Examination of Firearms Review: 2007 to 2010 - Interpol

2 ng/mL of 19-NA was concluded to be a fair upper acceptable limit in doping
control tests for female athletes.
The metabolism of methyltestosterone has been reinvestigated by the use of a
precursor ion scan method in LC-ESI-MS/MS [388]. Two metabolites have
been detected using this method, namely epimethyltestosterone and a
dehydrogenated compound. Comparison with the synthesized reference
standard revealed that the structure of the dehydrogenated metabolite is
6-ene-epimethyltestosterone. 6-Ene-epimethyltestosterone was found in all
samples, demonstrating its applicability in the detection of methyltestosterone
misuse.
An approach based on precursor ion scanning of m/z 105, 91, and 77
corresponded to the methyl tropylium, tropylium, and phenyl ions, respectively,
for the detection of unknown anabolic steroids, their metabolites and
prohormones, was proposed [ 389 ]. In general, only compounds with a
steroidal structure showed a signal at all three selected m/z values, although
some exceptions have been found. A new doping control screening method
has been developed using HPLC/orbitrap with in-source collision-induced
dissociation and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization, for the detection of
29 compounds, including agents with antiestrogenic activity, beta(2) agonists,
exogenous anabolic steroids, and other anabolic agents [390]. The mass
accuracy of this method is better than 2 ppm using an external reference, with
LODs for all compounds tested better than 100 pg/mL. Ten steroids
(11-beta-hydroxyandrosterone, 5-alpha-androst-16-en-3-alpha-ol,
pregnanediol, androsterone, etiocholanolone, testosterone, epitestosterone,
5-alpha-androstan-3-alpha,17-beta-diol,
5-beta-androstan-3-alpha,17-beta-diol and dehydroepiandrosterone) were
measured from a single urine specimen by a GC/thermal conversion
(TC)/IRMS method for deuterium/hydrogen ratio [391]. For a 20 mL specimen,
the LODs ranged from 10-15 ng/mL. The applicability of comprehensive
two-dimensional gas chromatography (GCxGC) for sterol analysis was
investigated by separation and identification of endogenous sterols in
standards, and spiked in human urine [ 392 ]. The match quality of
GCxGC-TOFMS spectra was reported to be superior to that for analysis using
1D GC-TOFMS for sterols spiked in urine at 10 ng/mL. The LOD for estrone
was 0.1 ng/mL, while the highest LOD was for
5-alpha-androstan-3-alpha,11-beta-diol-17-one, epitestosterone, and
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