Proceedings of 8th European Assembly on telework (Telework2001)

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27Information society, Globalisation and SustainableDevelopment: Impacts on the Environment 1Franz Josef Radermacher 2 , Pr<strong>of</strong>essor, Forschungsinstitut füranwendungsorientierte Wissensverarbeitung (FAW), GermanyBackgroundThe following document reflects a background in civil society and consulting with governmentsand industry. In particular, it reflects the state <strong>of</strong> debate in the Information Society Forum <strong>of</strong>the <strong>European</strong> Union and its Global Society Dialogue on the issue <strong>of</strong> sustainability and globalgovernance.What is sustainability?Concerning sustainability, the following position is taken. Sustainability would reflect the state <strong>of</strong>human affairs on the globe, in which value creation is done only by using as input the “interest” <strong>of</strong>nature and social systems, but never the “capital” itself. The idea is to preserve or increase capitaland not to use it and only to do value creation under this constraint <strong>of</strong> keeping capital intact withsustainability, that is not to have any growth that essentially consists in burning capital for shorttermcash.Are we sustainable?The answer, is no, we are not sustainable. This world is not on a sustainable track. Europe isalso not on a sustainable track. We do not have today a reasonable framework and correspondingeconomic incentives that would direct our activities into a sustainable direction. Within theglobalisation process, we witness in fact the inverse process. It is no longer possible to buildor keep intact frameworks <strong>of</strong> that nature on a country level or even a continent level. Thereforethe global frameworks are becoming the really important issue for sustainability. The globalframework today has a major anchor the WTO system. However, the WTO system is essentiallya free-trade order regime, it does not reflect social, cultural and ecological aspects at all. For thatreason, as long as we want to stay competitive in Europe, there is no chance for sustainability,neither for us nor the world, because the global economic systems honours a non-sustainablemade <strong>of</strong> operation, not a sustainable one. Whatever we tell in politics the truth is: we are not on asustainable track.1Club <strong>of</strong> Rome/EU Hearing “Towards an EU strategy for sustainable development”, Brussels, 2 May 20012Forschunginstitut für anwendungorientierte Wissensverarbeitung (FAW), Helmholtzstr. 16, D-89081 Ulm, Tel. (+49)0731-501-100,Telefax (+49)0731-501-111, email:radermacher@faw.uniulm.de
28The need for a double strategyGiven the economic pressures <strong>of</strong> competition on a world-market scale and knowing that we arenot sustainable, we need an adequate strategy for Europe. What does not work, is to adopt toglobal pressures, then call this „intelligent modernisation“ and not tell the public that this is notsustainable at all. A better route, which we propose for <strong>European</strong> politics, means to learn fromNATO´s double strategy 20 years ago with the SS20-missiles programme <strong>of</strong> the Soviet Union. Thepoint would be to tell the public that we do wrong, but also explain why, that this failure has todo with global pressures and particular decisions made by the United States. Take for instancethe greencard as an example. We could have a debate about global order systems that wouldchange the picture for the greencard, while we implement a greencard ourselves. The idea wouldbe, that many countries pay investments into education by countries such as India, if they takeeducated people from those countries. We could declare our willingness for global contracts <strong>of</strong> thatnature under the condition that the US also joins, because otherwise we would get problems withcompetition.Do we have a common understanding on this globeon the challenges lying ahead <strong>of</strong> us?Unfortunately, not. Though there might be an agreement that we overstress nature already today.Also, we all know, that it is the richest fifth <strong>of</strong> humankind that creates four fifths <strong>of</strong> all the problemsand pollutions, and that we do that with the cleanest technology available. Still, we do not havea common understanding <strong>of</strong> where the problems are. In particular, the US, as well as technologydrivenpeople all around the globe hope, that with new technologies, with a factor-10 increase inresource productivity, eventually all the problems on the globe might be solved. However, it is aninsightful <strong>European</strong> position that this point <strong>of</strong> view is not correct. The problem here is the so-called”rebound effect“.Historically, we have always seen that good technical solutions for solving a problem usually dothis by creating an even bigger new problem. On the globe today, the main problem is that we arenot sufficiently socially balanced. Europe has been and still is an example <strong>of</strong> what a reasonablesocial system could be. But, on the global level, we have a much higher degree <strong>of</strong> asymmetry thenin Europe. This is true for the US or even more for the globe in total. What we really need are betterframeworks for the world economy. I mean, not only frameworks <strong>of</strong> the economy that deal withantitrust questions and questions <strong>of</strong> ownership rights, but we also need frameworks that deal withsocial, cultural and ecological aspects. Essentially it is those frameworks by which social, culturaland ecological sustainability will be established or not. Frameworks include rules, incentivesand, in particular, co-financing. Certainly the essential issue for sustainability is co-financing,particularly in the social field. This means taxes, money redistribution and so on. One has to takethe money where it comes in fountains and put it where there is only very little to get a sociallybalanced situation. In such a socially balanced situation there is a reasonable chance that worldpopulation pressures may finally be dissolved, and there is also a reasonable chance that we can docontracts for the protection <strong>of</strong> the environment. This is not possible under democratic rule, as longas people are dying in the streets. Because under democratic rule, caring for those people, whichdoes not happen, is even more necessary than protecting animals and trees.
Page 3: 4PREFACENew ways of</strong
Page 7 and 8: 8PARALLEL SESSION PRESENTATIONSI Gl
Page 10 and 11: 11PLENARY SESSION PRESENTATIONSI St
Page 12 and 13: 13Learning and organizational devel
Page 14 and 15: 15The New Policy Agenda for eWork i
Page 16: 17eWork has also emerged as a key f
Page 19 and 20: 20Telework and local entrepreneursh
Page 21 and 22: 22involves interaction and planning
Page 24 and 25: 25The Green Paper is also addressin
Page 28 and 29: 29The European Uni
Page 30 and 31: 31The Commission paperThe Commissio
Page 32 and 33: 33Summary from EPRI meeting 1Jouni
Page 34 and 35: 35It was agreed that online access
Page 36 and 37: 37Professor Turkka
Page 38 and 39: 39Delegations from 24 Europ
Page 40 and 41: 41ConclusionsMatti Salmenperä, Dir
Page 42: 43The role of tech
Page 45 and 46: 46e-Work in Europe - Indicators for
Page 47 and 48: 48The results from the ECaTT projec
Page 49 and 50: 50According to our forecasts using
Page 51 and 52: 52In general, the transition from t
Page 53 and 54: 54market adaptablity (in the EC und
Page 55 and 56: 56Tele-cooperation is already widel
Page 57 and 58: 58As Table 7 shows, overall self-em
Page 59 and 60: 60the traditional view of</
Page 61 and 62: 62Figure 4:Adaptability of<
Page 63 and 64: 646. Summary and ConclusionsThe pre
Page 65 and 66: 66Virtual work in a real worldUrsul
Page 67 and 68: 68Still more misleading is the assu
Page 69 and 70: 70what, then, has changed?Any analy
Page 71 and 72: 72Preliminary results of</s
Page 73 and 74: 74Figure 3:eWork demand in Europe,
Page 75 and 76: 76As can be seen, by far the most c
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78Information Security in E-workArt
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803. The impact of
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82Accommodating the new economy:The
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84With distributed workforces only
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86As the level of
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885. SANE future research tasksThe
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90Awareness: For fluent distributed
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92On a 17” screen the user is abl
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95PARALLEL SESSION PRESENTATIONSI G
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972. The set of VI
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99What is global e-Work?E-work is w
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101Contribution to progress in the
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103Most relevant: The unprecedented
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105PARALLEL SESSION PRESENTATIONSII
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107The Siemens CaseSiemens Finland
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109Challenges of v
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111Teleware’s combination trainin
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113PARALLEL SESSION PRESENTATIONSII
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115Towns should regain their anothe
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117In order to be successful, devel
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119The Models of I
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121Table 1.Telework implementation
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123of threats in o
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125Fig.3.Level of
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127Telework is applied in Poland in
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129The first area is strictly conne
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131Awareness of Te
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133work more effective, producing h
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135Conferences on Telework in Budap
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137Telecommunication services penet
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139Look at World (in Estonian: Vaat
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141Aim of project
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143PARALLEL SESSION PRESENTATIONSIV
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145There seems to be a vicious circ
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147netOrganisationStefano Lotti, CE
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149We can now temporarily observe t
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151On the other hand, the presence
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153The possibility to access an org
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1556. Some wishes, to replace concl
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157PARALLEL SESSION PRESENTATIONSV
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159This paper looks first at how eL
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161Figure 1:Lead operators and free
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163Table 1:Online work exchange mar
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165Table 2:Tele-cooperation in Euro
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1675 ConclusionsMalone and Laubache
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169Home Telework As A Key Action To
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171a structured questionnaire, and
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1735. Telework Eight Months LaterDu
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175In both the surveys, the workers
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177represented an important variabl
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179The work deprived were the secon
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181divide and blur lines between wo
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183PARALLEL SESSION PRESENTATIONSVI
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185Since technological reason in ge
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187The main exception at the moment
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189Claussen 2001) , the few bigger
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191ReferencesAlasoini. T. and Kyll
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193IntroductionThe ongoing economic
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195Building on former programmesThe
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197Therefore, it seems essential th
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NotesBaethge, Martin (1999): Transf
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201organizations, R&D institutes, a
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203Challenges for Programmatic Work
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205different kinds of</stro
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209Development Cooperation
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211How to fi nd work tasks?There is
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213IntroductionEco-Managed eWork as
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215In a recent survey by the Helsin
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217The experiment is connected with
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219their interest in returning to t
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221businesses, have access to the v
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223Short summaries of</stro
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225As a result of
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229The knowledge economy is not <st
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231PARALLEL SESSION PRESENTATIONSIX
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233The paper of Sh
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In total, the conference once again
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237Appendix AE -WORK 2001 Conferenc
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239Year 2002 conferenceParallel ses
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2417. Community developments15.00 -
Page 242 and 243:
243Appendix CList of</stron
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245Harle Bob European</stro
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247Koivusalo Salla Helsinki Univers
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249Mustikkamäki Nina University Of
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251Sajavaara AnuEmployers’ Associ
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253Wasinger Walter Informations-Tec
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255
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