an independent European supply of state-of-the-art multi-junction solar cells to ESA and European prime contractors at open market conditions. This activity has the following main objectives: 1. Development of improved triple junction cells (>30% efficiency) and 4 / 5 junction solar cells, with target >32% efficiency at beginning of life (>41mW/cm2) and 90% remaining factor at end of life. 2. Development of cheaper, lighter multi-junction cells on alternative substrates. Pre-qualification devices. Deliverables: 30 samples of triple junction cells (efficiency >30%) and 80 samples of 4 or 5 junction space solar cells with a beginning of life efficiency greater than that of the best triple junction cells (target >32%), ready for qualification; target end of life performance of 90% of initial value; 100 samples of multi-junction space solar cells grown on alternative substrates (pre-qualification samples); data package detailing overall progress towards cost reduction and performance improvement of multi-junction cells. Current TRL: TRL2 Target TRL: TRL2/3 Application Need/Date: TRL5 by 2009-2010 Application/Mission: Applicability to all missions Contract Duration: 24 months SW Clause : - Dossier0 Ref.: T-7761, T-7806 Consistency with Harmonisation Solar Generators & Solar Cells Roadmap and Conclusions: TRP Reference: T604-05EP Title: Development of Next Generation GaAs Based Multi-Junction Solar Cells - 1 Deliverables: Current TRL: Target TRL: Application Need/Date: Application/Mission: Contract Duration: SW Clause : - Dossier0 Ref.: T-7761 Consistency with Harmonisation Roadmap and Conclusions: Page 140 of 227
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