We Energies Coal Combustion Products ... - The White House

Moisture-Density Relationship
(ASTM D1557)
Bottom ash samples were tested to determine maximum dry density and
optimum moisture content per the ASTM D1557 test method. The test results
are shown in Table 3-4.
Table 3-4: Physical Properties of Bottom Ash
Bottom Ash
Source
Max Dry
Density, pcf
Optimum
Moisture
Content, %
Hydraulic
Conductivity
K(cm/sec)
OCPP 87.2 23.7 1.0 × 10 -3
MCPP 74.9 13.4 2.2 × 10 -4
PWPP 81.1 15.5 4.6 × 10 -3
PPPP 89.2 19.2 4.9 × 10 -3
Unit 1-6 PIPP 54.4 21.9 4.8 × 10 -3
Unit 7-9 PIPP 91.3 14.3 1.4 × 10 -3
VAPP 49.3 33.0 5.4 × 10 -3
SAND 110 – 115 7 – 17 10 -2 to 10 -3
We Energies bottom ashes are generally angular particles with a rough surface
texture. The dry density of bottom ash is lower than sand or other granular
materials typically used in backfilling.
The grain size distribution is shown in Table 3-5. Figures 3-4 through 3-9
show the grain size distribution curves for the various We Energies bottom
ashes.
Engineering Properties of We Energies
Bottom Ash
Unlike fly ash, the primary application of bottom ash is as an alternative for
aggregates in applications such as subbase and base courses under rigid and
flexible pavements. It has also been used as a coarse aggregate for hot mix
asphalt (HMA) and as an aggregate in masonry products. In these
applications, the chemical properties are generally not a critical factor in
utilizing bottom ash.
We Energies 38
Coal Combustion Products
Utilization Handbook