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Examination of Firearms Review: 2007 to 2010 - Interpol

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with substance abuse his<strong>to</strong>ries, with 8 <strong>of</strong> them being tramadol abusers. A<br />

young man suspected <strong>of</strong> suffering from a tramadol overdose was found with<br />

tramadol concentration <strong>of</strong> 8 µg/mL on admission in the ICU; the patient<br />

subsequently died due <strong>to</strong> severe acute liver failure. Post-mortem <strong>to</strong>xicology<br />

revealed tramadol concentrations <strong>of</strong> 5.2 mg/L in blood, 6.5 mg/g in liver and<br />

4.5 mg/g in kidney, with desmethyltramadol detected. This is one <strong>of</strong> a very few<br />

cases <strong>of</strong> a lethal poisoning due <strong>to</strong> tramadol alone [496]. Body fluids and<br />

tissues in eight doxepin-related deaths were investigated [497]. For two cases<br />

<strong>of</strong> fatal doxepin ingestion and another case <strong>of</strong> high dosage with advanced<br />

putrefaction, the liver concentration sum (i.e., N-desmethyl metabolite along<br />

with its parent) may be more useful if a fatal ingestion cannot be clearly<br />

separated from a person's medication usage. In another study <strong>of</strong> 9 cases<br />

related <strong>to</strong> lethal doxepin in<strong>to</strong>xication, the concentrations in blood samples from<br />

peripheral vessels was measured <strong>to</strong> be 1.5-7.0 mg/L, which is in the lowest<br />

quarter <strong>of</strong> the span <strong>of</strong> lethal concentrations mentioned in the literature - but the<br />

literature did not specify the location <strong>of</strong> the blood sample taken [498]. In<br />

reviewing <strong>to</strong>xicological reports in Canada, there was an increase in the<br />

incidence <strong>of</strong> findings <strong>of</strong> ace<strong>to</strong>ne in decedents who were taking olanzapine over<br />

the past decade [499]. Olanzapine concentrations were detected in the range<br />

from

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