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Table I.21.2:<br />

Unsolved issues for research and field testing<br />

Area<br />

Outstanding questions to be resolved<br />

Should water for handwashing be drinkable or simply the cleanest<br />

possible?<br />

Water quality<br />

and its<br />

availability in<br />

health care<br />

Should water requirements be differentiated according to the<br />

resources available in different settings?<br />

–<br />

Are the water quality requirements at the tap/faucet in the<br />

operating room different from those in the rest of the healthcare<br />

setting?<br />

–<br />

Should high-risk populations, who need guaranteed high standards<br />

of water quality, be identified (i.e. immunosuppressed)?<br />

Soap<br />

What is the potential for actual soap contamination during use?<br />

What is the best storage method between uses?<br />

What quality of paper should be used for hand <strong>hygiene</strong>?<br />

–<br />

–<br />

–<br />

What should be the standards for paper? Is there a preferred<br />

type of paper?<br />

Could the paper be recycled?<br />

Is there an impact of quality of paper on hand <strong>hygiene</strong><br />

compliance?<br />

<strong>Hand</strong> drying<br />

What are the best approaches when single-use towels are not<br />

possible?<br />

Use of recycled paper for hand drying:<br />

–<br />

–<br />

–<br />

What type of in vitro studies may be appropriate to assess the<br />

level of contamination of recycled paper?<br />

Could there be an impact of the type of paper (recycled paper<br />

vs not recycled paper) on health care-associated infection or<br />

colonization rates by multidrug-resistant pathogens?<br />

What is the cost–benefit of using recycling paper?

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