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Copyright 2004 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Copyright 2004 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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Figure 25Impact ionization in QDs.mutually exclusive and only one of these processes can be present in a givensystem.As discussed in Section V, significant progress has been made in forming3D arrays of both colloidal [162] and epitaxial [42] II–VI and III–V QDs. Theformer have been formed via evaporation and crystallization of colloidal QDsolutions containing a uniform QD size distribution; crystallization of QDsolids from broader size distributions lead to close-packed QD solids, butwith a high degree of disorder. Concerning the latter, arrays of epitaxial QDshave been formed <strong>by</strong> successive epitaxial deposition of epitaxial QD layers;after the first layer of epitaxial QDs is formed, successive layers tend to formwith the QDs in each layer aligned on top of each other [42,163]. Theoreticaland experimental studies of the properties of QD arrays are currently underway. Major issues are the nature of the electronic states as a function ofinterdot distance, array order versus disorder, QD orientation and shape,surface states, surface structure/passivation, and surface chemistry. Transportproperties of QD arrays are also of critical importance, and they areunder investigation.<strong>Copyright</strong> <strong>2004</strong> <strong>by</strong> <strong>Marcel</strong> <strong>Dekker</strong>, <strong>Inc</strong>. <strong>All</strong> <strong>Rights</strong> <strong>Reserved</strong>.

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