Focus on Words

every place where noisy skateboarders might congregate, develop city centres so that
the energy and skills of young skateboarders become part of the positive landscape.
This is “enabled” leisure.
It was once argued that leisure is the weak link in the chain of socialisation, when
compared with family, school and work. Young people make the most of it in plenty of
ways.
Answer the questions.
1. Do you agree that leisure speaks about the identity of young people?
2. What is meant by these kinds of leasure?
self-determined, intended, collective, individualised, enabled, solitary, obstructed,
organized
Presentation
Literary Skills
The literal meaning of a word you find in the dictionary is the denotation of a
word.
But the words besides denoting a concrete thing, action or concept may also have
an emotional meaning, i.e. they may express the speaker’s attitude. This type of
meaning is the connotation of a word,e.g. the words man and gentleman have similar
denota tion but the connotations are different.
The word gentleman means a man who is in some way more formal, more polite,
has good manners.
Connotative meaning comes from people’s experiences both personal and
universal, e.g. for most of the people the significance of the word “home” is very personal
and is different to different people, it might mean untidiness; lack of privacy to
some; to the others it brings the feeling of love or security. Or good food and
relaxation.
When you consider what words suggest, you form pictures and sense impressions
in your imagination. Such pictures or sense impressions are called images. Through
images, or imagery, writers present what can be seen, heard, touched, tasted, smelled
or what can be felt inside (joy, pain, fear).
The language which suggests new associations, emotions and is concise and bright
is known as fi gurative language. Figurative language has connotations and helps to
express ideas more vividly, e.g.
Figures of speech are the result of creativeness of our mind. Figures of speech do
not change their meaning, but add emotiveness to the utterance.One of the most widely
used figure of speech is metaphor.
Metaphor is a trope in which a word or a phrase is associated with a particular
con cept or object on the principle of identification, e.g.
The fog comes
on little cat feet. It sits looking over
harbor and city
132