by Police - Bureau of Police Research and Development
by Police - Bureau of Police Research and Development
by Police - Bureau of Police Research and Development
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The Indian <strong>Police</strong> Journalthe middle rank ganikas amounted to 2000 panas <strong>and</strong> for the highestrank it was up to 3000 panas. 151 It is also mentioned that “a rivalprostitute on half the above salary designated ‘kutumbardhana’, shallalso be appointed”.If comparatively seen, the salary <strong>of</strong> ganikas to that <strong>of</strong> Governmentservants, the formers' salary was high. The salary <strong>of</strong> the ganikadhyaksaas well as other Adhyaksa’s (Superintendents amounted only to1000 pana per annum. 152 It was the same <strong>of</strong> foretellers, readers <strong>of</strong>omens, astrologers, readers <strong>of</strong> puranas, story-tellers, bards, priests 153 ,charioteers <strong>of</strong> the King 154 <strong>and</strong> <strong>of</strong> various kinds <strong>of</strong> spies. 155The highest salary was paid to Rtuij, to the Aacharya, to the Ministers,to the Purohita, to the Comm<strong>and</strong>er <strong>of</strong> the Army, to the Yuvaraja, tomahisi), whichamounted to 48,000 per annum. 156 But the salary was not the onlysource <strong>of</strong> income <strong>and</strong> she used to get some costly gifts occasionally,such as garments, gold, silver, copper, brass <strong>and</strong> iron objects, bedding,quilts, special vestments, perfumes, spices, harnesses ghee, olives,grain <strong>and</strong> cattle. 157Vats 158 had enumerated various ways <strong>and</strong> devices to collectextraordinary gifts <strong>and</strong> income from the customers or paramours.Vats 159 time, quality <strong>of</strong> the prostitute, her popularity <strong>and</strong> her status as comparedwith others (prostitute) 160 , beside, there can be the increase <strong>of</strong> the pricetwo or more paramours 161 (Vats 335). Sometime, prostitutes get twice 162Kautilya says that the Ganikadhyaksafees or gifts (daya), who was in the full control <strong>of</strong> the person <strong>of</strong> ganikas.Fixed price was called in Kautilya Arthasastra as bhoga paymentfor enjoyment, but bhoga ganika, but <strong>by</strong> theganikadhyaksa (Ganikadhyaksa) bholam….Ganikayah vib<strong>and</strong>hayet 163as the ganika did not take for herself the payment for enjoyment. 164It is further mentioned in Arthasastra <strong>of</strong> Kautilya: “bhogam dayamayavyayam ayation ca ganikayah nibaudhayet. Ativyayakaruna cavaryet.” 165 He should determine the payment for enjoyment, gifts,the gross receipts <strong>and</strong> the gross expenditure, <strong>and</strong> the net income, <strong>and</strong>he shall check the extravagant expenditure”. Hence, it is evident that200 January - March, 2013
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