Hand hygiene.pdf

More documents

Recommendations

Info

licensed to practise midwifery, and are actually working in the country. The person may or may not have prior nursing education. • Nurses. All persons who have completed a programme of basic nursing education and are qualified and registered or authorized to provide responsible and competent service for the promotion of health, prevention of illness, the care of the sick, and rehabilitation, and are actually working in the country. • Pharmacists. All graduates of any faculty or school of pharmacy, actually working in the country in pharmacies, hospitals, laboratories, industry, etc. • Dentists. All graduates of any faculty or school of dentistry, odontology or stomatology, actually working in the country in any dental field. • Other health-care providers (including community health workers). All workers who respond to the national definition of health-care providers and are neither physicians, midwives, nurses, dentists, or pharmacists. Inpatient. A person who is formally admitted to a health-care facility and who is discharged after one or more days. Outpatient. A person who goes to a health-care facility for a consultation, and who leaves the facility within three hours of the start of consultation. An outpatient is not formally admitted to the facility. DEFINITIONS FROM THE EUROPEAN OBSERVATORY ON HEALTH SYSTEMS AND POLICIES (Available at http://www.euro.who.int/observatory/Glossary/TopPage?phrase=D) Ambulatory care. All types of health services provided to patients who are not confined to an institutional bed as inpatients during the time services are rendered (USAID, 1999). Ambulatory care delivered in institutions which also deliver inpatient care is usually called “outpatient care”. Ambulatory care services are provided in many settings ranging from physicians’ offices to freestanding ambulatory surgical facilities to cardiac catheterization centres. In some applications, the term does not include emergency services provided in tertiary hospitals (USAID, 1999). Day care. Medical and paramedical services delivered to patients who are formally admitted for diagnosis, treatment or other types of health care with the intention of discharging the patient the same day. Long-term care. Long-term care encompasses a broad range of help with daily activities that chronically disabled individuals need for a prolonged period of time. Long-term care is primarily concerned with maintaining or improving the ability of elderly people with disabilities to function as independently as possible for as long as possible; it also encompasses social and environmental needs and is therefore broader than the medical model that dominates acute care; it is primarily low-tech, although it has become more complicated as elderly persons with complex medical needs are discharged to, or remain in, traditional long-term care settings, including their own homes; services and housing are both essential to the development of long-term care policy and systems. Nursing homes, visiting nurses, home intravenous and other services provided to chronically ill or disabled persons. Social care. Services related to long-term inpatient care plus community care services, such as day care centres and social services for the chronically ill, the elderly and other groups with special needs such as the mentally ill, mentally handicapped and the physically handicapped. The borderline between health care and social care varies from country to country, especially regarding social services which involve a significant, but not dominant health-care component such as, for example, long-term care for dependent older people.
APPENDIX 2. HAND AND SKIN SELF-ASSESSMENT TOOL On a scale of 1–7, rate the current condition of the skin on your hands Appearance Abnormal: red, blotchy, rash 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Intactness Many abrasions or fissures 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Normal: No redness blotching, rash Completely intact. No abrasions or fissures Moisture content Extremely dry 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Normal amount of moisture Sensation Extreme itching, burning or soreness 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 No itching, burning, or soreness Adapted from: 155,426 .
Page 2 and 3:
The WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene
Page 5 and 6:
CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . ...........
Page 7 and 8:
17. Organizing an education program
Page 11:
INTRODUCTION The WHO Advanced Draft
Page 14 and 15:
Handwashing. Washing hands with pla
Page 16 and 17:
still considered the standard of ca
Page 18 and 19:
treatment selectively removes glyce
Page 20 and 21:
of the organism on their hands. Mak
Page 22 and 23:
6. MODELS OF HAND TRANSMISSION 6.1
Page 24 and 25:
In the 1960s, a prospective, contro
Page 26 and 27:
for its ability to reduce the relea
Page 28 and 29:
8.2 SHORTCOMINGS OF TRADITIONAL TES
Page 30 and 31:
tions of short-chain aliphatic alco
Page 32 and 33:
9.1.3 WATER QUALITY The physical, c
Page 34 and 35:
Case study: experience of Egypt The
Page 36 and 37:
and both reduced viral counts on ha
Page 38 and 39:
activity of chlorhexidine is not se
Page 40 and 41:
protein synthesis and alteration of
Page 42 and 43:
in micelle structures formed by sur
Page 44 and 45:
In all the studies that included pl
Page 46 and 47:
isopropyl alcohol) were applied to
Page 48 and 49:
3) Glycerol is added using a measur
Page 50 and 51:
in 2005 the costs of an alcohol-bas
Page 52 and 53:
infection, risk factors that are la
Page 54 and 55:
11.4.4 SIDE-EFFECTS OF THE SURGICAL
Page 56 and 57:
• Repeat the process on the other
Page 58 and 59:
12.2 ALLERGIC CONTACT DERMATITIS RE
Page 60 and 61:
particularly when resources are lim
Page 62 and 63:
Handrubs are available as gels, sol
Page 64 and 65:
14. HAND HYGIENE PRACTICES AMONG HE
Page 66 and 67:
quantified in observational studies
Page 68 and 69:
According to behavioural theories (
Page 70 and 71:
of water with special leaves) outsi
Page 72 and 73:
Furthermore, according to Phra Depv
Page 74 and 75:
16. BEHAVIOURAL CONSIDERATIONS 16.1
Page 76 and 77:
and community factors must be consi
Page 78 and 79:
i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. a) b) Educat
Page 80 and 81:
tion precautions 580 . There are al
Page 82 and 83:
follow the intent 588 . Studies hav
Page 84 and 85:
18. FORMULATING STRATEGIES FOR HAND
Page 86 and 87:
18.2 DEVELOPING A STRATEGY FOR GUID
Page 88 and 89:
1998 (P
Page 90 and 91:
HCWs routinely to wear vinyl gloves
Page 92 and 93:
quality gloves, reuse, shortage of
Page 94 and 95:
• To test for holes, gloves shoul
Page 96 and 97:
Figure l.20.2: Blood safety: crucia
Page 98 and 99:
Consensus recommendations are that
Page 100 and 101:
D. Wash hands with either plain or
Page 102 and 103:
5. SKIN CARE A. B. C. Include infor
Page 107 and 108:
PART III. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS 1. M
Page 109 and 110:
2. HAND HYGIENE AS A QUALITY INDICA
Page 111 and 112:
can be seen during routine work. Da
Page 113 and 114:
Case study: United Kingdom national
Page 115 and 116:
PART IV. PROMOTING HAND HYGIENE ON
Page 117 and 118:
ated to reinforce its principles (t
Page 119:
6. PRINCIPLES OF COUNTRYWIDE HAND H
Page 122 and 123:
As many international and national
Page 124:
debate that resulted in increasing
Page 128 and 129:
23. Lee YL et al. Colonization by S
Page 130 and 131:
Interscience Conference on Antimicr
Page 132 and 133:
122. Vicca AF. Nursing staff worklo
Page 134 and 135:
171. Kauppinen J et al. Hospital wa
Page 136 and 137:
224. Krilov LR et al. Inactivation
Page 138 and 139:
276. Thomas L et al. Development of
Page 140 and 141:
326. Johnson S et al. Prospective,
Page 142 and 143:
34th Interscience Conference on Ant
Page 144 and 145:
423. Kampf G, et al. Influence of a
Page 146 and 147:
474. West DP et al. Evaluation of a
Page 148 and 149: 524. Muto C et al. Hand hygiene rat
Page 150 and 151: 578. Babcock HM et al. An education
Page 152 and 153: Interscience Conference on Antimicr
Page 154 and 155: 679. Hirschmann H et al. The influe
Page 156: 729. Martin LS, McDougal JS, Loskos
Page 161 and 162: Table I.8.1: Basic experimental des
Page 163 and 164: Table I.9.1: Waterborne pathogens a
Page 165 and 166: Table I.9.3: Virucidal activity of
Page 167 and 168: Table I.9.4: Studies comparing the
Page 169 and 170: Table I.9.6: Studies comparing the
Page 171 and 172: Table I.14.1: Hand hygiene frequenc
Page 173 and 174: Table I.14.2: Hand hygiene adherenc
Page 175 and 176: Table I.15.1: Hand hygiene indicati
Page 177 and 178: Table I.18.1: Strategies for succes
Page 179 and 180: Table l.20.1: Possible problems and
Page 181 and 182: Table I.21.1. Hand hygiene research
Page 183 and 184: Table I.21.1: Hand hygiene research
Page 185 and 186: Table I.21.2: Unsolved issues for r
Page 187 and 188: Table III.2.1: Quality indicators r
Page 189 and 190: Table V.3.1: Examples of public inf
Page 191 and 192: Table V.4.1: Examples of national p
Page 193: Table V.5.1: The public information
Page 197: APPENDIX 1. DEFINITIONS OF HEALTH-C
Page 202: Data in coloured cells can be chang
Page 206: NHS NICU n-P NPSA NA NS OPD PACU PA
Page 211 and 212: AUTHORS: John Boyce Saint Raphael H
Page 213 and 214: Garance Upham People’s Health Mov
show all

Hand hygiene.pdf

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?