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A Beautiful Mind by Sylvia Nasar JOHN FORBES NASH, JR. a mathematical genius, inventor of a theory of rational behavior, visionary of the thinking machine - had been sitting with his visitor, also a mathematician, for nearly half an hour. It was late on a weekday afternoon in the spring of 1959, and, though it was only May, uncomfortably warm. Nash was slumped in an armchair in one corner of the hospital lounge, carelessly dressed in a nylon shirt that hung limply over his unbelted trousers. His powerful frame was slack as a rag doll’s, his finely molded features expressionless. He had been staring dully at a spot immediately in front of the left foot of Harvard professor George Mackey, hardly moving except to brush his long dark hair away from his forehead in a fitful, repetitive motion. His visitor sat upright, oppressed by the silence, acutely conscious that the doors to the room were locked. Mackey finally could contain himself no longer. His voice was slightly querulous, but he tried to be gentle. “How could you,” began Mackey, “how could you, a mathematician, a man devoted to reason and logical proof... how could you believe that extraterrestrials are sending you messages? How could you believe that you are being recruited by aliens from outer space to save the world? How could you. ..? ” Nash looked up at last and fixed Mackey with a stare as cool and dispassionate as that of any bird or snake. “Because,” Nash said slowly in his soft, reasonable southern drawl, as if talking to himself, “the ideas I had about supernatural beings came to me the same way that my mathematical ideas did. So I took them seriously.” The young genius from Bluefield, West Virginia – handsome, arrogant, and highly eccentric burst onto the mathematical scene in 1948. Over the next decade, a decade as notable for its supreme faith in human rationality as for its dark anxieties about mankind’s survival, Nash proved himself, in the words of the eminent geometer Mikhail Gromov, “the most remarkable mathematician of the second half of the century.”` Games of strategy, economic reality, computer architecture, the shape of the universe, the geometry of imaginary spaces, the mystery of prime numbers- all engaged his wide-ranging imagination. His ideas were of the deep and wholly unexpected kind that pushes scientific thinking in new directions. Geniuses, the mathematician Paul Halmos wrote, “are of two kinds: the ones who are just like all of us, but very much more so, and the ones who, apparently, have an extra human spark. We can all run, and some of us can run the mile in less than 4 minutes; but there is nothing that most of us can do that compares with the creation of the Great G-minor Fuguedd”. Nash’s genius was of that mysterious variety more often associated with music and art than with the oldest of all sciences. It wasn’t merely that his mind worked faster, that his memory was more retentive, or that his power of concentration was greater. The flashes of intuition were nonrational. Like other great mathematical intuitionists Friedrich Bernhard Riemann, Jules Henri Poincare, Srinivasa Ramanujan, Nash saw the vision first, constructing the laborious proofs long afterward. But even after he would try to explain some astonishing result, the actual route he had taken remained a mystery to others who tried to follow his reasoning. 91
Comprehension 1. Find the passage which proves that Nash was attractive. 2. Find the passage where he accepts the existence of aliens. 3. Find the passage which describes Nash’s interests. LISTENING Listen to the text “Thumbs Up or Thumbs Down?” and say which of the gadgets you would like to have in your house. TECHNOLOGY QUIZ 1. How many pieces of technology do you have with you, on your person in your bag? 2. How do you feel when you have to use a new piece of technology, e.g. a photocopier, car, camera etc? a. excited b. indifferent c. anxious 3. You have a new electronic gadget. Do you: a. read the instructions carefully before using it? b. learn how to use it by trial and error? c. get someone to show you how it works? 4. Which of the following do you have? a. a mobile phone b. an MP3 player c. a sat nav d. a palmtop e. a blog f. your own website 5. Do you take photos with: a. a digital camera? b. a disposable camera? c. a camera phone? 6. How do you feel about online shopping/banking? a. It’s great. b. I do it sometimes but the security worries me. c. I don’t do it. 7. Do you read ‘e-books’? a. Yes, now and again. b. Yes, all the time. c. No, I prefer to hold a real book. 8. Which of the following best describes your technologically speaking? a. set in your ways b. moving with the times c. at the cutting edge 92
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Ս. Բաղդասարյան, Ս. Գ
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world in which information can be e
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Fact File • China has become the
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3. Translate into Armenian. 1. We h
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The interviewer: Yes, brain drain.
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Focus on Grammar H
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4. Our new coach is popular... the
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Unit 2 Work Trends Before you read
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1. Translate into Armenian. 1. We d
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Focus on Phonetics
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Fact file In Denmark teachers are a
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MIXED TENSES 4. Choose the right ve
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Willy Smith, the foreman, was quite
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c. What can the results of your eff
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abolish armies and to hold and prom
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and most obscurely, yet most powerf
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3. If you set up home, this means t
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Have you ever tried to memorise som
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Sentence Connectors Explanation: Jo
Page 39 and 40: Check up 1 HOW GOOD IS YOUR ENGLISH
Page 41 and 42: 5. a person who flies an airplane 6
Page 43 and 44: Unit 4 Communication Before you rea
Page 45 and 46: 1. Insert words from the vocabulary
Page 47 and 48: Read the text and discuss the prove
Page 49 and 50: Formal speech: Due to a period of h
Page 51 and 52: So what differentiates them? Left-h
Page 53 and 54: on the stage? What would happen? It
Page 55 and 56: A CUP OF TEA (the end of the story)
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Page 59 and 60: 3. In the US we say ‘hello’ and
Page 61 and 62: Deforestation. The removal of fores
Page 63 and 64: . Finish the sentences giving your
Page 65 and 66: of volcanoes. The Hawaiian Islands
Page 67 and 68: some of the oil in the water or tra
Page 69 and 70: 6. There floods recently in the Afr
Page 71 and 72: The most marketed-to generation in
Page 73 and 74: 1. Insert the words. 1. I spent all
Page 75 and 76: ARRANGING WORDS What can you buy in
Page 77 and 78: Focus on Phonetics
Page 79 and 80: custom colour customs (ëáíáñá
Page 81 and 82: Trouble spot Because is followed by
Page 83 and 84: In 1969 ARPANET, the original Inter
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Page 99 and 100: 6. Which of the sentences is the be
Page 101 and 102: Unit 8 Multiculturalism Monument to
Page 103 and 104: Focus on Words Col
Page 105 and 106: Hong Kong With skyscrapers that def
Page 107 and 108: planet. Understanding the religious
Page 109 and 110: Work on Words awe n a feeling of gr
Page 111 and 112: The poem then jumps fifty years int
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Page 117 and 118: UNIT 9 A Feeling of Style Literary
Page 119 and 120: Before you read 1. Do you enjoy an
Page 121 and 122: Reviewing Dickens Rising to greatne
Page 123 and 124: Pause. Ask a man a civil question h
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Page 127 and 128: UNIT 10 Inspiration And Creation DI
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eliable source) tabloid, current af
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Read the text and answer the questi
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Read the text and discuss it. In ab
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Check up 3 HOW GOOD IS YOUR ENGLISH
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completely or disappear. Most of (7
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Gapped Text 8. Fill A-D into the nu
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Ծանոթություն` 1. Past S
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Table 8: Tense Chart Ժամանակ
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Past simple was/were + participle I
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Table 14: Nouns (Գոյական) A
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Անդրադարձ (Reflexive) Շե
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Գերադրական (Superlative)
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3. Եթե խնդիր երկրորդ
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e back վերադառնալ be in
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lie lay lain պառկել light lit
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Some criticize the idea that humans
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VOCABULARY 1 A abolish [@¹bOlIS] v
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civilization [ ¹ sIvIlaI¹zeISn] n
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describe [dIs¹kraIb] v նկարա
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famous [feIm@s] a հայտնի farc
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intelligence [In¹telIdZ@ns] n խե
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occurrence [@¹kör@ns] n պատա
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eference [ ¹ refr@ns] n մեջբե
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talent [ ¹ t{l@nt] n տաղանդ
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Contents Unit 1 Modern world: Globa
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