- Page 2 and 3: The WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene
- Page 5 and 6: CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . ...........
- Page 7: 17. Organizing an education program
- Page 13 and 14: PART I. REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC DATA R
- Page 15 and 16: Effectiveness/effective. The clinic
- Page 17 and 18: 4. PHYSIOLOGY OF NORMAL SKIN The pr
- Page 19 and 20: as lifting patients, taking the pat
- Page 21 and 22: Most of the foodstuffs consumed in
- Page 23 and 24: increased to 40% and to 20% if hand
- Page 25 and 26: attributable to Salmonella spp. eve
- Page 27 and 28: tamination of smaller and well-defi
- Page 29 and 30: formulation. Therefore, the require
- Page 31 and 32: 9. REVIEW OF PREPARATIONS USED FOR
- Page 33 and 34: Ideally, narrow-topped containers s
- Page 35 and 36: easily in the absence of water 213
- Page 37 and 38: Recent studies found similar result
- Page 39 and 40: concluded that chloroxylenol is not
- Page 41 and 42: the cytoplasmic membrane, with subs
- Page 43 and 44: or documented exposure to B. anthra
- Page 45 and 46: 9.14 SAFETY ISSUES RELATED TO ALCOH
- Page 47 and 48: 10.1.1 SUGGESTED COMPOSITION OF ALC
- Page 49 and 50: While the chance of ingestion shoul
- Page 51 and 52: were required 367 . For several dec
- Page 53 and 54: een banned worldwide because of its
- Page 55 and 56: dure is necessary only upon enterin
- Page 57 and 58: ated with respiratory distress and
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products are tolerated better by HC
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can be generalized. Test products s
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Automated handwashing machines have
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14.2 OBSERVED ADHERENCE TO HAND CLE
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priests, monks, theologians and oth
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and (wash) your feet up to the ankl
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and positive form of respect toward
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eluctant to accept scientific recom
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tiple levels of influence; and (ii)
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component of hand hygiene behaviour
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have failed to induce a sustained i
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A policy for the practice is alread
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6. 7. Formulate and execute an educ
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The change in system from the time-
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has demonstrated that this bundled
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Prior to the emergence of the Human
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Key recommendations on glove use ar
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In institutions with limited resour
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gloves stick together and the glove
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emoved 658 . A simple and practical
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PART II. CONSENSUS RECOMMENDATIONS
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F. G. H. I. When performing surgica
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8. EDUCATIONAL AND MOTIVATIONAL PRO
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ability, data will be credible, and
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do not even reflect current thinkin
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Annual hand hygiene product budgets
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admissions in 1994 to 9.5 per 100 a
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2. THE NATIONAL PATIENT SAFETY AGEN
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5. BARRIERS TO NATIONAL PROGRAMMES
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PART V. PROVIDING INFORMATION TO TH
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private industry and the public sec
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REFERENCES 1. Rotter M. Hand washin
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49. Bonten MJM et al. Epidemiology
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99. Barker J et al. Effects of clea
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147. ASTM International. Test metho
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197. Babb JR et al. A test procedur
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249. Butz AM et al. Alcohol-impregn
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301. Herruzo-Cabrera R et al. Usefu
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350. Widmer AF. Replace hand washin
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400. Mitchell KG et al. Skin reacti
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449. Guin JD et al. Contact urticar
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499. Pittet D et al. Hand-cleansing
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550. Thepvethee P et al. Abortion,
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604. Master D et al. Scheduled hand
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653. Hoffman PN et al. Micro-organi
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704. Graves N. Economics and preven
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729. Martin LS, McDougal JS, Loskos
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Table I.8.1: Basic experimental des
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Table I.9.2: Microbiological indica
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Table I.9.3: Virucidal activity of
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Table I.9.5: Hygienic handrub effic
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Table I.9.7: Efficacy of surgical h
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Table I.14.2: Hand hygiene adherenc
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Table I.14.3: Factors influencing a
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Table I.17.1: Elements of education
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Table I.19.1: Association between i
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Table I.21.1: Hand hygiene research
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Table I.21.1: Hand hygiene research
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Table I.21.2: Unsolved issues for r
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Table III.1.1: Advantages and disad
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Table V.3.1: Examples of public inf
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Table V.4.1: Examples of national p
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Table V.4.1: Examples of national p
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Table V.5.1: The public information
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licensed to practise midwifery, and
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APPENDIX 3. EXAMPLE OF A SPREADSHEE
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ABBREVIATIONS AED Academy for Educa
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NHS NICU n-P NPSA NA NS OPD PACU PA
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Barry Cookson Health Protection Age
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EDITOR: Didier Pittet, Geneva’s U