Guide on Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples

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Role of the USin mitigationand treatmentof the US- US must betreated likeany otherdevelopedcountry even ifit is not a partyto the KP;- Comparabilityof efforts: ifUSA does notjoin KP, itscomparablecommitmentshould bebound in theUNFCCC in aCOP Decision.- COPdecisions arelegally binding,contrary towhat is beingspread thatonly a protocolis legallybinding.- Developed countriesin a dilemma. First,they insisted thatthe US should makeequal commitmentsas other A1 countries;- Now, some (Japan)may accept the USlow commitment and“bottom-up approach”then attempt to dolikewise (Japan’s lowtarget of 8% reductionfor 1990-2020);- US wants to have itsown national target inUS domestic law andhave this mentionedin a new agreement;- In the Waxman-Markey Bill, whichwas adopted bythe US House ofRepresentatives, itstarget is to reduceemissions to 17% of2005 levels by 2050(way below the 85%target by 2050 of1990 levels);- It also wantsall countrieswith”significantemissions profile”to do likewise (e.g.,China and India);- EU already loweredits target (to 20% from30%), with greateroffsets. Will it maintainthis or even go lowerif other A1 countriesjump ship?- Insisted that the USshould commit equalto other A1 countries- US should makeequal or highercommitments as it isstill the highest emitterper capita;.- US should not relylargely on offsets tomeet its emissiontargets;- Should pay climatedebt by providingadequate andpredictable financeand ensure transferof mitigationand adaptationtechnologies todeveloping countriesand indigenouspeoples and localcommunities ona concessionarybasis. Intellectualproperty rights (IPRs)requirements shouldbe relaxed whentransferring climatefriendlytechnologies;- These points alsoapply to A1 countries;- Indigenous peoplesshould participate indeciding mitigationmeasures to ensurethat these do nothave negative socioeconomicimpactson them. Their rightsshould not be violatedand their free, priorand informed consent(FPIC) should beobtained whenmitigation measuresare put in place (e.g.,hydroelectric dams,REDD, etc.).128 <strong>Guide</strong> on Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples
Developingcountries roleon mitigation- Theirmitigationactions canbe enhancedand can besubjected toMonitoring,Reporting andVerification(MRV) -only on thecondition andto the extentfinance andtechnology isprovided - andthese need tobe MRVed;- Actions, notoutcomes, canbe MRVed.- Want maximunobligations fromdeveloping countries;- Want somedeveloping countries’mitigation actions tobe more than MRVed;both outcomesand actions to besubjected to reductioncommitments;- Obligations beyondBAP (Bali Action Plan)through concept andfigures of “deviationfrom business asusual by 15 to 30%;”- Outcomes to beMRVed and for MRVto be as explicit andbinding, e.g., throughWTO schedule-type ofactions;- No definition of MVCswas established.- Indigenous peoplesshould participate indeciding mitigationmeasures to ensurethat these do nothave negative socioeconomicimpacts onthem;- Their rights shouldnot be violated andtheir FPIC shouldbe obtained whenmitigation measuresare put in place (e.g.,hydroelectric dams,REDD, etc.);- Indigenous peoples’traditional livelihoodsand resourcemanagement systems(forest, coastal,etc.) are mitigationmeasures whichshould be incentivized,both through policyreforms and financialsupport;- “Most vulnerablecountries” (MVCs)category was createdto divide and rule thedeveloping countries.PART VIII: The Current State of Climate Change Negotiations 129
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Guide on Climate C
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• Our ancestors and we, the prese
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effect. As humans emit more carbon
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affected by industrial and other em
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What is Joint Implementation (JI)?J
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Endnotes:1 Greenhouse gases which a
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y forced use of heavily contaminate
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• Incessant rains in high altitud
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vulnerable to environmental degrada
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• The IPCC Fourth Assessment Repo
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BuildingsIndustryAgricultureForestr
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• For indigenous peoples: indigen
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Box 2Mt. Elgon National Park in Uga
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harvested, these shouldbe transport
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Box 4Western Arnhem Fire Management
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of climate change. Thus, there isa
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• Focus - Urgent and immediate ne
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activities according to the obligat
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• Some supplement their subsisten
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Aside from the cases presented abov
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ExchangeResourcemanagement• Using
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Part VREDD/REDD+and Indigenous Peop
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Figure 2. Annual Global Emissions f
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sequestration, ensure soilfertility
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4What are the mitigation optionsund
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governance of forests (e.g., Tropic
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UNPFII 7th Session Recommendations
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ecommendation on the needto respect
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Mechanisms and Trust Funds of the F
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R-PP - ReadinessPreparation Proposa
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UNPFII 7th Session Report recommend
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conservation and sustainableuse of
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peoples, local communities and wome
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Aims of UN-REDDTo assist developing
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Key document underpinningUN-REDD Pr
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continue their unsustainable and hi
Page 88 and 89: 10On the other hand, what are theop
Page 90 and 91: strengthen the implementation of UN
Page 92 and 93: 11What is an example of an indigeno
Page 94 and 95: Photo credit: AMAN.Regulation on Re
Page 96 and 97: Photo credit: AMAN.including indige
Page 98 and 99: • Conclusion: This case study sho
Page 100 and 101: • This workshop, held in March200
Page 102 and 103: What are the key issues beingnegoti
Page 104 and 105: “leakage,” difficulty in accura
Page 106 and 107: • Proxy means that simplified but
Page 108 and 109: 18 This is a document entitled “C
Page 110 and 111: 2Why is Biodiversityimportant?The v
Page 112 and 113: the territories in which indigenous
Page 114 and 115: integrated with other strategies su
Page 116 and 117: 10Why should traditional knowledgeo
Page 118 and 119: Endnotes:1 Secretariat of the Conve
Page 120 and 121: Some of the impacts are as follows:
Page 122 and 123: increase 6 and limit their chances
Page 124 and 125: 4How are mitigating measures on cli
Page 126 and 127: Uganda were also transformed intosu
Page 128 and 129: 1What is the Bali Roadmap 1 and the
Page 130 and 131: 3What were the key developments in
Page 132 and 133: work in Copenhagen in 2009.” 6•
Page 134 and 135: • At SBSTA30 held in the 2nd Bonn
Page 136 and 137: “Post-Kyoto” or “Copenhagen P
Page 140 and 141: Finance andtechnology(overall)- Con
Page 142 and 143: TechnologyDefinition oftechnologytr
Page 144 and 145: Legal form ofoutcome andtracks- Mos
Page 146 and 147: Trade andClimate- Stronglyagainstun
Page 148 and 149: 6Why are these negotiations relevan
Page 150 and 151: Part IXWays Forward: The UNDeclarat
Page 152 and 153: esource rights, as well asits use a
Page 154 and 155: Participation and Inclusion: Every
Page 156 and 157: 4. Enhance and deepen our understan
Page 158 and 159: funds like the BioCarbon Fund shoul
Page 160 and 161: AnnexesANNEX AUNITED NATIONS FRAMEW
Page 162 and 163: economically in their own right and
Page 164 and 165: consideration.3. The Parties should
Page 166 and 167: objective. These Parties may implem
Page 168 and 169: (g) Countries with areas with fragi
Page 170 and 171: (e) Assess, on the basis of all inf
Page 172 and 173: (b) Prepare scientific assessments
Page 174 and 175: eferred to in subparagraph (a) imme
Page 176 and 177: 8. The provisions of this Article s
Page 178 and 179: Article 20SIGNATUREThis Convention
Page 180 and 181: Article 26AUTHENTIC TEXTSThe origin
Page 182 and 183: New ZealandNorwayPortugalSpainSwede
Page 184 and 185: (c)country Parties, while ensuring
Page 186 and 187: 2. Decides that the process shall b
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ANNEX CThe Anchorage Declaration24
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climate change.5. All initiatives u
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ANNEX DGlobal Consultation on REDD
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REDD Funds24. Tie funding to compli
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2. September 15: Facilitator circul
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Some references on Climate Changean
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Manaus declaration / Declaración d
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Websites:Australia’s Internationa
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IN20- Nitrous OxideILOIPACCIPCCIPRI
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196 Guide on Clima
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Guide on Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples

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