Guide on Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples

presented their experiences on activities to reduce emissions fromdeforestation and forest degradation, as well as the lessons learned,and elaborated on the methodological challenges and possible solutionsthat would help move this issue forward. The outcome of this workshopprovided input for the AWG-LCA meeting in Accra, Ghana in August 2008,and was reported to the 29th session of the SBSTA, in Poznan, Poland, inDecember 2008.” 4Highlights of the REDD Workshop report: 5Cost effective systems for estimating and monitoring deforestation and changesin carbon stocks can be designed and implemented …. through a combination ofremote sensing assessments and ground based measurements or a selected butrepresentative series of plots stratifying the forest types in a country;Addressing forest degradation is more difficult than addressing deforestation,but knowing the causes of degradation in countries can help in estimating ofassociated losses of carbon;Reference emission levels should be flexible, adaptive, based on reliable historicaldata and periodically reviewed;National approaches should be used for estimating and monitoring, butSubnational approaches can constitute an initial step and be scaled upprogressively;National coordination and joint work with all relevant stakeholders couldprovide an enabling environment for timely and effective capacity-buildingefforts;Capacity-building exercises need to be scaled up in the future and focus on needsidentified by countries;Capacity building is needed in many areas, including on data collection andarchiving, development and implementation of national monitoring systems andforest carbon inventories, as well as on remote sensing and its interpretationand application to national circumstances such as complex topography andpersistent cloud cover; andDiscussions on policy approaches and incentives can be initiated given thecurrent knowledge of methodological issues, while the implications of differentapproaches will need to be further explored.The summary also notes, inter alia, that: it was agreed that further workis needed on how to address displacement of emissions, that broad participation isone way to do this, and that actions on REDD should result in real global emissionsreductions.• In the Accra Climate Change Talks (August 21-27, 2008), the AWG-LCA“considered the work programme for 2009 and adopted the conclusionsof the Chair of the AWG-LCA. A major conclusion reached is that theAWG-LCA would, in 2009, shift into full negotiating mode, advancingnegotiations on all the elements of the BAP in a comprehensive andbalanced way. This was in view of the deadline for completion of itsPART VIII: The Current State of Climate Change Negotiations 121