We Energies Coal Combustion Products ... - The White House

Testing Program
The testing program consisted of the following stages:
1. Developing mixture proportions for room temperature cured bricks and
blocks utilizing ASTM C618 Class C fly ash.
2. Extended testing using different types of (ASTM Class C and Class F) fly
ash from different sources, and using bottom ash as a replacement for
natural aggregates.
3. Studying the effect of different curing systems.
4. Producing small size blocks using selected mix recipes and testing their
properties.
Stage 1 Testing
Fly ash from power plants other than We Energies was also used in this work.
However, the data presented here is only information relevant to We Energies
products. In the first stage testing, only ASTM C618, Class C fly ash from
Dairyland Power Corporation was used. The intent of this work was to
develop a suitable and economic brick and block mixture utilizing coal ash.
From the Stage 1 studies, it was concluded that:
1. The dry-cast vibration method is better for obtaining higher compressive
strength masonry units.
2. Sufficient strength develops (greater than 2000 psi) when the specimens
are cured in a fog room for 28 days. No firing or steam curing is required
for this.
3. Most masonry products require only a compressive strength of 2000 psi to
3000 psi. Hence, it is appropriate to raise the aggregate to cementitious
ratio and introduce the bottom ash as partial replacement of aggregates in
the mixtures.
Stage 2 Testing
Two types of fly ash from We Energies were used in this testing, ASTM C618
Class C (F-2) and an off-spec ASTM C618 Class F (F-4) fly ash. The
chemical properties of fly ash used in this project are given in Table 4-44.
113 We Energies
Coal Combustion Products
Utilization Handbook