remote control equipment - Indian Railways Institute of Electrical ...

f) When grid supply to any traction sub-station fails and consequent
emergency working has to be resorted to by extending the feed from
adjacent sub-stations, the maximum demand at these sub-stations may
go up. Most Supply Authorities have agreed to ignore such temporary
increase in maximum demand for billing purpose. Where this has not
yet agreed to, efforts should be continued to persuade the Supply
Authorities to accept this principle.
g) The present methodology of measuring maximum demand at each
individual sub-stations for the purpose of billing has been reviewed by
the Central Electricity Authority. It has been that Railways should be
charged for traction power on the basis of simultaneous maximum
demand recorded in contiguous sub-stations of the SEB serviced by
the same grid transformers. Modalities to implement the decision would
have to be mutually settled between SEB’s and Railways, with cost of
the equipment borne by Railways.
2.2 Tariff for Traction
a) In Electric Traction the energy cost forms a substantial portion of the
total operating and maintenance cost. The tariffs charged by various
state Electricity Boards vary from a simple flat rate for the energy
(charged by some states like MSEB & GEB) to a very complex tariff
structure covering a variety of parameters (as indicated in the tariff
charged by MPEB). The implications of the various parameters should
be studied carefully to keep the energy cost to the minimum possible
level.
b) Contract Demand for each sub-station should be stipulated in relation
to the expected actual Maximum Demand in such a manner that in
fructuous payments by way of minimum guarantee on the one hand
and penal charges for exceeding the contract demand on the other, are
avoided. Notice period for altering Contract Demand should be kept as
low as possible in the agreement. Preferably 4 to 6 weeks.
c) In the tariff charged for electric traction, following are some of the
parameters that should be given careful consideration with a view to
keeping down the energy bill to the minimum:
i) Maximum demand charge Rs/kVA/month. Normally one feeder
is ‘ON’ for feeding the traction load. If two sets of trivector
meters are provided the higher of the two should be the MD to
be charged. Caution may be excercised to ensure that addition
of both is not taken as MD in billing.
ii) Energy charge Paisa/kWh.
iii) Fuel Adjustment Charge (FAC) accounting for the variations in
cost of fuel and calorific value compared to stipulated basis
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