Focus on Words

2. Consequently/because girls learned about health skills, they improved the sanitation 1
of their villages.
3. Girls were given school uniforms since/therefore they needed to feel that they were
a valued part of the school.
4. The girls felt proud to have a uniform. Since/Therefore they were more likely to
attend school everyday.
5. After graduation, the girls were more likely to start small businesses on account
of/as a result their mathematic and accounting skills.
6. Some graduates became valued business owners on account of/as a result they were
invited to serve on business councils.
7. Due to/Thus, their community status 2 , they were able to vote on improving water
and sanitation.
8. Health conditions improved in villages. Since/Thus more babies and children
survived.
GAPPED TEXT
6. Fill a-f into the numbered gaps of the following text.
An odd place to live
a. but extensive railway systems exist underground so why not huge cities?
b. but architects make great efforts to mimic conditions above ground.
c. but even being buried just for your working hours may not seem attractive.
d. but human psychology makes this possible.
e. but even the lowest floors get some sunlight.
f. but technical difficulties cannot be overcome.
Everyone needs somewhere to live and work, and humans will construct buildings
almost anywhere, using even ice or mud as materials if nothing else is available. In the
industrialised world, the problem is not finding materials for building but limited space
and the high price of land. The solution in most big cities is to build skyscrapers high
into the air (1) ... Some architects have proposed turning skyscrapers on their heads
and building down into the ground. This may seem an unusual concept (2) .... Such
places could accommodate 100,000 people without using up valuable surface land. The
underground city is technically feasible but there is a massive psychological barrier to
be overcome. Will people be able to deal with living away from the sun and sky? The
underground ‘city’ could be restricted to places of entertainment and office buildings
(3) .... Some such buildings do exist. In Minneapolis, USA, there is a building which is
95 per cent underground (4) .... This is achieved by an elaborate system of mirrors.
Living underground means you do not know what the weather is like (5) .... For
example, the Asahi television centre in Tokyo is 20 metres below the surface (6) .... It
seems that subterranean workers miss real weather even when it is bad!
1. sanitation (n.) – The protection of public health by removing and treating waste, dirty water etc.
2. status (n.) – the social or professional rank or position, considered in relation to other people
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