Guide on Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples

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Part VREDD/REDD+and Indigenous PeoplesIn the UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol(KP), reducing deforestation and forestdegradation has not been included asa means to reduce GHG emissions dueto many technical and methodologicalquestions. Proponents of REDD - and nowREDD+ - have succeeded in bringing thisissue into the negotiating processes andare working towards having this includedas part of the decisions to be taken at theCOP 15 in Copenhagen. In the meantime,funding mechanisms have been establishedto provide resources for tropical forestcountries for their engagement in the REDDmechanism and in setting up pilot projects.REDD - ReducingEmissions fromDeforestation andForest Degradation inDeveloping Countries,a climate changemitigation measurethat seeks to reduceGHG emissionsby preventing orreducing forestloss and forestdegradation.1 What is REDD?• Essentially, REDD is about compensating tropical forest nation-statesand companies or owners of forests in developing countries not tocut their carbon-rich forests or to reduce their deforestation and forestdegradation rates, thus avoiding GHG emissions.• The IPCC 4th Assessment Report (IPCC AR4) released in 2007 estimatedthat deforestation and land-use changes account for 17% of the globalGHGs (see Figures 1 and 2). This is more than the emissions fromthe transportation sector (road, rail and ship) worldwide or the totalemissions from the European Union. Nine to 13 million hectares of48 <strong>Guide</strong> on Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples
forests are destroyed each yearaccording to the FAO. Thesedata spurred the internationalclimate change communityto address the need to createpositive incentives and policyapproaches to reduce emissionsfrom deforestation and forestdegradation.• If REDD is implementedproperly, the contribution offorest conservation to meetingthe goal of 1.5 to 2 degreesCelsius temperature rise will besignificant.17% - estimate GHGemissions due todeforestation and land-usechanges1.6GtC - quantified amountof this emission in gigatonnesof carbon9 to 13M - hectares offorests destroyed each yearaccording to FAOFigure 1. Global anthropogenic GHG emissionsPART V: REDD/REDD+ and Indigenous Peoples 49
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Guide on Climate C
Page 9: • Our ancestors and we, the prese
Page 13 and 14: effect. As humans emit more carbon
Page 15: affected by industrial and other em
Page 18 and 19: What is Joint Implementation (JI)?J
Page 20: Endnotes:1 Greenhouse gases which a
Page 26 and 27: y forced use of heavily contaminate
Page 28: • Incessant rains in high altitud
Page 32 and 33: vulnerable to environmental degrada
Page 34 and 35: • The IPCC Fourth Assessment Repo
Page 36 and 37: BuildingsIndustryAgricultureForestr
Page 38 and 39: • For indigenous peoples: indigen
Page 40 and 41: Box 2Mt. Elgon National Park in Uga
Page 42 and 43: harvested, these shouldbe transport
Page 44 and 45: Box 4Western Arnhem Fire Management
Page 46 and 47: of climate change. Thus, there isa
Page 48 and 49: • Focus - Urgent and immediate ne
Page 50 and 51: activities according to the obligat
Page 52 and 53: • Some supplement their subsisten
Page 54 and 55: Aside from the cases presented abov
Page 56 and 57: ExchangeResourcemanagement• Using
Page 60 and 61: Figure 2. Annual Global Emissions f
Page 62 and 63: sequestration, ensure soilfertility
Page 64 and 65: 4What are the mitigation optionsund
Page 66 and 67: governance of forests (e.g., Tropic
Page 68 and 69: UNPFII 7th Session Recommendations
Page 70 and 71: ecommendation on the needto respect
Page 72 and 73: Mechanisms and Trust Funds of the F
Page 74 and 75: R-PP - ReadinessPreparation Proposa
Page 76 and 77: UNPFII 7th Session Report recommend
Page 78 and 79: conservation and sustainableuse of
Page 80 and 81: peoples, local communities and wome
Page 82 and 83: Aims of UN-REDDTo assist developing
Page 84 and 85: Key document underpinningUN-REDD Pr
Page 86 and 87: continue their unsustainable and hi
Page 88 and 89: 10On the other hand, what are theop
Page 90 and 91: strengthen the implementation of UN
Page 92 and 93: 11What is an example of an indigeno
Page 94 and 95: Photo credit: AMAN.Regulation on Re
Page 96 and 97: Photo credit: AMAN.including indige
Page 98 and 99: • Conclusion: This case study sho
Page 100 and 101: • This workshop, held in March200
Page 102 and 103: What are the key issues beingnegoti
Page 104 and 105: “leakage,” difficulty in accura
Page 106 and 107: • Proxy means that simplified but
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18 This is a document entitled “C
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2Why is Biodiversityimportant?The v
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the territories in which indigenous
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integrated with other strategies su
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10Why should traditional knowledgeo
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Endnotes:1 Secretariat of the Conve
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Some of the impacts are as follows:
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increase 6 and limit their chances
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4How are mitigating measures on cli
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Uganda were also transformed intosu
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1What is the Bali Roadmap 1 and the
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3What were the key developments in
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work in Copenhagen in 2009.” 6•
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• At SBSTA30 held in the 2nd Bonn
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“Post-Kyoto” or “Copenhagen P
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Role of the USin mitigationand trea
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Finance andtechnology(overall)- Con
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TechnologyDefinition oftechnologytr
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Legal form ofoutcome andtracks- Mos
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Trade andClimate- Stronglyagainstun
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6Why are these negotiations relevan
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Part IXWays Forward: The UNDeclarat
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esource rights, as well asits use a
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Participation and Inclusion: Every
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4. Enhance and deepen our understan
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funds like the BioCarbon Fund shoul
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AnnexesANNEX AUNITED NATIONS FRAMEW
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economically in their own right and
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consideration.3. The Parties should
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objective. These Parties may implem
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(g) Countries with areas with fragi
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(e) Assess, on the basis of all inf
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(b) Prepare scientific assessments
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eferred to in subparagraph (a) imme
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8. The provisions of this Article s
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Article 20SIGNATUREThis Convention
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Article 26AUTHENTIC TEXTSThe origin
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New ZealandNorwayPortugalSpainSwede
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(c)country Parties, while ensuring
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2. Decides that the process shall b
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ANNEX CThe Anchorage Declaration24
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climate change.5. All initiatives u
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ANNEX DGlobal Consultation on REDD
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REDD Funds24. Tie funding to compli
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2. September 15: Facilitator circul
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Some references on Climate Changean
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Manaus declaration / Declaración d
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Websites:Australia’s Internationa
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IN20- Nitrous OxideILOIPACCIPCCIPRI
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196 Guide on Clima
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Guide on Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples

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